• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.28 no.1
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• pp.26-36
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• 1998

This primary study was done to develop an ethical guideline for organ transplantation, a life-saving treatment which helps improve the quality of life. This study tried to identify the current situation in Korea, in terms of ethical considerations in organ transplantations. This study collected basic data in organ transplantations, in the hope that procedure of organ transplantations could be developed that would be fair to both organ donors and recipients. The immediate goals of this study were : 1)to identify staff in charge of organ transplantations and their jobs in the hospital, 2)to survey whether there exists a Hospital Ethics Committee(HEC), 3)to research what consideration are formally taken in selecting recipients, and 4)to accumulate data on how consent from donors are currently obtained. The study used a survey questionnaire and received responses from 31 hospitals out of 45 hospitals where organ transplantation are being done. Organ transplantation coordinators were found in 16 hospitals, but the job description varied among hospitals. The survey showed that all 16 hospitals with an HEC that health care personnel unnecessarily dominate the committee. The study notes that HECs should be vitalized by recruiting, as members, ethicists, theologians, patients, guardians, as well as the general public outside of the hospital. The study revealed that in selecting recipients the hospital take into account ABO blood type, histocompatibility, age, waiting time. and level of patient compliance. Finally, it was shown that in the cases of living donors the transplanting hospitals seek a formal consent, whereas there are no common consenting practice established for cadaveric donors. The study concludes with three proposals. First, a nationwide institution responsible exclusively for procurement and distribution of cadaveric organs for transplantation should be established. Second. we should rebuild the national health insurance system so that have costly organ transplantation expenses are substantially covered. Last, but certainly not least. there is a need to emphasize the HEC's committment to prepare a proper ethical guideline for organ transplantation in general.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea SD
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• v.48 no.2
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• pp.55-60
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• 2011

Most of neural network chips use an analog-type maximum selector circuit (MS). As the increase of integration level, the analog MS has difficulties in achieving sufficient resolution. Contrary, the digital-type MS is easy to get high resolution but slower than its analog counterparts. A new high-speed digital MS circuit called MSIT (Maximum Selector with Internal Trigger-signal) is presented in this paper. The MSIT has been designed to achieves both the high reliability by using trigger-signals and high speed by removing the unnecessary waiting times. The response time of MSIT is 3.4ns for 32 data with 10-bit resolution in the simulation with 1.2V, $0.13{\mu}m$-process model parameters, which is much faster than its analog counterparts. It shows that digital MS circuits like MSIT can achieve higher speed as well as higher resolution than analog MS circuits.

• Journal of Digital Contents Society
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.357-365
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• 2009

To effectively exploit the underlying network bandwidth while maximizing user perceivable QoS, mandatory to make proper estimation on packet loss and queuing delay of the underling network. This issue is further emphasized in wireless network environment where network bandwidth is scarce resource. In this work, we focus our effort on developing performance model for wireless network. We collect packet trace from actually wireless network environment. We find that packet count process and bandwidth process in wireless environment exhibits long range property. We extract key performance parameters of the underlying network traffic. We develop an analytical model for buffer overflow probability and waiting time. We obtain the tail probability of the queueing system using Fractional Brown Motion (FBM). We represent average queuing delay from queue length model. Through our study based upon empirical data, it is found that our performance model well represent the physical characteristics of the IEEE 802.11b network traffic.

• Journal of Society of Preventive Korean Medicine
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.57-67
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• 2014

Objective : This study aimed to compare the patients' satisfactions with local Korean Medicine(KM) clinics and networked KM clinics, and to find out which factors had an effect on it. Method : Six local KM clinics and six networked KM clinics were selected, and patients' questionnaires on the satisfaction with KM clinic use were administered using exit poll method. The questionnaires were developed to measure satisfactions with facility, doctor and staffs, and services. 240 patients completed the questionnaires, and the data were statistically analyzed. Results : There was more diversity in patients' diseases among networked KM clinics users, however, treatments provided were not differentiated clinically between two types of KM clinics. Patients' satisfaction scores for local KM clinics were significantly higher than those for networked KM clinics in the aspects of doctors/staffs (9.35 vs 8.92, p<.01) and services (8.76 vs 8.42, p<.05). 90.0% of local KM clinic users expressed their willingness to recommend the clinics they used to others, while 75.0% of networked KM clinics users did. For both the local and networked clinics, 'KM doctors' kindness', and 'process and waiting time' were statistical factors affecting patients' satisfaction. Conclusion : The patients' satisfactions with general KM clinics were higher than those with networked KM clinics. Networked KM clinics need to develop services to meet the diverse medical demands which were created by them selves.

• The Journal of Korea Institute of Information, Electronics, and Communication Technology
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.209-214
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• 2018

The subway, which is an urban railway, is the core of public transportation. Urban railways are always exposed to serious problems such as theft, crime and terrorism, as many passengers use them. Especially, due to the nature of urban railway environment, the scope of surveillance is widely dispersed and the range of surveillance target is rapidly increasing. Therefore, it is difficult to perform comprehensive management by passive surveillance like existing CCTV. In this paper, we propose the implementation, design method and object recognition algorithm for intelligent object recognition system in urban railway. The object recognition system that we propose is to analyze the camera images in the history and to recognize the situations where there are objects in the landing area and the waiting area that are not moving for more than a certain time. The proposed algorithm proved its effectiveness by showing detection rate of 100% for Selected area detection, 82% for detection in neglected object, and 94% for motionless object detection, compared with 84.62% object recognition rate using existing Kalman filter.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.33 no.5B
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• pp.326-333
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• 2008

In wireless sensor networks, a sensor node with in-network aggregation adjusts the timeout which is a waiting time to receive messages from child nodes. This paper proposes a novel timeout scheduling scheme for data aggregation in wireless sensor networks, which adaptively configures its timeout according to changing data patterns in order to improve energy efficiency and data accuracy during data aggregation. The proposed scheme decreases the timeout when the temporal difference of collected data(data variation) from children is lower than a pre-defined threshold because there is no occurrence of critical events. Conversely, it increases the timeout when the data variation is higher than the pre-defined threshold in order to fulfill more accurate data aggregation. Extensive simulation reveals that the proposed scheme outperforms the cascading-based scheme in terms of energy consumption and data accuracy.

• Korean Journal of Psychosomatic Medicine
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.70-78
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• 1998

Alternative medicine is defined as the practices used for the prevention and the treatment of diseases that are not taught widely in medical schools, nor generally available inside hospitals. Alternative medicine or therapy is of growing interest to the general public. We conducted a survey to determine the prevalence and patterns of using alternative medicine such as herbal medicine acupuncture, folk medicine, health food and diet, yoga, qi therapy, shiatsu, chiropractics, homeopathy etc.. Based on 794 completed questionnaires, 484 respondents(61%) reported using at least one form of alternative medicine for their medical problems. The major medical conditions for which they used alternative medicine were back pain(85.6%), arthritis(85.4%), hypertension(85.2%), cerebrovascular disorders(86.4%), and insomnia(84.6%). The types of alternative medicine frequently used were herbal medicine, acupuncture, folk medicine, and health food. The reasons why the vast majority of people sought after alternative medicine was that: less side-effect, it is not harmful, it is more effective, there is a shorter waiting time, and a better explanation fur the conditions and a kinder therapist. We found that the frequency of using alternative medicine in the health care system was high. Physicians need to be more aware that many patients may be using alternative medicine. Further survey of the nation-wide prevalence of alternative medicine, and scientific study into the efficacy of this medicine should be followed. In the meantime, we suggest paying attention to possible harmful effects caused by some sorts of alternative medicine.

• Journal of Navigation and Port Research
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• v.27 no.4
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• pp.479-484
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• 2003

In the case of the feeder bus route choice, it is more desirable to choose the route by treating as a single route linked from origin to destination than the whole network. This study is to establish a concept that frames the feeder bus route choice technique for the change of the existing single bus route or the creation of the new feeder bus route. The concept of the feeder bus route choice technique in this study is not to frame the whole bus network but to frame a single route to a unit O-D pair. So, this study has the assumption that does not consider the waiting and transfer time at the bus stop. This system technique consists of the following phases: I) limitation of the road network examined for the study, ii) enumeration of the appropriate candidate routes by the permissive route length, and iii) determination of the optimum bus route by the route evaluation value.

• KIISE Transactions on Computing Practices
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• v.21 no.11
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• pp.727-732
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• 2015

These days, many researchers are working on Future Internet and a new networking paradigm called Software Defined Networking draws a great attention. In this paper, we redefine Software Defined Networking as Service Defined Networking which means that packets are categorized according to types of services. By using Service Defined Networking, we are not only dealing with the way to utilize the network resources efficiently but we also propose an algorithm to minimize the waiting time for packets to be delivered. This proposed algorithm can solve the delay problem, one of the most significant problems caused by network congestion. Also, since we are adopting Service Defined Networking, network resource utilization can be improved compared to the existing network.

• Journal of radiological science and technology
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• v.29 no.2
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• pp.93-98
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• 2006

Satisfaction of the patient against the medical service in department of radiology and it evaluated the different recognition of radiological technologist and patient. and investigates it's improvement direction. It sent the reply the above the which is a usual result in question result of the most that, the receipt process it was complicated in the portion which is insufficient,"The receipt process is complicated", "waiting time is long"and "don't radiation protection for patient and guardian". Also these a facts was recognizing patients and radiological technologist all. And the effort of the radiological technologist is necessary with the method which reduces a recognition difference. The periodical medical service satisfaction investigates and must endeavor in reform measure preparation.