• Child Studies in Asia-Pacific Contexts
• /
• v.3 no.2
• /
• pp.139-158
• /
• 2013

The present study investigated the direct and interactive effects of children's temperament and mothers' reactions to hypothetical vignettes of children's aggression on 3- to 6-year-old children's overt aggression (OA) and relational aggression (RA). A total of 317 mothers of 3- to 6-year-old children and 26 teachers from eight day-care centers and kindergartens were contacted. Each mother reported her child's background, assessed her child's temperament and responded to the Mothers' Reaction to Hypothetical Vignettes of Children's Aggression (MRCA) scale. Children's OA and RA were assessed by teachers. Results showed that high levels of children's surgency predicted children's OA and RA. Although mothers' reactions did not predict children's OA and RA directly, significant interactions indicated that mothers' restrictive reactions were more strongly related to children's OA for children with high levels of surgency and low levels of effortful control. In addition, mothers' responsive reactions were more strongly related to children's OA for children with low levels of surgency. This study demonstrates that relative contributions of children's temperament and mothers' reactions differ according to the form of children's aggression. It also shows that certain types and levels of mothers' reactions to children's aggressive behavior can be critical for children with certain types and levels of temperament in developing children's overt aggression. The findings of this study can be applied to building early prevention and future intervention programs for young children's aggression.

• Journal of Families and Better Life
• /
• v.25 no.4
• /
• pp.139-149
• /
• 2007

This study investigated the effect of the children's perceived parenting behaviors on their aggression. Subjects were 309 (156 boys and 153 girls) 5th and 6th grade elementary school children living in Jellanamdo. The questionnaire for the children's parenting behavior evaluation and their aggression was used. The data were analyzed by frequencies, Cronbach' ${\alpha}$, t-test and multiple regression. Results showed that the children perceived their parents affectionately and rationally and especially, they perceived their mother affectionately and rationally than their father. Meantime, the children perceived their aggression at a low level on the whole. Parenting behavior and children's aggression differed according to the gender. Fathers' coercive and mothers' permissive parenting predicted the children's proactive aggression. Fathers' coercive, affective and mother's aggression-compensatory parenting predicted children's reactive aggression. Fathers' coercive parenting was only significant predictor for the children's relational aggression and fathers' coercive, aggression- compensatory parenting predicted children's total aggression. Fathers' participation for reducing children's aggression was discussed.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
• /
• v.48 no.1
• /
• pp.55-66
• /
• 2010

The purpose of this study was to investigate the role of variables on young children's external aggression and relational aggression. Specifically, young children's temperaments and gender differences, parental marital conflicts, fathers' anti-social behaviors, mothers' child-rearing behaviors and psychological characteristics were studied. The findings of the study were as follows: Firstly, it was found that male children exhibited a higher level of external aggression than female children, while there was no significant difference between male and female children in terms of relational aggression. Secondly, analysis of variables such as children's temperaments and domestic environments revealed that fathers' anti-social behaviors, the adaptability of young children's temperaments and mothers' depression tendency have significant explanatory adequacies for young children's relational aggression. Furthermore, gender difference adaptability, activity and emotionality of young children's temperaments, in addition to parental marital conflicts, also have significant explanatory adequacies for young children's external aggression.

• Korean Journal of Human Ecology
• /
• v.23 no.4
• /
• pp.599-611
• /
• 2014

The purposes of this study were (1) to explore the gender differences in children's overt aggression and relational aggression and (2) to investigate the effects of preschool children's gender, temperament, emotional regulation, and maternal parenting stress on overt aggression and relational aggression. The participants were 173 preschool children and their mothers from three day care center and two kindergarten in Seoul and Gyeong-gi province. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, t-test, correlations, and multiple regressions. The results were as follows: (1) There was statistically significant gender difference in preschool children's overt aggression, but there was statistically no significant gender difference in preschool children's relational aggression. Boys displayed more overt aggression than girls. (2) Preschool children's emotional regulation and activity explained children's overt aggression and relational aggression. When preschool children expressed more emotional regulation, they showed less overt aggression and relational aggression. Preschool children, who perceived having more activity from mothers, diaplayed more overt aggression and relational aggression. Gender was found to affect preschool children's overt aggression.

• Journal of Families and Better Life
• /
• v.27 no.2
• /
• pp.173-189
• /
• 2009

The purpose of this study was to find and provide the prevention method by examining the Effects of Maternal Negative Behaviors and Children's Attachment Stability on Children's Aggression. The subjects were 339 children of fifth or sixth graders in Seoul. The questionnaires were derived and modified from Young Ae Park (1995) for the maternal negative behavior, Children's attachment stability from Ok Jung (1998) and Children's aggression from In Sun Jung(2006). The date were analyzed with descriptive statistics, t-test, F-test, Pearson's correlations and hierarchical multiple regression by SPSS 14.0 program. The major findings were as follows : First, the result showed there was average level of negative relationship when mother's negative behavior was compared with children's attachment whereas it showed average level of positive relationship in aggression. And also, low level of negative relationship showed between the attachment and aggression. Second, studying the influence it gives to the children's reaction and aggression after adding the children, parent and the family's popular social variables into the maternal's negative behavior, the outcomes showed the maternal's discipline and defiance upbringing had influenced the highest and tolerance, negligence was second high. This study mainly looked at the relationship between the maternal negative behavior with the children's attachment and aggression, but not like the nations pre.studied results, changes in human relation were examined with identifying the main several factors that bring greatest influence to the children's attachment and aggression. In conclusion, the children's attachment and aggression's the cause of the children's attachment and aggression were mainly from the maternal discipline and defiance upbringing. Based on this conclusion, it is essential for the maternal to have a sound discipline with right minds for endeavor to bring up the children with bring minds with less aggression and composed attachment.

• Human Ecology Research
• /
• v.53 no.5
• /
• pp.567-580
• /
• 2015

This study examines the relation of marital conflict, co-parenting, and children's aggression and the mediating role of co-parenting between marital conflict and children's aggression. Participants consisted of 380 elementary school fifth, sixth graders (152 male and 228 female students) and their mothers from Seoul, Gyeonggi-do, and Gyeongsangnam-do. Children completed questionnaires on marital conflict and the mothers completed questionnaires on co-parenting and children's aggression. The collected data were analyzed using basic descriptive statistics, Pearson correlation coefficients, and a multiple regression analysis. The Baron and Kenny's method was used to determine the mediating model's significance. It was adapted to SPSS ver. 20.0 for Windows. The major findings were as follows: first, the marital conflict (intensity/resolution) positively influenced children's aggression. Second, supportive co-parenting negatively influenced children's aggression. In addition, the marital conflict (frequency/resolution) negatively influenced co-parenting. Co-parenting (supportive/reprehensive) also played a perfectly mediating role between marital conflict and children's aggression. Marital conflict had an indirect influence through co-parenting on the children's aggression. The results indicate that co-parenting plays a crucial role in the relationship between marital conflict and children's aggression.

• Journal of Fisheries and Marine Sciences Education
• /
• v.24 no.3
• /
• pp.424-435
• /
• 2012

This study aimed to examine the influences of children's sex and the social information interpretation(intentional/incidental) on aggressions (form/function). The subjects were 363 fifth and sixth graders from 6 elementary schools in Busan and the data were analyzed with two-way ANOVA. The research findings were as follows: First, children's sex had significant influence upon their overt aggression, and children's interpretation of social information had significant influences upon their overt aggression and relational aggression alike. Second, children's sex and interpretation of social information had significant influences upon their proactive aggression and reactive aggression. Finally, children's sex had significant influences upon proactive-overt aggression, reactive-overt aggression and proactive-relational aggression.

• Korean Journal of Human Ecology
• /
• v.20 no.5
• /
• pp.927-940
• /
• 2011

This study examined the effects of children's negative emotionality, emotional regulation, and maternal parenting behaviors on their relational and overt aggression. The participants were 355 children(174 boys, 181 girls; aged 4-5 years old) and their mothers. The teachers completed rating scales to measure the children's aggression and emotion regulation. The children's negative emotionality and maternal parenting behaviors were assessed by a mother reported questionnaire. The collected data was analyzed using descriptive statistics, t-tests, correlations, and hierarchical multiple regressions. Results showed that Children's negative emotionality was positively related to their relational and overt aggression. Children's emotional regulation had a negative relation to their relational and overt aggression. Mother's limit-setting and rejection-neglect was significantly related to children's relational aggression, whereas mother's warmth-encouragement and rejection-neglect was negatively related to children's overt aggression. Hierarchical regression analysis indicated that the interaction of children's negative emotionality and mother's overprotection-permission predicted children's overt aggression. Children's negative emotionality, whose mothers demonstrated middle and high level of overprotection-permission, was associated significantly with overt aggression. In addition, the association between mother's parenting behaviors and children's aggressions were mediated by their emotion regulation. The findings point to similarities and differences between relational and overt aggression in relation to children's negative emotionality, emotional regulation and maternal parenting behaviors.

• Journal of Families and Better Life
• /
• v.22 no.4
• /
• pp.115-126
• /
• 2004

The purpose of this study was to examine the relationships among parents' marital conflict perceived by school-aged children, children's aggression, and peer harassment six hundred thirty seven 5th and 6th graders (306 girls and 331 boys) participated in this study. Each participant completed a children's perception of parental conflict scale, a children's aggression scale, and a peer harassment scale. Major findings of this study are as follows: 1) In terms of physical harassment, boys were bullied and victimized more than girls. 2) Children's aggression was positively related to the physical and relational peer harassment. Parents' marital conflict was positively related to children's aggression. There was a statistically significant relationship between parents marital conflict and physical and relational peer harassment. 3) Parents' marital conflict and children's aggression influenced physical and relational harassment for both boys and girls.

• The Korean Journal of Community Living Science
• /
• v.21 no.1
• /
• pp.125-138
• /
• 2010

This study examined the effects of a meditation program using picture books as a method of reducing young children's aggression. Data was taken from a sample of 60 four-to five-year-old children in daycare centers. This study employed a pre/post-test controlgroup design. All children of each daycare center were assigned to an experimental group(meditation program using picture books) or control group(general music meditation program). All variables were measured by the mothers and teachers of the observed children and the collected data were analyzed by independent and paired t-test. The main results of this study are as follows. Firstly, the meditation program using picture books and general music meditation program were all effective in reducing young children's aggression (aggression against things, aggression against others, verbal aggressin and total aggression) perceived by their teachers, that is, aggression against things, aggression against others and verbal aggression. Secondly, the meditation program using picture books was more effective than general music meditation program in reducing young children's aggression perceived by teachers. Thirdly, the meditation program using picture books was effective in reducing only young children's verbal aggression perceived by their mothers.