• Journal of applied mathematics & informatics
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• 제42권3호
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• pp.647-661
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• 2024

This study aims to determine the optimal solution to transportation problems. We proposed a novel approach for tackling the initial basic feasible solution. This is a critical step toward achieving an optimal or near-optimal solution. The transportation issue is an issue of distributing goods from several sources to several destinations. The literature demonstrates many ways to improve IBFS. In this work, to solve the IBFS, we suggested a new method based on the statistical formula called cumulative distribution function (CDF) in exponential distribution, and inverse contra-harmonic mean (ICHM). The spreadsheet converts transportation cost values into exponential cost cell values. The stepping-stone method is used to identify an optimum solution. The results are compared with other existing methodologies, the suggested method incorporates balanced, and unbalanced, maximizing the profits, random values, and case studies which produce more effective outcomes.

• 한국습지학회지
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• 제26권3호
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• pp.285-297
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• 2024

본 연구 지역은 김포한강신도시 주변 걸포동, 감정동 일원으로 한강하구 철새도래지역과 인접하여 지속적인 철새류 이입이 이루어지고 있는 지역이며, 해당 지역의 논 습지는 오리·기러기류의 먹이 공급원으로 이용되고 있다. 4개 논 습지(site A~D)를 대상으로 2015년 10월~2022년 3월(총 59차례)까지 관찰된 조류는 총 32과 72종 44,942개체였으며, 상대적으로 넓고 한강과 접한 site D에서 높은 종과 개체수를 보였다. 개발이 시행된 site A와 주변(site B, C) 지역 조사에서는 상대적으로 종수가 낮았으나, 개발이나 간섭의 증가로 섭식지가 소멸되거나 감소하지만, 지속적인 종 이입과 잔여 섭식지를 이용하고 있는 것이 확인되었다. 대상 지역 이입 종 중 우점종이며 법정보호종으로 논 습지를 섭식지로 이용하는 큰기러기를 대상 종으로 선정하고, 분포 특성을 기간별 분석한 결과('15~'22년, 10~3월, 총 30개월) 총 39차례 162회 개체군이 이입되는 등 개체수가 최대 30배까지 증가하였다. 이런 결과는 연구 대상 지역이 한강하구 주요철새도래지역인 장항습지(월동지)와 섭식지간 이용하는 기러기류 실태조사에서 약 5km 내 섭식지를 집중적으로 이용하고 있는 것에 따른 결과라 판단되며, 연구 지역 일대가 이동 거리상 가치가 높은 지역임을 확인할 수 있었고, 향후에도 지속적으로 이용될 것으로 판단된다. 연구 대상 지역의 경우 도시 확장에 따른 섭식지 소멸이나 감소가 발생하더라도 지속적인 종이입이 예상되며, 장래 개발 시 잔존 서식지 보존 외에 대체 섭식지 확보와 밀려나게 될 섭식지로의 원활한 이동을 위한 생태적 코리더의 보호와 코리더와 연결된 징검다리 서식지 확보 대책이 수립돼야 할 것이다.

• 문화기술의 융합
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• 제10권5호
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• pp.445-452
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• 2024

팬데믹을 거치며 음식배달시장 고도화에 따른 외식문화의 지형도가 급변하고 있다. 최근 쿠팡이츠가 요기요를 제치고 2위로 도약하면서 경쟁이 심화되고 있으며, 업계 1위 배달의민족(배민) 역시 구독제 도입을 준비 중이다. 시장의 성장세가 주춤한 가운데, 배달비와 음식가격 상승으로 인해 포장과 픽업 서비스 이용률이 높아지고 있다. 요컨대 젊은 세대가 앱 서비스를 활발히 사용하는데 영향을 미치는 요인으로 유용성 및 사용편의성, 비용민감성, 쾌락적 동기가 중요함이 선행연구를 통해 밝혀졌다. 실제로 최근 Z세대의 경우, 구독제 선택 대신 '징검다리형 소비'와 배달팟 과정을 거쳐 지출을 최소화하는 트렌드를 주도하고 있다. 이에 Z세대의 특성을 반영한 신규 배달앱의 기능개선과 활성화 방안을 제안함으로써 고객들에게 더 나은 경험을 선사하여 경쟁력 강화를 돕고자 한다. 전문가 델파이 조사결과, 누적할인 바로보기, 가족혜택 추가, 쿠폰강화 기능, SNS홍보, 픽업산책, 매장 내 홍보, 할인율 진열의 순서대로 영향도 평가점수를 받아 실무에 적용 검토할 것이다. 푸드테크 시장에 관한 학술적, 정책적 시사점을 함께 제시한다.

• 한국주거학회논문집
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• 제26권2호
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• pp.89-101
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• 2015

The purpose of this study is to explore the housing pathways of middle-class married women toward owning a first home. In doing so, an in-depth interview as a qualitative method was conducted, life history was utilized to track down the path to first-home owning, and all the interviews were transcribed for analysis. The research participants were well-educated middle-class full-time housewives owning a home. The findings indicated that family formation through marriage and child birth was a primary driving force to buy a home. It was shown that owning a home was perceived not just as a stepping stone for building both family wealth and social capital but as one of the most important pillars to reinforcing traditional family values. In spite of some intergenerational distinctions on the path toward home owning, commonalities across generations included that home owning was considered to be a social icon for middle-class, it became almost impossible for younger generations without parental support which stimulated the intergenerational transfer of wealth, and it was greatly determined by both family income (affordability) and home finance options(borrowing capacity). This research implies that the changing social landscape transforms the value on homeownership and could undermine the socioeconomic strengths of home owning. Nonetheless, it's of importance to strategically assist first homebuyers who are likely to be a member of middle-class.

• 의료ㆍ복지 건축 : 한국의료복지건축학회 논문집
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.67-73
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• 2015

Purpose: This study examines areal composition of ward applying to 4 bedroom in provincial medical center. Methods: The existing five-bed patient rooms, general type of multiple-bed rooms in Korea causes many problems for the amenity of patients. We should reconsider their inconvenience carefully and try to provide the right to keep their privacy and enjoy amenity. The number of patients of multi-bed rooms is very critical point to improve the environmental condition of the patient rooms. This study separate 5 bedroom group and 4 bedroom group. Net area from space program was surveyed and analyzed. Results: The result of this study can be summarized into two points. The first one is that Group-4(4 bedroom) ward has more 23% patient's area and -23% convenience area than Group-5(5 bedroom). The second one is that Group-4 has more single bedroom and Group-5 has more dayroom. Implications: Consideration Should be taken into account for the effective bedroom composition and allocation in ward. This Study hopefully may serve as a stepping stone for the standard design of space program in ward.

• 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 제어로봇시스템학회 2003년도 ICCAS
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• pp.2151-2154
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• 2003

Internet is deeply rooted in everyday life and many things are performed using internet in real-world, therefore internet users increased because of convenience. Also internet accident is on the increase rapidly. The security vendor developed security system to protect network and system from intruder. Many hackings can be prevented and detected by using these security solutions. However, the new hacking methods and tools that can detour or defeat these solutions have been emerging and even script kids using these methods and tools can easily hack the systems. In consequence, system has gone through various difficulties. So, Necessity of intruder trace-back technology is increased gradually. Trace-back technology is tracing back a malicious hacker to his real location. trace-back technology is largely divided into TCP connection trace-back and IP packet trace-back to trace spoofed IP of form denial-of-service attacks. TCP connection trace-back technology that autonomously traces back the real location of hacker who attacks system using stepping stone at real time. In this paper, We will describe watermark trace-back system using TCP hijacking technique to supplement difficult problem of connection maintenance happened at watermark insertion. Through proposed result, we may search attacker's real location which attempt attack through multiple connection by real time.

• 환경영향평가
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• 제21권3호
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• pp.391-407
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• 2012

The loss of connectivity and fragmentation of forest landscapes are seriously hindering dispersal of many forest-dwelling species, which may be critical for their viability and conservation by decreasing habitat area and increasing distance among habitats. For understanding their environmental impacts, numerous spatial models exist to measure landscape connectivity. However, general relationships between functional connectivity and landscape structure are lacking, there is a need to develop landscape metrics that more accurately measure landscape connectivity in whole landscape and individual patches. We reviewed functional and structural definition of landscape connectivity, explained their mathematical connotations, and applied representative 13 indices in 3 districts of Seoul having fragmented forest patches with tits, the threshold distance was applied 500m by considering the dispersal of tits. Results of correlation and principal component analysis showed that connectivity indices could be divided by measurement methods whether they contain the area attribute with distance or not. Betweenness centrality(BC), a representative index measuring distance and distribution among patches, appreciated highly stepping stone forest patches, and difference of probability of connectivity(dPC), an index measuring including area information, estimated integrated connectivity of patches. Therefore, for evaluating landscape connectivity, it is need to consider not only general information of a region and species' characteristics but also various measuring methods of landscape connectivity.

• 디지털산업정보학회논문지
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• 제5권3호
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• pp.185-199
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• 2009

This paper analyzed articles of u-City Construction Law, which has been enacted on 29th of September last year, and evaluated their appropriateness and other laws associated with u-city services for better provision of u-cities and u-city services. The enacted law established the concept of u-city in Korea and provided relating industries with construction procedures, technology developments, and standards. These efforts have substantial implications as the first stepping stone, but also raised several problems. Hence, this paper suggested that the u-City Construction Law should be amended as follows. First, The minimum size of u-cities, that is required by the law, should be decreased. Second, various kinds of incentives should be provided to the u-city project companies. Third, new organizations such as u-City commission and National or Regional Control and Management Center will be necessary. Fourth, technology standards and inter-operability among cities should be provided in the areas of the control and management centers. And Finally, more measures of and focuses on project financing issues should be made.

• 한국정밀공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국정밀공학회 2005년도 춘계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.1054-1059
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• 2005

To support the expansion of the autonomous robot market, the establishment of evaluation standards of the robot performance are essential. In this paper, to venture the standardization of the performance evaluation of the autonomous robot, the authors take the autonomous cleaning robot(ACR) as the initial stepping stone. Recently, the ACR has been being developed and marketed actively in many countries including Korea and it believes to be the fore-runner among various types of autonomous robot products. Standards of the performance evaluation for the ACR could be easily modified and applied to other autonomous robots. This paper formulates and suggests a group of standards for the performance evaluation based on a evaluation platform for the ACR. The newly developed performance evaluation platform has been designed to include all the important aspects of living environments in reality. In the platform the performance of the ACR is measured in terms of mobility, cleaning performance, avoidance of obstruction(safety), and operation noise. A few commercially available ACR products are collected and tested in the evaluation platform and compared against the performance evaluation standards formulated.

• 한국습지학회지
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• 제11권3호
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• pp.105-113
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• 2009

습지생태계는 자연에서 가장 생산성이 높은 지역중 하나이다. 습지는 육상생태 및 하천생태의 전이지대이다. 본 연구는 도심하천 중의 하나인 도림천의 생물상(조류, 포유류, 양서,파충류)에 대한 현장조사를 수행한 연구이다. 총 3목 6과 9종의 포유류가 관찰되었으며, 17과 30종의 조류, 3과 4종의 양서류가 2과 및 3종의 파충류가 관찰되었다. 도림천은 도심하천이지만 다양한 생물상이 조사되었으며, 본 기초연구는 향후 이 지역의 습지 및 하천생태복원과 종들이 번식하고 생존하는 비오톱 연구에 사용될 예정이다.