• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.31 no.3
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• pp.521-526
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• 2002

A number of experimental and epidemiological studies have implicated that antiestrogenic effects of estrogen-like compounds in legumes and plant seeds are responsible for lowering breast cancer risk in human. However, few studies have been conducted to illustrate the possible chemopreventive effects of Korean traditional food materials. This study was performed to determine the cytotoxic and apoptotic effects of yellow soybeans, black soybeans and brown rice extracts on hormone-dependent and hormone-independent human breast cancer cells. Methanol-or acetone-soluble fractions of soybeans or brown rice were incubated with hormone-dependent cells (MCF-7) or hormone-independent cells (MDA-MB-231). Cell cytotoxicity was measured by MTT assay at 24, 48 and 72 hrs of incubation. Apoptotic effects of these extracts toward breast cancer cells were also determined at 48 hrs of incubation by measuring DNA fragmentation. Results indicated that the acetone-soluble fraction of brown rice exerted strongest cytotoxic effect on MCF-7 ceIls, although other fractions also reduced the number of viable MCF-7 cells after 48 hrs of incubation. Both acetone and methanol soluble fractions of all samples exerted a significant cytotoxicity towards MDA-MB-231 cells after 24 hrs of incubation, and acetone and methanol soluble fractions of brown rice were especially effective in these cells. At 48 hrs of incubation, methanol fractions of all three samples induced apopotosis of MDA-MB-231 cells. These results indicate methaol or acetone soluble fractions of yellow soybeans, black soybeans and brown rice induce cytotoxicity in both hormone-dependent and hormone-independent breast cancer cells. Therefore, possible mechanisms of cell cytotoxicity do not necessarily include antiestrogenic effects of soybean or brown rice extract. A possible anticarcinogenic effect of brown rice methanol-soluble fraction may mediated through their apoptotic effect. Further studies are requried to elucidate responsible compounds and mechanisms involved in observed anticarcinogenesis.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.31 no.5
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• pp.905-909
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• 2002

This study was peformed to determine the anticarcinogenic activity of the Solanum tuberosum Peel (SP) on several microorganisms and human cancer cell lines. Among the various solvent fractions of SP, the ethylether Partition layer (SPMEE) showed the strongest antimicrobial activity, ethylacetate partition layer (SPMEA) and butanol partition layer (SPMB) resulted in good antimicrobial activity. We also determined the effect of SP extract and fractions on cytotoxicity, and chemopreventive effect on human cancer cells. The experiment was conducted to determine cytotoxicity of SP partition layers on HepG2, HeLa and MCF-7 cells by MTT assay. Among the various partition layers of SP, SPMEE and SPW were showed the strongest cytotoxic effects on all cancer cell lines. The quinone reductase induced activities of HepG2 cell, the butanol partition layer (SPMB) at a does of 40 $\mu\textrm{g}$/mL was 8.49 times more effective compared to the control value of 1.0. This value was significantly higher than that of previous results using the other materials. Therefore, based on these studies, SP may be developed into a potentially useful antimicrobial and anticarcinogenic agents.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.38 no.2
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• pp.142-145
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• 2009

The cytotoxic activity against human cancer cells and anti-tumor effect in Balb/c mice of a 70% ethanol extract from masou salmon (MSE) was investigated. The cancer cell lines including human breast adenocarcinoma (MCF-7), human lung carcinoma (A549), human hepatoblastoma (HepG2), human gastric carcinoma (AGS), human cervical adenocarcinoma (HeLa) and transformed primary human embryonal kidney (293) exposed to MSE decreased cell viability as indicated by the MTT assay. The MSE shows significant cytotoxicity on MCF-7, A549, HepG2, AGS and HeLa cells, and are more active than 293 cells. The treatment with 1 mg/mL MSE resulted in 9.2%, 12.7%, 16.6%, and 16.9% cell survival against A549, MCF-7, HepG2, and AGS cells, respectively. Moreover, anticancer effect in vivo of MSE was tested in the animal system using Balb/c mice transplanted sarcoma-180 cells. MSE showed inhibition of tumor growth and the rate of inhibition was 44.7% and 55.7% at the 25 mg/kg body weight and 250 mg/kg body weight, respectively. Thus, we suggest that MSE could be a beneficial material for human cancer prevention.

• YAKHAK HOEJI
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• v.38 no.1
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• pp.6-11
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• 1994

The MeOH extract of the fruits of Melia toosendan was selected for futher study by its cytotoxicity and effect on the human breast cancer cell line, MCF-7. The active principle obtained by activity guided fractionation followed by purification gave rise to a needle crystal. The structure was deduced by employing NMR and was determined to be identical with 28-deacetyl sendanin by comparison with published data. This compound induced morphological change of MCF-7 to be rounded with tubule at concentrations between $50\;{\mu}g/ml$ and $0.025\;{\mu}g/ml$. This compound, however, showed strong cytotoxic effect on Hepalclc7 and HepG2, and their $GI_{50}$ on the hepatoma cell lines were $0.238\;{\mu}g/ml$ and $0.805\;{\mu}g/ml$, respectively. Its effect on lymphocyte of mouse was stronger than hepatoma cell lines, and their $ED_{50}$ of polyclonal antibody response was $0.011\;{\mu}g/ml$, and $ED_{50}$ of cell viability was $0.039\;{\mu}g/ml$.

• YAKHAK HOEJI
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• v.43 no.5
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• pp.559-565
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• 1999

The two gericudranin E derivatives, GER-I & II, were synthesized and evaluated their antitumour activities for the elucidation of structure-activity relationship. 2,4,6-Trihydroxyacetophenone was converted to target molecules GER-I and GER-B in 5 steps via sequential protection, aldol condensation, Michael type-cyclization, regioselective C-benzylation. The cellular growth inhibition of compounds GER-I and GER-II were investigated against P388, L1210, K562, HCT-15, SK-HepG-1, MCF-7 as cancer cell lines and mouse splenocytes as a normal cell by MTT assay.

• Preventive Nutrition and Food Science
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• v.10 no.3
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• pp.257-261
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• 2005

Marine sponges are known to produce a number of cytotoxic secondary metabolites. In the course of searching for cytotoxic metabolites from marine organisms, we have evaluated cytotoxic activities of six marine secondary metabolites isolated from various sponges. The cytotoxic compounds 1-6 were isolated by the application of various chromatographic methods, including column chromatography and HPLC. The molecular structures were mostly determined using mass spectrometry (MS) and Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) Spectroscopy. Furanosestererpenes (compounds 1-3) from Psammocinia sp., cyclitol derivatives (compounds 4 and 5) from Sarcotragus sp., and bromotyrosine-type compound (6) from an association of two sponges Jaspis wondoensis and Poecillastra wondoensis were evaluated for their cytotoxic activity against three cancer cell lines; Hep G2, HeLa, and MCF-7. All tested compounds exhibited cyctoxicity at concentrations ranging from $5\;\mug/mL\;to\;25\;\mug/mL.$ Particularly, among the tested compounds, compound 6 showed the highest potency displaying at least $80\%$ of cytotoxicity at $5\;\mug/mL$ level against all three cancer cell lines.

• Food Science and Biotechnology
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• v.14 no.6
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• pp.709-714
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• 2005

Alteration of molecular markers related to apoptosis of in vivo normal system and in vitro cancerous system by soy-isoflavonoid with estrogen was investigated. Down-regulation of Bcl-2 was accompanied by decreased expression of COX-2 (cyclooxygenase-2) in mature female rats treated with soy-isoflavonoid and estrogen. In ovariectomized rat system, Bax was regulated by higher concentration of soy treatment. Bax up-regulation by soy-isoflavonoid genistein treatment was observed in MCF-7 mammary cancer cell system. Estrogen without soy induced similar pattern of Bax expression as soy-isoflavonoid in vivo, but exhibited opposite trend in vitro. These findings suggest soy-isoflavonoid may have potential to induce apoptosis at higher concentrations through up-regulation of Bax or down-regulation of Bcl-2 expressions depending on normal or cancerous state, and physiological status of rats.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.17 no.6 s.86
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• pp.778-782
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• 2007

The Diphenyleneiodonium (DPI) is widely used as an inhibitor of flavoenzymes, particularly NADPH oxidase. In this study, we investigated the effect of DPI on the cell growth progression of human colon cancer cells HCT-116 (wild-type p53), HT-29 (p53 mutant) and human breast cancer cells MCF-7 (wild-type p53). DPI treatment in cancer cells evoked a dose- and time-dependent growth inhibition, and also induced the cell cycle arrest in C2/M phase. The peak of cell population arrested in C2/M phase was observed at12 hr after treatment of DPI. In addition, DPI significantly induced the expression of p53, which induces proapoptotic genes in response to DNA damage or irreparable cell cycle arrest, at 6 hr in DPI-stimulated cells. However, a catechol apocynin, which inhibits the assembly of NADPH oxidase, did not induce p53 expression. This suggest that p53 expression induced by DPI is not associated with the inhibition of NADPH oxidase. In conclusion, we suggest that DPI induces the expression of wild-type p53 by ROS-in-dependent mechanism in several cancer cells, and upregulated p53 may be involved in regulatory mechanisms for growth inhibition and cell cycle arrest at C2/M phase in DPI-stimulated cells.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.34 no.6
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• pp.771-775
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• 2005

The growth inhibitory effects on human cancer cell lines provide useful information regarding critical cellular targets. Reports on cytotoxicity of Gloiopeltis furcata (GF) to human cancer cell lines are conflicting. This study was performed to investigate the effects of cytotoxicity and quinone reductase activity of Gloiopeltis furcata on the human cancer cells. The four partition layers of methanol extracts (GFM) which are hexane (GFMH), methanol (GFMM), butanol (GFMB) and aquous (GFMA) were screened for their cytotoxic effects on HepG2, HeLa, MCF-7, HT-29, and normal liver cell lines. The GFMM showed the strongest growth inhibition effect on all cell lines we used. the GFMM showed the highest induction activity of quinone reductase on HepG2 cells among the other partition layers.

• Molecules and Cells
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• v.37 no.11
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• pp.812-818
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• 2014

This study was to investigate the mechanism and role of Kif4A in doxorubicin-induced apoptosis in breast cancer. Using two human breast cancer cell lines MCF-7 (with wild-type p53) and MDA-MB-231 (with mutant p53), we quantitated the expression levels of kinesin super-family protein 4A (Kif4A) and poly (ADP-ribose) Polymerase-1 (PARP-1) by Western blot after doxorubicin treatment and examined the apoptosis by flow cytometry after treatment with doxorubicin and PARP-1 inhibitor, 3-Aminobenzamide (3-ABA). Our results showed that doxorubicin treatment could induce the apoptosis of MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 cells, the down-regulation of Kif4A and upregulation of poly(ADP-ribose) (PAR). The activity of PARP-1 or PARP-1 activation was significantly elevated by doxorubicin treatment in dose- and time-dependent manners (P < 0.05), while doxorubicin treatment only slightly elevated the level of cleaved fragments of PARP-1 (P > 0.05). We further demonstrated that overexpression of Kif4A could reduce the level of PAR and significantly increase apoptosis. The effect of doxorubicin on apoptosis was more profound in MCF-7 cells compared with MDA-MB-231 cells (P < 0.05). Taken together, our results suggest that the novel role of Kif4A in doxorubicin-induced apoptosis in breast cancer cells is achieved by inhibiting the activity of PARP-1.