• Title/Summary/Keyword: blocking oxide

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Designed of rPP/d2w®/ZnO Nanocomposite Flexible Film for Food Packaging and Characterization on Mechanical and Antimicrobial Properties (산화분해촉매를 함유한 rPP/ZnO 나노컴포지트 유연식품포장필름 제조 및 물성 특성 연구)

  • Lee, Jin-kyoung;Gil, Bo-min;Lee, Dong-jin;Lee, Ik-mo
    • KOREAN JOURNAL OF PACKAGING SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
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    • v.24 no.1
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    • pp.1-11
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    • 2018
  • In this study, pro-oxidant($d2w^{(R)}$) and rPP/ZnO nanocomposite flexible films for food packaging were prepared, and their mechanical and antimicrobial properties were investigated. As a result, the carbonyl index and hydroxyl index increased with exposured time to heat and UV rays. Surface analysis showed that the addition of zinc oxide improved the dispersibility and compatibility of the polymer, so that the surface of the composite film was smooth and the zinc oxide particles were smaller than the compared film. And it kept the physical properties by heat and UV ray blocking effect, and it worked to reduce decomposition. In the antimicrobial activity test, the microbial reduction rate was 3 logs or more at the use concentration of zinc oxide. The tensile strength was increased and the elongation was decreased. Oxidative degradability of multi-layered film in UV exposured for 72 hours, the molecular weight of the film decreased by 75.6%, 1,294 g/mol Mn and 5,920 g/mol Mw. In the safety analysis of food packaging materials, we obtained that are in standard of polypropylene, a food contact material of domestic law.

Simulation and Fabrication Studies of Semi-superjunction Trench Power MOSFETs by RSO Process with Silicon Nitride Layer

  • Na, Kyoung Il;Kim, Sang Gi;Koo, Jin Gun;Kim, Jong Dae;Yang, Yil Suk;Lee, Jin Ho
    • ETRI Journal
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    • v.34 no.6
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    • pp.962-965
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    • 2012
  • In this letter, we propose a new RESURF stepped oxide (RSO) process to make a semi-superjunction (semi-SJ) trench double-diffused MOSFET (TDMOS). In this new process, the thick single insulation layer ($SiO_2$) of a conventional device is replaced by a multilayered insulator ($SiO_2/SiN_x/TEOS$) to improve the process and electrical properties. To compare the electrical properties of the conventional RSO TDMOS to those of the proposed TDMOS, that is, the nitride_RSO TDMOS, simulation studies are performed using a TCAD simulator. The nitride_RSO TDMOS has superior properties compared to those of the RSO TDMOS, in terms of drain current and on-resistance, owing to a high nitride permittivity. Moreover, variations in the electrical properties of the nitride_RSO TDMOS are investigated using various devices, pitch sizes, and thicknesses of the insulator. Along with an increase of the device pitch size and the thickness of the insulator, the breakdown voltage slowly improves due to a vertical field plate effect; however, the drain current and on-resistance degenerate, owing to a shrinking of the drift width. The nitride_RSO TDMOS is successfully fabricated, and the blocking voltage and specific on-resistance are 108 V and $1.1m{\Omega}cm^2$, respectively.

Cobalt Redox Electrolytes in Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells : Overview and Perspectives (염료감응 태양전지용 코발트 전해질의 최신 연구동향 및 전망)

  • Kwon, Young Jin;Kim, Hwan Kyu
    • Current Photovoltaic Research
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    • v.2 no.1
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    • pp.18-27
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    • 2014
  • Dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs), developed two decades ago, are considered to be an attractive technology among various photovoltaic devices because of their low cost, accessible dye chemistry, ease of fabrication, high power conversion efficiency, and environmentally friendly nature. A typical DSSCs consists of a dye-coated $TiO_2$ photoanode, a redox electrolyte, and a platinum (Pt)-coated fluorine-doped tin oxide (FTO) counter electrode. Among them, redox electrolytes have proven to be extremely important in improving the performance of DSSCs. Due to many drawbacks of iodide electrolytes, many research groups have paid more attention to seeking other alternative electrolyte systems. With regard to this, one-electron outer sphere redox shuttles based on cobalt complexes have shown promising results: In 2014, porphyrin dye (SM315) with the cobalt (II/III) redox couple exhibited a power conversion efficiency of 13% in DSSCs. In this review, we will provide an overview and perspectives of cobalt redox electrolytes in DSSCs.

Enhancement of nonvolatile memory of performance using CRESTED tunneling barrier and high-k charge trap/bloking oxide layers (Engineered tunnel barrier가 적용되고 전화포획층으로 $HfO_2$를 가진 비휘발성 메모리 소자의 특성 향상)

  • Park, Goon-Ho;You, Hee-Wook;Oh, Se-Man;Kim, Min-Soo;Jung, Jong-Wan;Lee, Young-Hie;Chung, Hong-Bay;Cho, Won-Ju
    • Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers Conference
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    • 2009.06a
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    • pp.415-416
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    • 2009
  • The tunnel barrier engineered charge trap flash (TBE-CTF) non-volatile memory using CRESTED tunneling barrier was fabricated by stacking thin $Si_3N_4$ and $SiO_2$ dielectric layers. Moreover, high-k based $HfO_2$ charge trap layer and $Al_2O_3$ blocking layer were used for further improvement of the NVM (non-volatile memory) performances. The programming/erasing speed, endurance and data retention of TBE-CTF memory was evaluated.

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Uncaria sinensis(OIi.) Havil Suppressendotoxin-induced Proinflammatory Responses through Blocking ERK Signaling Pathways

  • Park, Tai-Guang;Moon, Hyung-Cheal;Cho, Hae-Joong;Seo, Sang-Wan;Jung, Won-Sek;Song, Ho-Joon;Park, Sung-Joo
    • Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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    • v.21 no.5
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    • pp.1297-1302
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    • 2007
  • Uncaria sinensis(OIi.) Havil (USH) is used in traditional Korean medicine to treat inflammation such as amebic dysentery. In this study, we investigated the anti-inflammatory effect of USH. The water extract of USH significantly inhibits lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced nitrite oxide (NO), tumor necrosis factor $(TNF)-{\alpha}$, interleukin (IL)-6and IL-12 productions in murine peritoneal macrophages. Furthermore, USH selectively inhibited activation of the extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) but not of p38 MAPK, c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) and nuclear $factor-{\kappa}B$ $(NF-{\kappa}B)$. In murine model, we found that administration of USH reduced serum levels of $TNF-{\alpha}$, IL-6 and IL-12 productions in LPS-treated mice. Our results suggest that USH exerts ant-inflammatory effects in macrophages via inhibition of ERK activation and may be a useful therapeutic approach to inflammatory diseases.

Pretreatment of Macrophages with Paclitaxel Inhibits iNOS Expression

  • Li Mei-Hong;Kang Jong-Soon;Kim Hwan-Mook;Jeon Young-Jin
    • Toxicological Research
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    • v.22 no.2
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    • pp.103-107
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    • 2006
  • We demonstrate that paclitaxel, an antitumor agent derived from yew tree, inhibits LPS-induced expression of iNOS gene in RAW 264.7 cells. Previously, paclitaxel has been known to induce iNOS gene expression in macrophages. However, in this report we described that the pre-treatment of macrophages with paclitaxel ($0.1{\mu}M$) for 8 h inhibited LPS-induced iNOS gene expression. Pretreatment of RAW 264.7 cells with paclitaxel significantly inhibited LPS-stimulated nitric oxide (NO) production. Western immunoblot of iNOS and RT-PCR analysis showed that the decrease of NO was due to the inhibition of iNOS gene expression in RAW 264.7 cells. Immunocytochemical staining of iNOS further confirmed that pretreatment of macrophages with paclitaxel inhibited macrophage activation. Electrophoretic mobility shift assay showed that paclitaxel inhibited $NF-_{\kappa}/Rel$ DNA binding. Collectively, these series of experiments indicate that paclitaxel inhibits iNOS gene expression by blocking $NF-_{\kappa}B/Rel$ activation.

High Voltage Ti/4H-SiC Schottky Rectifiers (고전압 Ti/4H-SiC 쇼트키 장벽 다이오드 제작 및 특성분석)

  • Kim, C.K.;Yang, S.J.;Lee, J.H.;Noh, I.H.;Cho, N.I.;Kim, N.K.;Kim, E.D.
    • Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers Conference
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    • 2002.07b
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    • pp.834-838
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    • 2002
  • In this paper, we have fabricated 4H-SiC schottky diodes utilizing a metal-oxide overlap structure for electric filed termination. The barrier height and Ideality factor were measured by current-voltage, capacitance-voltage characteristics. Schottky barrier height(SBH) were 1.41ev for Ni and 1.35eV for Pt, 1.52eV for Pt/Ti at room temperature and Pt/Ti Schottky diode exhibited Ideality factor was 1.06 to 1.4 in the range of $25^{\circ}C{\sim}200^{\circ}C$. To improve the reverse bias characteristics, an edge termination technique is employed for Pt/Ti/4H-SiC Schottky rectifiers and the device show excellent characteristics with higher blocking voltage up to 780V compared with unterminated devices.

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The effects of buffer layer using $\alpha$-septithiophene on the organic light emitting diode (유기 전기 발광 소자에서 $\alpha$-septithiophene을 이용한 buffer layer의 영향)

  • Yi, Ki-Wook;Lim, Sung-Taek;Shin, Dong-Myung;Park, Jong-Wook;Park, Ho-Cheol
    • Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers Conference
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    • 2002.04b
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    • pp.53-56
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    • 2002
  • The effect of $\alpha$-septithiophene (${\alpha}-7T$) layers on the organic light emitting diode(OLED) was studied. The ${\alpha}-7T$ was used for a buffer layer in OLED. Hole injection was investigated and improved emission efficiency. The OLEDs structure can be described as indium tin oxide(ITO)/ buffer layer / hole transporting layer / emitting layer / electron transporting layer / LiF / Al. The hole transporting layer were composed of N,N-diphenyl-N,N-di(3-methylphenyl)-1,1-biphenyl-4,4-diamine(TPD), and N,N-di(naphthalene-1-ly)-N,N-diphenyl-benzidine( ${\alpha}$-NPD). The emitting layer, and electron transporting layer consist of tris(8-hydroxyquinolinato) aluminum($Alq_3$). All organic layer were deposited at a background pressure of less than $10^{-6}$ torr using ultra high vacuum (UHV) system. The ${\alpha}-7T$ layer can substitute the hole blocking layer, and improve hole injection properties.

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Silymarin Inhibits Cytokine-Stimulated Pancreatic Beta Cells by Blocking the ERK1/2 Pathway

  • Kim, Eun Jeong;Kim, Jeeho;Lee, Min Young;Sudhanva, Muddenahalli Srinivasa;Devakumar, Sundaravinayagam;Jeon, Young Jin
    • Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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    • v.22 no.4
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    • pp.282-287
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    • 2014
  • We show that silymarin, a polyphenolic flavonoid isolated from milk thistle (Silybum marianum), inhibits cytokine mixture (CM: TNF-${\alpha}$, IFN-${\gamma}$, and IL-$1{\beta}$)-induced production of nitric oxide (NO) in the pancreatic beta cell line MIN6N8a. Immunostaining and Western blot analysis showed that silymarin inhibits iNOS gene expression. RT-PCR showed that silymarin inhibits iNOS gene expression in a dose-dependent manner. We also showed that silymarin inhibits extracellular signal-regulated protein kinase-1 and 2 (ERK1/2) phosphorylation. A MEK1 inhibitor abrogated CM-induced nitrite production, similar to silymarin. Treatment of MIN6N8a cells with silymarin also inhibited CM-stimulated activation of NF-${\kappa}B$, which is important for iNOS transcription. Collectively, we demonstrate that silymarin inhibits NO production in pancreatic beta cells, and silymarin may represent a useful anti-diabetic agent.

The Anti-Migratory Effect of Cirsium japonicum Pharmacopuncture in C6 Glioma Cell (대계 약침액의 C6 신경교종 세포에 대한 이주 억제 효과)

  • Park, Juyeon;Lee, Kangpa;Chang, Haeryong;Moon, Jinyoung
    • Korean Journal of Acupuncture
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    • v.30 no.4
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    • pp.212-219
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    • 2013
  • Objectives : Cirsium japonicum is a traditional Korean medicine that has been used in the treatment of inflammatory diseases such as appendicitis, hepatitis, pulmonary abscess and tumor. The aim of study was to elucidate anti-migratory activity of CJP(Cirsium japonicum pharmacopuncture) through regulation of inflammatory mediators in C6 glioma cell. Methods : Nitric oxide(NO) production was determined by using nitrite assay. The cell migration was analyzed by wound-healing assay and Boyden chamber assay. The expression levels of iNOS, and protein kinase C(PKC)-${\alpha}$ were measured by western blotting assay. Results : CJP showed a significant decrease on NO production. Moreover, glioma cell migration was effectively suppressed by CJP. Furthermore, CJP inhibited the expressions of iNOS and PKC-${\alpha}$ in C6 glioma cells. Conclusions : These results suggest that CJP inhibits glioma cell migration and iNOS expression through regulation of PKC-${\alpha}$. Therefore, it is expected that CJP could be an effective agents for blocking malignant progression of glioma.