• Title/Summary/Keyword: Teaching-learning plans

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A Case Study of the Implementation Mechanism of Home Economics Curriculum in South Korea and the U.S. (한국과 미국의 가정과 교육과정 실행 과정 사례 연구)

  • Kim, Eun Jeung;Kwon, Yoojin;Lee, Yoon-Jung
    • Journal of Korean Home Economics Education Association
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    • v.27 no.3
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    • pp.79-97
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    • 2015
  • Curriculum may be defined as everything students learn at school or the specific plan of a subject that students are supposed to learn. The purpose and goals of the curriculum or who is in charge of developing the curriculum may differ by country. This study aimed at comparing the mechanisms in which the Home Economics curriculum is implemented in Korea and the Unite States at different levels. Considering that Korean government now supports increased autonomy of schools, allowing them to execute curricula according to their educational environments, it is meaningful that the advantages and disadvantages of the implementation mechanisms of two countries are explored. Specifically, middle schools in a City of Kyung-gi Province in South Korea and three states(Wisconsin, Ohio, and Washington states) in the United States are examined. The curriculum documents at different levels as well as study plans used by actual teachers are compared for this purpose. In case of South Korea, the nation state is in charge of curriculum development and the curriculum document defines the educational contents to detail in order to provide standardized learning experience to students. This type of closely controlled system warrants standardized educational contents and thus allows nation-wide assessment using standardized measures. On the other hand, it is difficult to accommodate diversities among students in terms of aptitudes and learning styles, and also limits creativity enhancement or integrative approach to teaching and learning. In comparison, curriculum in the United States is rather loosely defined, and more autonomy is granted to schools and teachers. Each of these two different systems may have advantages and disadvantages of their own. The findings of this study is expected to provide implications to curriculum development as well as to the development of framework and guidelines to the curriculum implementation.

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A Study on the Policy Direction of Space Composition of the Future School in Old High School - Focused on The Judgment of Space Relocation for the Application of the High School Credit System - (노후고등학교의 미래학교 공간구성 정책방향에 관한 연구 - 고교학점제 적용을 위한 공간 재배치 판단을 중심으로 -)

  • Lee, Jae-Lim
    • The Journal of Sustainable Design and Educational Environment Research
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    • v.21 no.3
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    • pp.1-13
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    • 2022
  • This study is a case study to identify the spatial composition and structural problems of existing schools for spatial innovation as a future school that can operate a credit system for old high schools and establish a mid-to-long-term arrangement plan as a credit system operating school capable of various teaching and learning in the future. The study results are as follows: First, most of the problems of the old high schools entailed that there was very poor connectivity between buildings as most of them were arranged in a single, standard design-type unit building and distributed in multiple buildings. In addition, the floor plan of each building is suggested to be a structure in which student exchange and rest functions cannot be achieved during the break period due to the spatial composition of the classroom and hallway concepts. Second, in the direction of the high school space configuration for future school space innovation, the arrangement plan should be established by reflecting the collective arrangement in consideration of the shortening of the movement route and the expansion of subject areas due to the movement of students on the premise of the subject classroom system. Moreover, it is desirable to provide a square-type space for rest and exchange in the central area where communication and exchange are possible according to the moving class. Third, as the evaluation criteria for relocating old high schools, a space program is prepared based on the number of classes in the future, and legal analysis of school land use and land use efficiency analysis considering regional characteristics are conducted. Based on such analysis data, mid-to-long-term land use plans and space arrangement plans for the entire school space such as the school facility complex are established.

Middle school Home Economics teachers' perception and actual performance of self-supervision at school related to Home Economics (중학교 가정과 교사의 교과 관련 교내 자율장학에 대한 인식과 실태)

  • Go, Mi-Young;Chae, Jung-Hyun
    • Journal of Korean Home Economics Education Association
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    • v.22 no.4
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    • pp.91-107
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    • 2010
  • The purpose of this study was to investigate what middle school Home Economics(HE) teachers perceive, practice and need for self-supervision at school related to HE. Questionnaires were sent by E-mail and 150 were collected. Descriptive statistics including frequency, percentage, average, standard deviation, t-test and ANOVA analysis were reported using SPSS/win 10.1. The results of this research were as follows: First, middle school HE teachers perceived that self-supervision at school was essential since it promoted self reflection of teachers themselves and improved professional skills. Furthermore, peer-coaching was highly preferred. Second, negative responses to the supervision of principal, vice-principal, and peer teachers overwhelmed positive answers. Information exchange among peer teachers was frequent, yet, approximately 22.6% of middle school HE teachers were still avoiding sharing information process for several reasons. About half of the teachers answered that all teachers needed to participate in this process. Third, they pointed out that self-supervision at school was not implemented well because of the lack of time due to the heavy work load, negative and passive attitude for the improvement of teaching-learning activities, administration-centered supervision that did not reflect teachers' opinion, and shortage of economical, and environmental support.. HE teachers perceived that peer teachers who were doing good practices were most helpful for the supervision. Also, they preferred self-evaluation at the end of the self-supervision at school. Forth, to improve self-supervision at school, there were very high demands for reduction of administrative work, additional time, fundamental philosophy toward HE education. Fifth, the purpose and detailed plans of self-supervision were recognized as the results that were democratically derived by the HE teachers. Sixth, class inspection and informal inspection were operated once in a year, and self-training was rarely operated. Peer coaching and self-coaching were operated occasionally. Self-coaching and peer coaching were reported as the most helpful types of supervision. In addition, HE teachers answered that supervision was helpful to teaching method followed by contents, evaluation, and philosophy of education.

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Retail Product Development and Brand Management Collaboration between Industry and University Student Teams (산업여대학학생단대지간적령수산품개발화품패관리협작(产业与大学学生团队之间的零售产品开发和品牌管理协作))

  • Carroll, Katherine Emma
    • Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science
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    • v.20 no.3
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    • pp.239-248
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    • 2010
  • This paper describes a collaborative project between academia and industry which focused on improving the marketing and product development strategies for two private label apparel brands of a large regional department store chain in the southeastern United States. The goal of the project was to revitalize product lines of the two brands by incorporating student ideas for new solutions, thereby giving the students practical experience with a real-life industry situation. There were a number of key players involved in the project. A privately-owned department store chain based in the southeastern United States which was seeking an academic partner had recognized a need to update two existing private label brands. They targeted middle-aged consumers looking for casual, moderately priced merchandise. The company was seeking to change direction with both packaging and presentation, and possibly product design. The branding and product development divisions of the company contacted professors in an academic department of a large southeastern state university. Two of the professors agreed that the task would be a good fit for their classes - one was a junior-level Intermediate Brand Management class; the other was a senior-level Fashion Product Development class. The professors felt that by working collaboratively on the project, students would be exposed to a real world scenario, within the security of an academic learning environment. Collaboration within an interdisciplinary team has the advantage of providing experiences and resources beyond the capabilities of a single student and adds "brainpower" to problem-solving processes (Lowman 2000). This goal of improving the capabilities of students directed the instructors in each class to form interdisciplinary teams between the Branding and Product Development classes. In addition, many universities are employing industry partnerships in research and teaching, where collaboration within temporal (semester) and physical (classroom/lab) constraints help to increase students' knowledge and experience of a real-world situation. At the University of Tennessee, the Center of Industrial Services and UT-Knoxville's College of Engineering worked with a company to develop design improvements in its U.S. operations. In this study, Because should be lower case b with a private label retail brand, Wickett, Gaskill and Damhorst's (1999) revised Retail Apparel Product Development Model was used by the product development and brand management teams. This framework was chosen because it addresses apparel product development from the concept to the retail stage. Two classes were involved in this project: a junior level Brand Management class and a senior level Fashion Product Development class. Seven teams were formed which included four students from Brand Management and two students from Product Development. The classes were taught the same semester, but not at the same time. At the beginning of the semester, each class was introduced to the industry partner and given the problem. Half the teams were assigned to the men's brand and half to the women's brand. The teams were responsible for devising approaches to the problem, formulating a timeline for their work, staying in touch with industry representatives and making sure that each member of the team contributed in a positive way. The objective for the teams was to plan, develop, and present a product line using merchandising processes (following the Wickett, Gaskill and Damhorst model) and develop new branding strategies for the proposed lines. The teams performed trend, color, fabrication and target market research; developed sketches for a line; edited the sketches and presented their line plans; wrote specifications; fitted prototypes on fit models, and developed final production samples for presentation to industry. The branding students developed a SWOT analysis, a Brand Measurement report, a mind-map for the brands and a fully integrated Marketing Report which was presented alongside the ideas for the new lines. In future if the opportunity arises to work in this collaborative way with an existing company who wishes to look both at branding and product development strategies, classes will be scheduled at the same time so that students have more time to meet and discuss timelines and assigned tasks. As it was, student groups had to meet outside of each class time and this proved to be a challenging though not uncommon part of teamwork (Pfaff and Huddleston, 2003). Although the logistics of this exercise were time-consuming to set up and administer, professors felt that the benefits to students were multiple. The most important benefit, according to student feedback from both classes, was the opportunity to work with industry professionals, follow their process, and see the results of their work evaluated by the people who made the decisions at the company level. Faculty members were grateful to have a "real-world" case to work with in the classroom to provide focus. Creative ideas and strategies were traded as plans were made, extending and strengthening the departmental links be tween the branding and product development areas. By working not only with students coming from a different knowledge base, but also having to keep in contact with the industry partner and follow the framework and timeline of industry practice, student teams were challenged to produce excellent and innovative work under new circumstances. Working on the product development and branding for "real-life" brands that are struggling gave students an opportunity to see how closely their coursework ties in with the real-world and how creativity, collaboration and flexibility are necessary components of both the design and business aspects of company operations. Industry personnel were impressed by (a) the level and depth of knowledge and execution in the student projects, and (b) the creativity of new ideas for the brands.

A Study on the Knowledge, Attitude and Practice of Handwashing of Middle School Students (일부 중학생의 손씻기 지식, 태도 및 실천에 관한 연구)

  • Jang, Yun-Jeong;Na, Bak-Ju;Kim, Keon-Yeop;Bae, Seok-Hwan;Kim, Chul-Woung;Kim, Eun-Young;Lee, Moo-Sik
    • Korean Journal of Health Education and Promotion
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    • v.24 no.4
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    • pp.1-22
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    • 2007
  • Objectives: This study attempted to understand the relationship between handwashing knowledge, attitude and practice of middle school students and to provide the basic information for handwashing training of the students and help them to form a healthy habit. Methods: Data was collected by a standardized self-administered questionnaire between Sep. 20 to Oct. 6 2006 with a total of 710 students in 1, 2, 3 grades at 6 middle schools in metropolitan cities(490 students from four schools situated in an urban center, 220 from 2 in a suburban district). The data was then analyzed using the SPSS WIN 12.0 program, employing many statistical techniques such as chi-square($x^2$) test, t-test, ANOVA analysis with post hoc test, correlations analysis, and regression analysis. Results: The results of the study were as follows. First, total number of handwashing times of middle school students is 6.69 per day. 66.1% of the students used soap and most of the students washed hands for $6{\sim}10$ seconds(44.7%). Second, in the knowledge of handwashing, "both of the parents"(p<0.01), "catholic", "city"(p<0.05) were the highest and the practice of handwashing was active with "city", "high economic level"(p<0.05) and "both of the parents"(p<0.01). In the experience of teaching handwashing, "Yes" was 24.3% which was statistically significant with handwashing knowledge(p<0.05), attitude and practice(p<0.01). Third, in the correlation of handwashing knowledge, attitude and practice, there was statistical significancy between handwashing attitude and knowledge(p<0.01) and showed positive correlation with the knowledge(.534). The practice of handwashing has meaningful difference from the knowledge and the attitude and the coefficient of correlation shows positive co-relation in knowledge(.335) and attitude(0525). Fourth, based on the result for regression analysis with handwashing knowledge, attitude and practice as dependent variables, handwashing knowledge showed statistical significancy with sex, type of school(p<0.05) and residential area(p<0.01). There were also statistical significancy between handwashing attitude and knowledge(p<0.01) and between handwashing practice and religion, knowledge(p<0.05) and economic level, attitude(p<0.01). Conclusion: There were consistent results with handwashing knowledge, attitude and practice. If they had better knowledge, their attitude was more positive and if they had better knowledge and more positive attitude, their practice was active. The knowledge, attitude and practice of the students who learned about handwashing were higher than those of the students who had no experience of learning handwashing. To enhance handwashing habit of middle school students, the handwashing environment should be maintained. The training plans should also be made according to sex, type of school, economic level, residential area, and the consistent study on handwashing training is required.

Case Study on Science Drama in Elementary School (초등학교 과학 연극 수업 사례 연구)

  • Yoon, Hye-Gyoung;Na, Ji-Yeon;Jang, Byung-Ghi
    • Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education
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    • v.24 no.5
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    • pp.902-915
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    • 2004
  • Science drama can be an useful tool for understanding the nature of science, Science-Technology-Society relationship by providing indirect experiences to young students. Specific science concept and knowledge can also be learned with high interests. In this study, to explore the usefulness of science drama in elementary science lessons, two scripts of science drama and lesson plans were developed and implemented. Six step model for science drama lessons was also suggested. One was 'Manhattan Project' which dealt with social, ethical responsibility in using science & technology (science argument drama), and the other was 'Mom, My blood type is O' which explained the heredity of blood type (science concept drama). Two teachers were asked to write their journals during preparation and implementation of science drama lessons, and the lessons were observed by the researcher and video taped for analysis. Some students were interviewed just after the lessons by the teacher and all students were asked to write their impressions, change of their thought, what is leant etc. Overall responses of students and teachers on the two science drama lessons were very positive, 'Mom, My blood type is O' got more positive responses, and girls were more positive than boys. Some students anticipated another science drama even suggest topics for it. 'Mom, My blood type is O' was successful in making students (grade 3) understand the knowledge related with heredity of blood type (71% of the students got perfect answer). In 'Manhattan Project' students (grade 5) perceived more diverse location of responsibility after the lesson, but the danger and harmfulness of atomic power was embossed. This implied the need of more careful planning for the relevant learning activities before and after the play of science drama.Two teachers perceived the science drama as a new, useful tool for some subject which is hard to deal with by other teaching method. They were also satisfied with students' high interest and engagement during the science drama lessons but the extra time and effort for the lessons were pointed out as a main difficulties.

The development of resources for the application of 2020 Dietary Reference Intakes for Koreans (2020 한국인 영양소 섭취기준 활용 자료 개발)

  • Hwang, Ji-Yun;Kim, Yangha;Lee, Haeng Shin;Park, EunJu;Kim, Jeongseon;Shin, Sangah;Kim, Ki Nam;Bae, Yun Jung;Kim, Kirang;Woo, Taejung;Yoon, Mi Ock;Lee, Myoungsook
    • Journal of Nutrition and Health
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    • v.55 no.1
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    • pp.21-35
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    • 2022
  • The recommended meal composition allows the general people to organize meals using the number of intakes of foods from each of six food groups (grains, meat·fish·eggs·beans, vegetables, fruits, milk·dairy products and oils·sugars) to meet Dietary Reference Intakes for Koreans (KDRIs) without calculating complex nutritional values. Through an integrated analysis of data from the 6th to 7th Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys (2013-2018), representative foods for each food group were selected, and the amounts of representative foods per person were derived based on energy. Based on the EER by age and gender from the KDRIs, a total of 12 kinds of diets were suggested by differentiating meal compositions by age (aged 1-2, 3-5, 6-11, 12-18, 19-64, 65-74 and ≥ 75 years) and gender. The 2020 Food Balance Wheel included the 6th food group of oils and sugars to raise public awareness and avoid confusion in the practical utilization of the model by industries or individuals in reducing the consistent increasing intakes of oils and sugars. To promote the everyday use of the Food Balance Wheel and recommended meal compositions among the general public, the poster of the Food Balance Wheel was created in five languages (Korean, English, Japanese, Vietnamese and Chinese) along with card news. A survey was conducted to provide a basis for categorizing nutritional problems by life cycles and developing customized web-based messages to the public. Based on survey results two types of card news were produced for the general public and youth. Additionally, the educational program was developed through a series of processes, such as prioritization of educational topics, setting educational goals for each stage, creation of a detailed educational system chart and teaching-learning plans for the development of educational materials and media.

High School Student Perception of the Relationships between Solar and Visible Radiation and between Terrestrial and Infrared Radiation (태양 복사와 가시광선 복사 및 지구 복사와 적외선 복사의 관계에 대한 고등학생들의 인식)

  • Lee, Jong-Jin;Seo, Eun-Kyoung;Ahn, Yumin
    • Journal of the Korean earth science society
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    • v.43 no.2
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    • pp.312-323
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    • 2022
  • This study began with the hypothesis of whether "solar radiation" and "terrestrial radiation" can be replaced by "visible radiation" and "infrared radiation", respectively. To this end, we investigated the perceptions of high school students who completed the Earth Science I course through a questionnaire to reveal how they perceived each concept. We also analyzed the descriptions and illustrations of textbooks that may have affected their perceptions. All of the students who participated in the questionnaire recognized solar radiation as radiation emitted only in the visible light region. About 35% of the students recognized convection, conduction, and latent heat as energy transfer by radiation in the Earth's heat budget. By analyzing six types of Earth Science I textbooks in the 2015 revised curriculum, we observed that two types introduced the terms "shortwave radiation" and "longwave radiation" but had no explanation for them, while the other two described solar radiation as "radiation mainly in the visible light region" or "radiation in short wavelengths". Regarding solar and terrestrial radiation in the last two types, there was no explanation for the wavelength regions, or ambiguous terms such as "short wavelength" and "long wavelength" were used. In addition, the two textbooks contained some errors in the illustration of the energy budget. Considering that textbooks described solar and terrestrial radiation without defining the exact terms for shortwave and longwave radiation, learners are likely to recognize solar and terrestrial radiation as visible and infrared radiation, respectively. This finding implies that vague statements or errors in textbooks can cause or reproduce students' misconceptions. The discussion in this study is expected to be used as a helpful reference material for teaching and learning processes regarding the Earth's radiation equilibrium and heat budget, and thereby contribute to proposing reasonable description plans for future textbook writing.