• The Korea Journal of Herbology
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.47-56
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• 2011

Objectives : This study investigated whether the water extract of Spatholobi Caulis (SCE) has the ability to protect hepatocyte against oxidative stress induced by tert-butylhydroperoxide (tBHP) in vitro and $CCl_4$ in vivo. Methods : In vitro, HepG2 cells pre-treated with Spatholobi Caulis water extract (1, 3, 10, $30{\mu}g$/ml) for 12h and further incubated with tBHP ($100{\mu}M$) for the next 12h. Cell viability was assessed by MTT assay. In vivo, rats were orally administrated with the aqueous extract of Spatholobi Caulis (SCE; 50, 100 mg/kg) for 4 days and then, injected with $CCl_4$ 1 mg/kg body weight to induce acute liver damage. Results : Treatment with SCE inhibited cell death induced by tBHP, as evidenced by alterations in the levels of the proteins associated with apoptosis:SCE prevented a decrease in $Bcl_2$, and cleavage of poly(ADP-ribose)polymerase and pro-caspase-3. Moreover, SCE inhibited the ability of tBHP to generate $H_2O_2$ production, thereby restoring GSH content. Moreover, SCE treatments in rats effectively decreased liver injuries induced by a single dose of $CCl_4$, as evidenced by decreases in hepatic degeneration and inflammation as well as plasma alanine aminotransferase and lactate dehydrogenase activities. Consistently, treatments of SCE also protected liver in rats stimulated by $CCl_4$, as indicated by restoration GSH and prevention of MDA in the liver. Conclusions : SCE has the ability 1) to protect hepatocyte against oxidative stress induced by tBHP and 2) to prevent $CCl_4$-inducible acute liver toxicity. Present findings may be informative not only in elucidating the pharmacological mechanism of Spatholobi Caulis, but in determining its potential application for oxidative cellular damage in the liver.

• Journal of the Society of Cosmetic Scientists of Korea
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• v.36 no.3
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• pp.207-213
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• 2010

In this study, we evaluated antioxidative effects and skin whitening effects of extract of Caragana sinica fermented by S. cerevisiae KCTC 7913. At first, Caragana sinica was fermented via inoculation of Saccharomyces cerevisiae KCTC 7913 and then extracted for fermented C. sinica. It has shown that more increased of melanogenesis inhibition activity in a dose-dependent manner on B16F10 melanoma cells and elevated the amount of resveratrol contents by HPLC analysis than non-fermented. Furthermore, the extract of fermented C. sinica was inhibitory effects against tyrosinase, a key enzyme of melanogenesis pathway, more than non-fermented C. sinica extract. And it did not show the skin irritation. Therefore, fermented C. sinica extracts might be used as safe cosmetic ingredients.

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.26 no.5
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• pp.652-657
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• 2013

In the present study, anti-oxidative and the RMC proliferation inhibitory propeties of 80% ethanol extracts from 63 kinds of traditional medicines were investigated. Inhibitory effects of RMC proliferation were showed that Dalbergia odorifera T. Chen., Melia azedarach Linn$\acute{e}$ and Hydnocarpus anthelmintica Pierre. Among them Hydnocarpus anthelmintica Pierre had the highest anti-oxidative activity ($ORAC_{PE\;value}=1.6$, DPPH = 81.1), but Dalbergia odorifera T. Chen. and Melia azedarach Linn$\acute{e}$ had no effects. These results suggest that the Hydnocarpus anthelmintica Pierre could prevent or protect from kidney disease as antioxidant and anti-proliferative agent for RMC.

• The Research Journal of the Costume Culture
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.575-582
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• 2009

The coffee has been used as drink in the world and it has been using not only food but also dyeing. It can be used for four seasons in our normal living and it can be taken friendly everywhere. The coffee consists of about 8${\sim}$10% phenol(chlorogenic acid) that related to antioxidant and antimicrobial activity. However, its exact components and the dyeing property effects has not been well known yet. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate the dyeing property and ultraviolet-cut ability of silk and nylon fabrics that was dyed variously with coffee extracts. Coffee extracts were done by boiling coffee with distilled water at $100^{\circ}C$ for 2 hours. As mordanting agent, we used $AlK(SO_4)_2$ $12H_2O$, $CuSO_4$ $5H_2O$, $FeCl_2$ $4H_2O$. As the result of the dyeing properties and ultraviolet-cut ability of fabrics dyed with coffee bean extracts, we can find that the optimum dyeing temperature and dyeing time of the silk and nylon fabrics dyed with coffee bean extracts was $90^{\circ}C$, 60 min. and the colorfastness of washing and dry-cleaning was improved by using mordanting agent(4${\sim}$5 grade). Ultraviolet-cut ability was showed more 90% in dyed nylon fabrics.

• The Korean Journal of Mycology
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• v.39 no.3
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• pp.175-179
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• 2011

Light wavelength is the major factor of fruit body development associated with mushroom cultivation, but its wavelength range in Pleurotus eryngii is poorly understood. Using four kinds of light emitting diode (LED) including blue (475 nm), green (525 nm), yellowed (590 nm) and red (660 nm), we investigated to elucidate suitable light wavelength during primordium formation and fruit body development of P. eryngii on bottle cultivation. Primordia formation did not occur in blue light and red light. The morphological properties of fruit body in fluorescent lamp and blue light irradiation were showed thicker and larger pileus than those in other LEDs. However, length of stipe in fluorescent lamp and blue light was shorter than that of other LEDs. The DPPH radical was high in blue light, green light, and yellow light except for red light, and the polyphenol was high in four kinds of LED sources. And ergosterol was the highest in the green light. Thus, the high-quality mushroom production of P. eryngii is possible to green light condition considering productivity and functional materials.

• Mycobiology
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• v.46 no.3
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• pp.269-277
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• 2018

The production of water-soluble pigments by fungal strains indigenous to South Korea was investigated to find those that are highly productive in submerged culture. Among 113 candidates, 34 strains that colored the inoculated potato dextrose agar medium were selected. They were cultured in potato dextrose broth and extracted with ethanol. The productivity, functionality (radical-scavenging activities), and color information (CIELAB values) of the pigment extracts were measured. Five species produced intense yellowish pigments, and two produced intense reddish pigments that ranked the highest in terms of absorbance units produced per day. The pigment extracts of Penicillium miczynskii, Sanghuangporus baumii, Trichoderma sp. 1, and Trichoderma afroharzianum exhibited high radical-scavenging activity. However, the S. baumii extract showed moderate toxicity in the acute toxicity test, which limits the industrial application of this pigment. In conclusion, P. miczynskii KUC1721, Trichoderma sp. 1 KUC1716, and T. afroharzianum KUC21213 were the best fungal candidates to be industrial producers of safe, functional water-soluble pigments.

• Weed & Turfgrass Science
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• v.4 no.4
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• pp.360-367
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• 2015

This study was performed to determine the effects of silicon on zoysiagrass after the application of drought stress. The daily amount of water or scilicon solution was 150 ml per a pot. For 14 days, plants were treated with 0.1 and 1.0 mM silicon (Si) and with distilled water for control and the drought only-treatment. Afterward, the plants in Si and drought treatment were exposed to a 21-day under drought stress condition but the plants in control received water. The results indicated that the growth and the moisture and chlorophyll contents decreased in the drought only-treatment and 0.1 mM Si compared to the control. However, 1.0 mM Si showed an increase in the growth with a significant increase of water and chlorophyll contents. The MDA and $H_2O_2$ concentrations and electrolyte leakage decreased, while the radical scavenging capacity increased in 1.0 mM Si. 1.0 mM Si showed little to no differences in the growth and no differences in water and chlorophyll contents, electrolyte leakage, MDA and $H_2O_2$ concentrations and antioxidant capacity compared to the control. These results suggested that application of silicon is useful for drought tolerance improvement of zoysiagrass under drought that is occurring in turf fields.

• Korean Journal of Acupuncture
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.161-170
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• 2007

Objectives : In this study, we determinated protective effects of Vitis labrusca Root herbal-acupuncture solution (VLHA) against atherosclerosis and cardiovascular disease induced by oxidative damage and cytochrome P450 (CYP) induction. Methods : Antioxidant capacity of VLHA were evaluated by the ${\beta}-carotene/linoleic$ acid emulsion system and FeCl2-ascorbic acid stimulted lipid peroxidation in rat liver homogenate, respectively. Scavenging effects of VLHA on ONOO- and NO were measured by DHR 123, DAF-2 assay. Furthermore, we measured inhibitory activity of VLHA on CYP 2E1 in rat liver microsome using by Aniline assay. Results : VLHA exhibited potent inhibition rate(74%) on FeCl2-ascorbic acid induced lipid peroxidation, and revealed a strong scavenging effects on ONOO- and NO. In addition, VLHA showed inhibitory effect on CYP 2E1. Conclusions : The present study concludes that our results suggest that VLHA could be used as a good source in the prevention of atherosclerosis and alcoholic liver injury.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.25 no.6
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• pp.615-623
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• 2015

This study investigated the effects of dissolved cement powder on Zacco koreanus by analyzing morphophysiological changes. The gills exposed to dissolved cement powder developed abnormal shapes in their secondary lamellae and increased numbers of mucous cells after long-term exposure. Additionally, clubbing, edema, and exfoliation of the epithelial cells were observed in the secondary lamellae. In the kidney tissue, the space in Bowman’s capsule was widened, and in the integument tissue the arrangement of the dermis was irregular due to the thinned epidermis. These results suggest that long-term exposure to cement powder can significantly affect morphological change, resulting death. The activities of antioxidant enzymes and LDH tended to increase commensurately with the duration of cement exposure. It was concluded that up-regulated proteins were the stress proteins involved in myofibrillar-protein production and down-regulated proteins were involved in glycolysis and energy metabolism after the integument’s exposure to cement. According to these results dissolved cement powder is a serious threat to the survival of fish because it causes morphological changes and weakens physiological activity in Z. koreanus tissues.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.357-362
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• 2008

The dried roots of Aralia continentalis Kitagawa is known to have the potential for anti-inflammation and anti-rheumatic, but their effects on thrombosis are not clear. In this study, we evaluated the anti-platelet and antioxidative activities of A. continentalis Kitagawa. Methanol extract and its various fractions of A. continentalis Kitagawa inhibited ADP-induced platelet aggregation, and EtOAc fraction showed strongest inhibition in a concentration-dependent manner with a $IC_{50}$ value of 217.7 ${\mu}g/ml$. Moreover, the EtOAc fraction contained 77.7% of 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl(DPPH) and 43.1% of 2,2'-azinobis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS) radical-scavenging activity at 0.1 mg/ml. In addition, the methanol and EtOAc fraction dose-dependently inhibited thrombin-stimulated platelet adhesion to collagen or fibrinogen. Collectively, these results suggest that the polyphenol-rich EtOAc fraction from A. continentalis Kitagawa can reduce platelet hyperactivation by scavenging free radicals. Thus, the EtOAc fraction of A. continentalis Kitagawa is a potential source for inhibition of platelet-dependent thrombosis.