• Journal of Biosystems Engineering
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• v.37 no.4
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• pp.252-257
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• 2012

Purpose: The net rind pattern and color of melon surface are important for a high market value of melon fruits. The development of the net and color are closely related to the changes in shape, size, and maturing. Therefore, the net and color characteristics can be used indicators for assessment of melon quality. The goal of this study was to investigate the possibility of estimating melon soluble solids content (SSC) and firmness by analyzing the net and color characteristics of fruit surface. Methods: The true color images of melon surface obtained at fruit equator were analyzed with 18 color features and 9 texture features. The partial least squares (PLS) method was used to estimate SSC and firmness in melons using their color and texture features. Results: In sensing melon SSC, the coefficients of determination of validation (${R_v}^2$) of the prediction models using the color and texture features were 0.84 (root mean square error of validation, RMSEV: 1.92 $^{\circ}Brix$) and 0.96 (RMSEV: 0.60 $^{\circ}Brix$), respectively. The ${R_v}^2$ values of the models for predicting melon firmness using the color and texture features were 0.64 (RMSEV: 4.62 N) and 0.79 (RMSEV: 2.99 N), respectively. Conclusions: In general, the texture features were more useful for estimating melon internal quality than the color features. However, to strengthen the usefulness of the color and texture features of melon surface for estimation of melon quality, additional experiments with more fruit samples need to be conducted.

• Horticultural Science & Technology
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• v.30 no.6
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• pp.709-717
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• 2012

To establish the standard of ripe kiwifruit sorting, near infrared (NIR) spectroscopy was performed on kiwifruit sampled from three farms. Destructive measurements of flesh firmness, soluble solids content (SSC), and acidity were performed and compared to measurement using NIR reflectance spectrums from 408 to 2,492 nm. NIR predictions of those quality factors were calculated using the modified partial least square regression method. Flesh firmness was predicted with a standard error of prediction (SEP) of 3.32 N and with a correlation coefficient ($R^2$) of 0.88. SSC was predicted with SEP of $0.49^{\circ}Brix$ and with $R^2$ of 0.98. Acidity was predicted with SEP of 0.28% and with $R^2$ of 0.91. Kiwifruit ripened at $20^{\circ}C$ for 15 days showed uneven qualities with normal distribution. Considering the SEP of each parameter, kiwifruit after ripening treatment could be non-destructively predicted their qualities and sorted by flesh firmness or soluble solids content through NIR prediction.

• Journal of Biosystems Engineering
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• v.37 no.3
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• pp.166-176
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• 2012

Purpose: This study was conducted to investigate the potential of interactance mode of NIR spectroscopy technology for the estimation of soluble solids content (SSC) and firmness of muskmelons. Methods: Melon samples were taken from local greenhouses in three different harvesting seasons (experiments 1, 2, and 3). The fruit attributes were measured at the 6 points on an equator of each sample where the spectral data were collected. The prediction models were developed using the original spectral data and the spectral data sets preprocessed by 20 methods. The performance of the models was compared. Results: In the prediction of SSC, the highest coefficient of determination ($R_{cv}{^2}$) values of the cross-validation was 0.755 (standard error of prediction, SEP=$0.89^{\circ}Brix$) with the preprocessing of normalization with range in experiment 1. The highest coefficient of determination in the robustness tests, $R_{rt}{^2}$=0.650 (SEP=$1.03^{\circ}Brix$), was found when the best model of experiment 3 was evaluated with the data set of experiment 2. The best $R_{cv}{^2}$ for the prediction of firmness was 0.715 (SEP=3.63 N) when no preprocessing was applied in experiment 1. The highest $R_{rt}{^2}$ was 0.404 (SEP=5.30 N) when the best model of experiment 3 was applied to the data set of experiment 1. Conclusions: From the test results, it can be concluded that the interactance mode of VIS/NIR spectroscopy technology has a great potential to measure SSC and firmness of thick-skinned muskmelons.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.50 no.spc1
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• pp.224-227
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• 2005

We evaluated fruity characteristics to select the desirable mulberry varieties for the production of fruit. Tested items were total yield, weight of single fruit, soluble solids and fruit size including length, width, and petiole length. 'Susungppong', 'Cheongnosang', 'Suwonnosang' and 'Jeolgokchosaeng (Chungbuk)' were showed high yield for three years. In weight of single fruit, 'Jeolgokchosaeng (Chungbuk)' was 4.5 g. 4 mulberry varieties were showed move than 17 Brix $\%$ in soluble solids. From that results, eight suitable varieties such as 'Jeolgokchosaeng (Chungbuk)', 'Dangsang 7', 'Jangsosang', 'Susungppong', 'Suwonnosang', 'Palcheongsipyung', 'Kangsun', and 'Jukcheonchosaeng' were selected for the production of fruit.

• Journal of Sericultural and Entomological Science
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• v.46 no.1
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• pp.6-11
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• 2004

We evaluated fruity characteristics to select the desirable mulberry varieties for the production of fruit from 2002 to 2003. Tested items were total yield, weight of single fruit, soluble solids and fruit size including length, width, and petiole length. We started yield of mulberry fruits from 27th of May, and continued for two weeks or three weeks according to mulberry varieties. 'Susungppong', 'Cheongnosang', and 'Jeolgokchosaeng(Chungbuk)' were showed high and similar quantity for two years. In weight of single fruit, 'Jeolgokchosaeng(Chungbuk)' and 'Ficus' were 4.6 g respectively. 14 mulberry varieties were showed more than 17 Brix % in soluble solids. From that results, eight suitable varieties such as 'Jeolgokchosaeng(Chungbuk)', 'Dangsang 7', 'Jangsosang', 'Susungppong', 'Suwonnosang', 'Palcheongsipyung', 'Kangsun', and 'Jukcheonchosaeng' were selected for the production of fruit.

• Journal of Bio-Environment Control
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.204-210
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• 2011

This experiment was conducted to investigate the effect of water states (water, osmotic potential and turgor pressure) of fruit vesicle and leaf on soluble solids and organic acid contents of fruits of 'Shiranuhi' mandarin hybrid, M16 A line during the fruit maturing season in plastic house cultivation. The 'Shirauhi' grafted on 'Swingle citrumelo', strong strength of rootstock, produced fruit with lower soluble solids and organic acid content than 'Trifoliate' orange rootstock. The fruits vesicle water potential and turgor pressure measured before dawn in 'Swingle citrumelo' were higher tendency than the 'Trifoliate' orange, but osmotic potential values were lower than the 'Trifoliate' orange. The changes of leaf water potential were very similar to the fruit. The results suggest that in the 'Shirauhi' fruits grafted on two rootstocks changes of soluble solids and organic acid content of the fruit were influenced by the leaf water potential and the osmotic potential of the fruit vesicles, which might be caused by the difference of root distribution between two rootstocks.

• Horticultural Science & Technology
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• v.35 no.3
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• pp.381-386
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• 2017

'Jangha' is a new strawberry (Fragaria ${\times}$ ananassa Duch.) cultivar, which was released by the Highland Agriculture Research Institute in 2014. The 'Jangha' cultivar originated in 2008 from a cross between 'Goha' and 'Elsinore' that showed excellent ever-bearing characteristics, including continuous flowering habit and high soluble-solids contents under long-day and high temperature conditions. This cultivar was initially named 'Saebong No. 6' after examining its characteristics and productivity in summer culture from 2010 to 2012. After two regional adaptability tests in 2013-2014, 'Jangha' was selected from Saebong No. 6 as an elite cultivar. The general characteristics of 'Jangha' include semi-spreading type, elliptical leaves, and moderately vigorous growth. The fruit are conical in shape, and red in color. 'Jangha' plants have 21.4 leaves, 55.8 fewer than 'Flamenco' plants. The soluble-solids content of 'Jangha' was 8.9%, which was 1.2% higher than that of 'Flamenco'. The average fruit weight of 'Jangha' was about 11.7g and the marketable yield was $19,013kg{\cdot}ha^{-1}$, 141% higher than 'Flamenco'. 'Jangha' is suitable for summer season cultivation as a high soluble solids contents cultivar, because it shows continuous flowering habit under long-day and high temperature conditions.

• Applied Biological Chemistry
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• v.42 no.2
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• pp.147-151
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• 1999

Quality characteristics of Satsuma mandarin (Citrus unshiu Marc. var. okitsu) harvested in early December according to production areas and sea level altitude of Cheju were investigated. Soluble solids and flesh ratio were $9.06{\sim}12.98,\;77.32{\sim}81.27%$ on citrus fruits harvested in orchards located below 100 m sea level (lower area), and were $10.16{\sim}12.26,\;75.00{\sim}81.55%$ in orchards 150 m sea level altitude (higher area), respectively. Acid content of citrus juice was $0.83{\sim}1.21%$ in fruits harvested in lower area, and was $0.94{\sim}1.34%$ in higher area except Hankyung-myun area. The differences of soluble solids and acid contents by harvesting periods for 10 days were 0.91 and 0.82 for soluble solids; 0.15 and 0.13% for acid contents, respectively. In proportion to late harvesting, Brix/acid ratio and fruit quality were improving. Soluble solids of fruits harvested from lower area were higher than those of fruits from higher area, but acid contents were lower in fruits from lower area than in fruits from higher area. In sensory evaluation on fruit appearence, the differences between two altitudes were not clear, but panelists marked higher points on fruits harvested in main production areas, Seogwipo-si and Namwon-eup which are southern areas. Fruit quality harvested in Seogwipo-si areas showed better quality than fruits from other harvested areas.

• Food Science and Preservation
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• v.14 no.6
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• pp.565-570
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• 2007

Changes in the quality of Hallabong tangor during growth stage and with temperature pre-treatment after harvest were investigated. Soluble solids of Hallabong increased continuously until early December. The acid content of M16A, a variant species of Hallabong, decreased by 1% after October and continued to decrease until the middle of January. After ripening, treatment to reduce the acid content was required. Fruit firmness decreased gradually until November and was maintained at 1000 g-force after this time. Soluble solids and acid content were $13.3{\pm}0.83^{\circ}Brix$ and $1.07{\pm}0.52%$. Soluble solids increased in temperature-treated Hallabong with prolonged storage, but acid content did not decrease. Fruit firmness also decreased with storage period, regardless of temperature pre-treatment. Therefore, water management during cultivation, temperature treatment above $35^{\circ}C$ after harvest, and checking of the acid content and soluble solids with prolonged storage are recommended in achieving high quality Hallabong.

• The Korea Journal of Herbology
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• v.28 no.4
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• pp.1-6
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• 2013

Objectives : In other to determine the optimal extraction conditions, the various Bojungikgi-tang (BJIGT) decoctions prepared by different pressure levels and different extraction times were compared and evaluated in terms of the extract yield and the total soluble solid content. Methods : Decoctions were prepared by the pressure levels of 0 (non-pressurized) and 1 $kgf/cm^2$ (pressurized) for 60, 120 and 180 min. The extract yield and the total soluble solids content of decoctions were measured, and the amounts of the reference compounds in decoctions were investigated by the analysis using high performance liquid chromatography. Results : The extract yield and the total soluble solid content were higher in decoctions extracted by the pressurized method than those from decoction with non-pressurized method. The patterns of yield and contents showed a proportional increase to the extraction time. In analysis of the linear regression for four reference compounds such as liquiritin, nodakenin, hesperidin, and glycyrrhizin, the good linearity with the correlation coefficient more than 0.9999 was observed. The highest contents for four reference compounds were observed at 180 min of both the pressurized method and the non-pressurized method. Conclusions : This study suggests that the pressure in extraction method and the extraction time affect the compositional constituents in BJIGT decoctions. The extraction time of 180 min could be chosen in both pressurized and non-pressurized method as optimal extraction condition.