• Biotechnology and Bioprocess Engineering:BBE
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• v.11 no.5
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• pp.466-469
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• 2006

The bed stability of Streamline DEAE (p = 1.2 g/mL) in a 20mm (i.d.) glass expanded bed contactor, and its performance on the recovery of glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PDH) from unclarified yeast homogenate were investigated. A residence time distribution study showed that a stable expanded bed was achieved. The theoretical plate and Bodenstein numbers determined were 25 and 53, respectively. A recovery yield of 87% and purification factor of 4.1 were achieved in the operation using 5% (w/v) biomass concentration feedstock. The performance of the anion exchange EBAC was still considerable good at a biomass concentration as high as 15% (w/v).

• Journal of the Korean Applied Science and Technology
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• v.27 no.4
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• pp.494-500
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• 2010

This study was carried to investigate the antidiabetic and lipid metabolism of water extract paecilomyces japonica(PJ) in Streptozotocin (STZ) induced diabetic rats. Diabetes were induced by intravenous injection of STZ at a dose of 42mg/kg dissolved in citrate buffer. The water extract of paecilomyces japonica were orally administrated once a day for 7 days at a dose of 500mg/kg or 1,000mg/kg. The contents of serum glucose, triglyceride(TG), total cholesterol were significantly decreased in PJ treated group compared to the those of STZ-control group. The content of hepatic glycogen and activities of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase(G-6-PDH), glucokinase(GK) were significantly increased, but activity of glucose-6-phoshatase(G-6-Pase) was significantly decreased in PJ treated group compared to the those of STZ-control group. These results indicated that water extract of paecilomyces japonica would have antidiabetic and lipid metabolism effect in STZ-induced diabetic rats.

• Environmental Analysis Health and Toxicology
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.17-22
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• 2008

A rapid, inexpensive enzymatic method is proposed for indirect water quality testing in terms of heavy metal toxicity. The activity of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase was applied for heavy metal toxicity test as an effective criterion in water quality. The toxicity of Pb (lead) and Cd (cadmium) for water flea, Moina macrocopa, were evaluated for $2{\sim}8\;days$ with variables of mobilization ability. And the reproduction impairment of Moina macrocopa were investigated as the parameter of chronic toxicity twst for Pb and Cd. As a result, the $EC_{50}$ for immobilization of Moina macrocopa were Pb and Cd were 1.6749 and 0.4683, respectively. The values of reproducive impairment to Moina macrocopa for Pb and Cd were 9.5938 and 8.3264 in $EC_{50}$. A significant alteration of G6PDH (Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase) activity of Moina macrocopa was observed when Cd and Pb were treated in media. The results obtained indicate that G6PDH activity of Moina macrocopa can be used as an indicative parameter in aquatic toxicity tests for heavy metals.

• Journal of Food Hygiene and Safety
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• v.28 no.2
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• pp.89-94
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• 2013

The present study was undertaken to elucidate the mechanisms underlying the cholesterol-lowering effect of S-allylmercaptocysteine (SAMC) derived from aged garlic. Rat hepotocytes and HepG2 cells were used to determine the short-term effects of SAMC on [$^{14}C$] acetate incorporation into cholesterol, and several enzymatic steps. The cells were grown in Dulbecco's modified Eagle's medium supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum and treated with 20, 40, 60 and 80 ${\mu}g/ml$ of SAMC. At concentration of 20~40 ${\mu}g/ml$, no significant cells viability effect was noted during those incubation periods. However, at a concentration 60 ${\mu}g/ml$, cell viability decreased approximately 50% compared with the control. The treatment of cells with 5, 10, 15, and 20 ${\mu}g/ml$ of SAMC resulted in a marked of [$^{14}C$]-acetate incorporation into cholesterol. At concentration of 15 ${\mu}g/ml$, the cholesterol synthesis was inhibited 79% in cells. The activities of lipogenic enzymes, fatty acid synthase (FAS), and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G3PDH) were measured in culture hepatocytes treated with the inhibitors. The activity of FAS in cells treated with 0.95 nmol SAMC was 19% lower than that of nontreated cells, and no affected G6PDH activity, 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl Co A activity was decreased at concentration dependant manner. The present study demonstrates that SAMC is effective in inhibiting cholesterol biosynthesis.

• Journal of the Korean Applied Science and Technology
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• v.30 no.3
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• pp.394-399
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• 2013

This study was performed to investigate the antidiabetic study effect in ethanol extract of Ailanthicortex(A.C) radici in Streptozotocin(STZ)-induced diabetic rats. Diabetes was induced by intravenous injection of STZ at a dose of 45mg/kg dissolved in citrate buffer. The ethanol extract of A.C radici was orally administrated once a day for 7 days at a dose of 500mg/kg. The content of serum glucose, triglyceride(T.G), total cholesterol were significantly decreased in treated group compared to the those of STZ-control group. The content of hepatic glycogen and activity of glucokinase(GK) were significantly increased in treated group compared to the those of STZ-control group. but activity of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase(G-6-PDH) was significantly increased. These results indicated that ethanol extract of A.C would have antidiabetic effect in STZ-induced diabetic rats.

• Journal of the Korean Applied Science and Technology
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• v.28 no.3
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• pp.267-272
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• 2011

This study was carried to investigate the antidiabetic metabolism effect of water extract $Cordyceps$ $Militalis$(C.M.) in Streptozotocin(STZ) induced diabetic rats. Diabetes were induced by intravenous injection of STZ at a dose of 42mg/kg,b.w. dissolved in citrate buffer. The water extract of C.M. was orally administrated once a day for 7 days at a dose of 500mg/kg,b.w(body weight). or 1,000mg/kg.b.w. The content serum glucose was significantly decreased in C.M. treated group compared to the those of STZ-control group. The content of hepatic glycogen and activities of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase(G-6-PDH), glucokinase(GK) were significantly increased, but activity of glucose-6-phoshatase(G-6-Pase) was significantly decreased in C.M. treated group compared to the those of STZ-control group. These results indicated that water extract of C.M. would have antidiabetic metabolism effect in STZ-induced diabetic rats.

• Journal of the Korean Applied Science and Technology
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• v.30 no.2
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• pp.332-338
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• 2013

This study was carried to investigate the antidiabetic effect of ethanol extract of Smallanthus sonchifolius(S.S) in Streptozotocin(STZ)- induced diabetic rats. Diabetes was induced by intravenous injection of STZ at a dose of 43mg/kg dissolved in citrate buffer. The ethanol extract of S,S in leaves and root were orally administrated once a day for 7 days at a dose of 1,000mg/kg. The contents of serum glucose, triglyceride(TG), total cholesterol were significantly decreased in S.S treated group compared to the those of STZ-control group. The content of hepatic glycogen and activity of glucokinase(GK) were significantly increased,and activity of glucose-6-phoshatase(G-6-Pase) was significantly decreased in S.S treated group compared to the those of STZ-control group, but activity of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase(G-6-PDH) was not significantly increased, These results indicated that ethanol extract of S.S would have antidiabetic effect in STZ-induced diabetic rats.

• Journal of the Korean Applied Science and Technology
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.73-82
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• 2008

This study was done to investigate the antidiabetic and antioxidant effects of Lycii fructus in Streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats. Diabetes was induced by intravenous injection of STZ at a dose 45mg/kg.b.w. dissolved in citrate buffer(pH4.5). The ethanol extract of Lycii fructus was orally administrated once a day for 7 days. The contents of serum glucose, total cholesterol were significantly decreaed (p<0.05) in Lycii fructus treated group compared to the those of STZ-control group, also content of Triglyceride (TG), Altherogenic index (AI) were decreased, but not statistically significant. But high density lipoprotein (HDL)-cholesterol and HDL-cholesterol/total cholesterol ratio (HTR) were increased in Lycii fructus treated group compared to the those of STZ-control group. The content of hepatic glycogen and activities of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase(G-6PDH), glutathione-s-transferase(GST), superoxide dismutase(SOD) were significantly increased(p<0.05), glucose-6-phos-phatase(G-6pase)was significantly decreased(p<0.05) and The glutathione(GSH), glucokinase(GK) were increased. But not statistically significant In Lycii fructus treated group compared to the those of STZ-control group These results indicated that ethanol extract of Lycii fructus would have antidiabetic and antioxidant effects in STZ-induced diabetic rats.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
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• v.3 no.3
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• pp.200-207
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• 2009

This study examined the effects of com gluten (CG) and its hydrolysate consumptions on weight reduction in rats fed a high-fat diet. Eight-month-old male Sprague-Dawley rats (n=40) were fed a high-fat diet (40% calorie as fat) for 4 weeks. They were then randomly divided into four groups and fed the isocaloric diets with different protein sources for 8 weeks. The protein sources were casein (control group), intact CG (CG group), CG hydrolysate A (CGHA group, 30% of protein as peptides and 70% as free amino acids) and CG hydrolysate P (CGHP group, 93% of protein as peptides and 7% as free amino acids). Body weight gain, adipose tissue weights, nitrogen balance, absorptions of energy, protein and fat, lipid profiles in plasma, liver and feces and hepatic activities of camitine palmitoyl transferase (CPT), fatty acid synthase (FAS), malic enzyme (ME) and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PDH) were assessed. The CGHA diet had the highest amount of BCAAs, especially leucine, and most of them existed as free amino acid forms. The CGHA group showed significant weight reduction and negative nitrogen balance. Protein absorption and apparent protein digestibility in the CGHA group were significantly lower than those in other groups. Adipose tissue weights were the lowest in the CGHA group. Activity of CPT tended to be higher in the CGHA group than in other groups and those of FAS, ME and G6PDH were significantly lower in the CGHA group than in other groups. In conclusion, the CGHA diet which had relatively high amounts of free amino acids and BCAAs, especially leucine, had a weight reduction effect by lowering adipose tissue weight and the activities of FAS, ME and G6PDH in experimental animals, but it seemed to be a negative result induced by lowering protein absorption, increasing urinary nitrogen excretion and protein catabolism.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.42 no.8
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• pp.714-722
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• 2009

The principal objective of this study was to determine the effects of leucine on body weight reduction in high fat diet-induced overweight rats. To induce overweight, six-month-old male Sprague-Dawley rats (n = 80) were divided into 8 groups; one group of 10 rats was fed on a normal fat diet and the remaining 70 rats were fed on a high-fat diet (40% of energy as fat) for 14 weeks. Then, 10 rats fed on the normal fat diet and another 10 rats fed on the high fat diet were sacrificed to identify overweight induction. The remaining 60 rats were divided randomly into 6 groups according to body weight and fed on one of the diets with different dietary fat levels (9.6% or 40% of energy as fat) and leucine levels (0, 0.6 or 1.2 g/kg BW) for the following 5 weeks of experiments. The body weight loss in the Leu-administered groups (0.6 g, 1.2 g/kg BW) was significantly higher than those of Leu non-administered groups. The perirenal fat pad weights in the Leu-administered groups were significantly lower than those of the Leu non-administered groups. Of the hepatic enzymes, glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PDH) activities were reduced significantly in the Leu-administered groups than in the Leu non-administered groups. With the oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT), the incremental areas under the curve of the glucose response (IAUC) of the Leu-administered groups were significantly lower than those of the Leu non-administered groups. The fasting glucose concentration and HOMA-IR of the Leu-administered groups were significantly lower than those of the Leu non-administered groups. In conclusion, the results of this study suggest that one of the possible mechanisms of leucine in the observed body weight reduction might involve the inhibition of lipogenic enzyme activities such as glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, rather than the activation of lipolysis enzymes. Additionally, leucine adminstration resulted in improved glucose metabolism.