• Korean Journal of Mathematics
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• 제5권2호
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• pp.113-118
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• 1997

According to the Bernoulli-Euler theory of elastic rods the bending energy of the wire is proportional to the total squared curvature of ${\gamma}$, which we will denote by $F({\gamma})=\int_{\gamma}k^2ds$. If the result of J.Langer and D.Singer [3] extend to knotted elastic curve, then we obtain the following. Let {${\gamma},M$} be a closed knotted elastic curve. If the curvature of ${\gamma}$ is nonzero for everywhere, then ${\gamma}$ lies on torus.

• East Asian mathematical journal
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.303-308
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• 2001

Let K($z,\gamma$) denote the euclidean curvature of the curve $\gamma$ at the point z. Flinn and Osgood proved that if f is a univalent mapping of the open unit disk D={z:|z|<1} into itself with f(0)=0 and |f'(0)|<1, then $K(0,\gamma){\leq}K(0,f\;o\;\gamma)$ for any $C^2$ curve $\gamma$ on D through the origin with $K(0,\gamma){\geq}4$. In this paper we establish a generalization of the Flinn-Osgood Monotonicity Theorem.

• East Asian mathematical journal
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• 제23권2호
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• pp.213-227
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• 2007

In this paper the concept of fuzzy nearly C-compactness is introduced in Generalized fuzzy topological spaces. Several characterizations and some interesting properties of these spaces in Generalized fuzzy topological spaces are discussed. The properties of fuzzy almost continuous and fuzzy almost open functions in Generalized fuzzy topological spaces are also studied.

• East Asian mathematical journal
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.75-84
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• 2002

The third important Euler-Mascheroni constant $\gamma$, like $\pi$ and e, is involved in representations, evaluations, and purely relationships among other mathematical constants and functions, in various ways. The main object of this note is to summarize some known series representaions for $\gamma$ with comments for their proofs, and to point out that one of those series representaions for $\gamma$ seems to be incorrectly recorded. A brief historical comment for $\gamma$ is also provided.

• 한국지능시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국퍼지및지능시스템학회 2006년도 추계학술대회 학술발표 논문집 제16권 제2호
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• pp.149-152
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• 2006

By generalizing the definition of B. S. Zhong, we introduce the concept of fuzzy weakly ${\gamma}-semicontinuous$ maps in fuzzy topology of Chattopadhyay. Then the concept introduced by B. S. Zhong become special case of our definition. Also, we show that fuzzy weakly ${\gamma}-semicontinuity$ and fuzzy weakly ${\gamma}-continuity$ are independent notions.

• Advances in materials Research
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• 제2권2호
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• pp.93-98
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• 2013

Objective of this study is to calculate gamma buildup factors for pointed and isotropic gamma sources in depleted uranium, uranium dioxide, natural uranium, tin, water and concrete using MCNP4C code. The thickness of the media ranges from 0.5 to 10 mean-free-path (mfp) and gamma energy ranges from 0.5 to 10 MeV. Owing to the outstanding accuracy of MCNP in calculation involving gamma interaction, results fairly match those reported previously. The maximum relative error is 2%.

• Journal of the Optical Society of Korea
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• 제19권3호
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• pp.237-240
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• 2015

We derived the average bit error rate (BER) of coherent free-space optical (FSO) systems with digital binary phase shift keying (BPSK) modulations over atmospheric turbulence channels with a gamma-gamma distribution. To obtain a generalized derivation in a closed-form expression, we used special integrals and transformations of the Meijer G function. Furthermore, we numerically analyzed and simulated the average BER behavior according to the average SNR for different turbulence strengths. Simulation results are demonstrated to confirm the analytical results.

• 대한수의학회지
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.9-13
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• 1975

In oder to investigate the effects of cobalt-60 gamma irradiation on the postnatal body gains and the other influece of the pregnant mice were subjected to single whole-body gamma irradiation externally. The results obtained were as follows: 1. The all mice of 400, 600, and 800 Rads gamma-irradiated groups showed abortion after prenatal gamma irradiation within 4 to 9 days. 2. There were significant differences of the postnatal body gains of mice between the control and treated groups (100 Rads and 200 Rads gamma irradiation). 3. The relation between gamma-irradiated doses and the postnatal growth rates of mice were inversly proportional.

• 대한수학회지
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• 제52권4호
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• pp.869-889
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• 2015

Let ${\Gamma}^+$ be the positive cone in a totally ordered abelian group ${\Gamma}$, and ${\alpha}$ an action of ${\Gamma}^+$ by extendible endomorphisms of a $C^*$-algebra A. Suppose I is an extendible ${\alpha}$-invariant ideal of A. We prove that the partial-isometric crossed product $\mathcal{I}:=I{\times}^{piso}_{\alpha}{\Gamma}^+$ embeds naturally as an ideal of $A{\times}^{piso}_{\alpha}{\Gamma}^+$, such that the quotient is the partial-isometric crossed product of the quotient algebra. We claim that this ideal $\mathcal{I}$ together with the kernel of a natural homomorphism $\phi:A{\times}^{piso}_{\alpha}{\Gamma}^+{\rightarrow}A{\times}^{iso}_{\alpha}{\Gamma}^+$ gives a composition series of ideals of $A{\times}^{piso}_{\alpha}{\Gamma}^+$ studied by Lindiarni and Raeburn.

• 대한수학회지
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• 제53권2호
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• pp.305-313
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• 2016

In this paper, we give several sufficient conditions ensuring that any positive radial solution (u, v) of the following ${\gamma}$-Laplacian systems in the whole space ${\mathbb{R}}^n$ has the components symmetry property $u{\equiv}v$ $$\{\array{-div({\mid}{\nabla}u{\mid}^{{\gamma}-2}{\nabla}u)=f(u,v)\text{ in }{\mathbb{R}}^n,\\-div({\mid}{\nabla}v{\mid}^{{\gamma}-2}{\nabla}v)=g(u,v)\text{ in }{\mathbb{R}}^n.}$$ Here n > ${\gamma}$, ${\gamma}$ > 1. Thus, the systems will be reduced to a single ${\gamma}$-Laplacian equation: $$-div({\mid}{\nabla}u{\mid}^{{\gamma}-2}{\nabla}u)=f(u)\text{ in }{\mathbb{R}}^n$$. Our proofs are based on suitable comparation principle arguments, combined with properties of radial solutions.