• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
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• v.11 no.12
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• pp.283-290
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• 2020

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the usefulness of the triglyceride and glucose(TyG) index to predict the risk of hyperuricemia in Korean adults. This study included 14,266 men and 9,033 women over 20 years old who underwent health screenings from 2017 to 2019 at a general hospital in Seoul. To confirm the risk of hyperuricemia and predictive ability of the TyG index, logistic regression analysis and ROC curves were obtained. The accuracy of the TyG index for predicting hyperuricemia was 0.68, 0.61 for men and 0.67 for women(respectively p<0.001). The risk of hyperuricemia in the TyG index was 1.69 times higher in the fourth quartile than in the first quartile, 2.03 times higher in men and 2.07 times higher in women(respectively p<0.05). Thus the TyG index was not of high diagnostic usefulness as a screening test for hyperuricemia, but it was related to the TyG index and hyperuricemia.

• Korean Journal of Environmental Biology
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.273-278
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• 2007

The cell numbers of heterotrophic bacteria inhabiting the surface and bottom sea water harvested from the 5 stations in the marine ranching ground of Tongyeong coastal waters in $2003{\sim}2007$ were examined, and species composition of the heterotrophic bacterial population and dominant species were analyzed as well. Sea water samples collected in summer season contained much higher number of heterotrophic bacteria than those harvested in winter, spring and autumn seasons due to the higher sea water temperature. However the cell number of heterotrophic bacteria did not show a significant dependence on the location of the sampling stations. The cell number of heterotrophic bacteria in the surface sea water harvested in October 2003 and in September 2004 was not discernibly different from that in the bottom sea water and sometimes the former was even fewer than the latter because of the typhoon and localized torrential downpour. The number of heterotrophic bacteria decreased every year. The main bacterial species were Pseudomonas fluorescens TY1, Pseudomonas stutzeri TY2, Acinetobacter lwoffii TY3, Sphingomonas paucimobilis TY4, Burkholderia mallei TY5, Pasteurella haemolytica TY6, Pasteurella multocida TY7, Comamonas acidovorans TY8, Actinobacillus ureae TY9 and Chryseobacterium indologenes TY10. P. fluorescens TY1 and A. lwoffii TY3 were found to be the dominant species.

• YAKHAK HOEJI
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• v.43 no.6
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• pp.793-797
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• 1999

Salmonella typhi Ty21a is an attenuated strain of S. typhimurium and used for oral typhoid vaccine. In an attempt to increase the stability of Ty21a manufacturing typhoid vaccine, we studied about the stability of freeze-dried Th21a including additives at various temperature conditions. In order to investigate the freeze-drying rate of Ty21a according to various absorbance, we lyophilized Ty21a by using 8% sucrose as a stabilizer. The optimal freeze-drying rate of Ty21a was appeared when OD (optical density) value of the growth was between 2.5 and 3.0. To investigate the stability of Ty21a at various temperature, the viability was measured after storaging the freeze-dried Ty21a at the room temperature, cold and freezing condition for 1 week. The viability of Ty21a in cold and freezing storage condition was 5 times more stable than in room temperature. To search the most stable additives for the freeze-dried Ty21a, the viability of Ty21a including additives at the various storage condition was estimated. Mannitol and loctose were the most stable additives. Theses results suggest that the OD value of Ty21a growth, low temperature, mannitol and lactose are important factors for the optimal freeze-drying rate, the stable storage and the most stable additives, respectively.

• Journal of Sasang Constitutional Medicine
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.145-157
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• 2013

Objectives This study was aimed to reveal the characteristics of the body shape, face, voice and temperament in Taeyangin. Methods The subjects were recruited from November 2005 to August 2012. Sasang constitutional specialist in each clinics confirmed the Sasang Constitution. Taeyangin (TY) became a standard guidance to be compared with each other Sasang type. Anova test was used in analyzing continuous variables and factor analysis was conducted in temperament questionnaire in advance. Generalized propensity score with age and body mass index (BMI) was used in adjusted model. Significant level was .05 Results 1. The TY body shape were generally smaller than Taeeumin (TE) (p<0.001) and Soyangin (SY) (p<0.05) in crude. The TY body shape were still smaller than TE (p<0.05) and there was no significant difference between TY and SY except rib circumference in males and forehead circumference (p<0.05) in females in adjusted model. 2. The size of face and nose in TY was smaller than in TE and there was different between males and females' TY and others in the characteristics of eye, nose and forehead variables in crude (p<0.05). Most of differences between TY and TE were disappeared in adjusted model. 3. The vocal height and speed of TY was different other types and there was different between males and females' TY in some of frequency change rate in crude (p<0.05). Most of differences between TY and other types were similar before and after adjusted model. 4. The temperament of TY was different with SE before and after adjusted mode 1 (p<0.05). TY males showed difference in expression factor and TY females showed difference in behavior factor compared with TE respectively (p<0.05). Conclusions This study reveals characteristics of body shape, face, voice and character in the TY males females compared with each other type respectively.

• Bulletin of the Korean Mathematical Society
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• v.47 no.5
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• pp.987-996
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• 2010

In this paper, we investigate the Cauchy-Rassias stability in Banach spaces and also the Cauchy-Rassias stability using the alternative fixed point for the functional equation: $$f(\frac{sx+ty}{2}+rz)+f(\frac{sx+ty}{2}-rz)+f(\frac{sx-ty}{2}+rz)+f(\frac{sx-ty}{2}-rz)=s^2f(x)+t^2f(y)+4r^2f(z)$$ for any fixed nonzero integers s, t, r with $r\;{\neq}\;{\pm}1$.

• The Journal of Internal Korean Medicine
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.56-63
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• 1976

The results of the So Shi Ho Decoction efficacy on the Salmonellatyphi (Ty 2) of the rabbits (2.5kg) in the fever cases were as follows: 1. The range of the rabbit's temperature was from $38.8^{\circ}C$ to $39.8^{\circ}C$ 2. Average temperature of rabbits were increased $2.35^{\circ}C$ from $39.35^{\circ}C,$ 48 hours after $10^6/ml,\;10^4/ml$ of the Salmonella typhi (Ty 2) were injected into the abdominal cavity of rabbits. $10^2/ml$ of the Salmonella typhi (Ty 2) were injected into the abdominal cavity of the rabbits, the body temperature was increased from $39.8^{\circ}C$ to $40.6^{\circ}C.$ 3. There was some elevated and kept the normal temperature of rabbits by the into the abdominal cavity of the rabbits, the body temperature was increased from $39.8^{\circ}C$ to $40.6^{\circ}C.$ 4. There was some elevated and kept the normal temperature of rabbits by the So Shi Ho decoction of 10ml after injection of the Samonella typhi (Ty 2) of $10^6/ml.$ Before the administration of So Shi Ho decoction, the rabbits temperature was elevated from $39.43^{\circ}C$ to $40.1^{\circ}C$ after 24 hours, and was brought down from $39.43^{\circ}C$ to $39.4^{\circ}C$ after 72 hours of So Shi Ho decoction administration. 5. The rabbit's temperature was elevated by administration the Salmonella typhi (Ty 2) through the mouth. The average rabbit's temperature were elevated from $39.43^{\circ}C$ to $39.6^{\circ}C,\;39.73^{\circ}C,\;40.01^{\circ}C$ and $40.07^{\circ}C,$ there was no visible change. 6. The rabbit's temperature was elevated from $39.43^{\circ}C$ to $40.03^{\circ}C$ after 24 hours, and was brought down from $39.43^{\circ}C$ to $39.37^{\circ}C$ after 72 hours of So Shi Ho decoction administration. 7. Above the results, we could find the some sedative action of the So Shi Ho decoction efficacy on the Samonella typhi (Ty 2) of the rabbits in the fever cases.

• Journal of Dairy Science and Biotechnology
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• v.39 no.3
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• pp.121-127
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• 2021

Yogurt is produced by bacterial fermentation of milk and contains lactic acid bacteria (LAB), which produce various metabolites such as organic acid, hydrogen peroxide, and bacteriocin. This study aimed to investigate cell-free supernatants (CFS) of LAB isolated from Tibetan yogurt. CFS (TY1, TY2, TY3, TY4, TY5, TY6, and TY7) from selected strains of LAB were co-incubated with four different foodborne pathogenic bacteria, namely E. coli O157:H7, Listeria monocytogenes, Salmonella typhimurium, and Staphylococcus aureus. Inhibition of foodborne pathogenic bacterial growth was not affected in the presence of CFS (pH 6.5). In contrast, CFS without neutralization completely inhibited the growth of the bacteria. Furthermore, when the concentration of CFS (without neutralization) was changed to 1:4 and 1:8, a difference in inhibition was observed between Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. CFS more effectively inhibited the growth of Gram-negative E. coli O157:H7 and S. Typhimurium than Gram-positive L. monocytogenes and S. aureus. These results suggest that organic acids in LAB may inhibit the growth of foodborne pathogenic bacteria, particularly Gram-negative bacteria.

• Journal of Astronomy and Space Sciences
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.55-62
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• 2001

We present VRI CCD photometry of W UMa type binary TY UMa. The light curves show that the secondary minimum is deeper than the primary minimum and the maximum I ($0.^{p}25$)is $0.^{m}023$ brighter than the maximum II ($0.^{p}75$). The V light curve has been analyzed and the photometric solutions have been determined by the method of Wilson & Devinney differential correction. We adopted the spot model to explain the asymetric light curve.

• Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
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• v.36 no.1
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• pp.50-58
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• 2011

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to compare the microshear bond strength (uSBS) of two totaletch and four self-etch adhesive systems and a flowable resin to enamel. Materials and Methods: Enamels of sixty human molars were used. They were divided into one of six equal groups (n = 10) by adhesives used; OS group (One-Step Plus), SB group (Single Bond), CE group (Clearfil SE Bond), TY group (Tyrian SPE/One-Step Plus), AP group (Adper Prompt L-Pop) and GB group (G-Bond). After enamel surfaces were treated with six adhesive systems, a flowable composite resin (Filek Z 350) was bonded to enamel surface using Tygon tubes. the bonded specimens were subjected to uSBS testing and the failure modes of each group were observed under FE-SEM. Results: 1. The uSBS of SB group was statistically higher than that of all other groups, and the uSBS of OS, SE and AP group was statistically higher than that of TY and GB group (p < 0.05). 2. The uSBS for TY group was statistically higher than that for GB group (p < 0.05). 3. Adhesive failures in TY and GB group and mixed failures in SB group and SE group were often analysed. One cohesive failure was observed in OS, SB, SE and AP group, respectively. Conclusions: Although adhesives using the same step were applied the enamel surface, the uSBS of a flowable resin to enamel was different.

• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
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• v.33 no.1
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• pp.65-73
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• 2006

Regulatory mechanism for endogenous levels of castasterone (CS) and its biosynthetic precursors in shoots of maize was investigated by the use of enzyme solution prepared from the plant tissue. When [$^2H_0$]- and [$^2H_6$]-CS was used as substrates, [$^2H_0$]-26-norCS and [$^2H_3$]-28-norCS were identified as products, indicating that [$^2H_0$]- and [$^2H_6$]-CS are differently metabolized into [$^2H_0$]-26-norCS and [$^2H_3$]-28-norCS by C-26 and C-28 demethylation, respectively. This suggests that both C-26 and C-28 demethylation can be involved in CS catabolism. In fact that C-28 demethylation only occurred when isotope labeled substrate was used, however, C-26 demethylation is thought be a natural reaction occurred in the maize shoots. When 6-deoxoteasterone (6-deoxoTE) was used, 6-deoxo-26-norTE and 3-dehydro-6-deoxo-26-norTE as well as 6-deoxo-3-dehydroTE and 6-deoxotyphasterol (6-deoxoTY) were identified as enzyme products. When 6-deoxoTY was added, 6-deoxo-26-norTY as well as 6-deoxo-3-dehydroTE and 6-deoxoTE was identified as products. These indicate that C-26 demethylation of 6-deoxoTE, 6-deoxo-3-dehydroTE and 6-deoxoTY as well as a reversible C-3 epimerization from 6-deoxoTE to 6-deoxoTY intermediated by 6-deoxo-3-dehydroTE are operative in the maize shoots, demonstrating that endogenous levels of biosynthetic precursors of CS are also controlled by C-26 demethylation. Therefore, it is thought that C-26 demethylation is an important and a common deactivation process which functions to maintain steady state levels of endogenous brassinosteroids in the maize shoots.