• Corrosion Science and Technology
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.287-296
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• 2023

Li-ion batteries have been gaining increasing importance, driven by the growing utilization of renewable energy and the expansion of electric vehicles. To meet market demands, it is essential to ensure high energy density and battery safety. All-solid-state batteries (ASSBs) have attracted significant attention as a potential solution. Among the advantages, they operate with an ion-conductive solid electrolyte instead of a liquid electrolyte therefore significantly reducing the risk of fire. In addition, by using high-capacity alternative electrode materials, ASSBs offer a promising opportunity to enhance energy density, making them highly desirable in the automotive and secondary battery industries. In ASSBs, Li metal can be used as the anode, providing a high theoretical capacity (3860 mAh/g). However, challenges related to the high interfacial resistance between Li metal and solid electrolytes and those concerning material degradation during charge-discharge cycles need to be addressed for the successful commercialization of ASSBs. This review introduces and discusses the interfacial reactions between Li metal and solid electrolytes, along with research cases aiming to improve these interactions. Additionally, future development directions in this field are explored.

• Journal of the Korean Magnetic Resonance Society
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.1-6
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• 1997

Several dioxovanadate (V) complexes are synthesized and studied by solution and solid-state 51V NMR spectroscopy. In the results, large 51V chemical shift anisotropy ({{{{ DELTA delta }}a = -800 ∼720 ppm) and quadrupole coupling (e2q /h = 7.50 ∼ 9.16 MHz) were observed in the solid-state complexes. The isotropic chemical shifts of the solid samples are very close to the values obtained from solution measurements.

• Journal of Korea Foundry Society
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• v.37 no.5
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• pp.157-163
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• 2017

In the present study, the microstructural evolution and deformation behavior of AA 2014 aluminum alloys with different microstructures in a semi-solid state were investigated. For a given alloy, applied load and deformation time, the measured strain was higher at a higher temperature, indicative of a lower solid fraction. When a large proportion of the liquid was present as intragranular droplets, the alloy would not as easily deform because the effective liquid fraction between the solid grains had decreased. Greater deformation was achieved with higher grain boundary misorientations due to the enhanced wetting of the grain boundaries with liquid. A semi-empirical constitutive model is proposed for semi-solid deformation under the conditions in the present study. The mechanism of semi-solid deformation incorporates the initial flow of the liquid in the early stages of deformation, followed by a more gradual increase in the strain due to deformation by grain sliding accompanied by self-diffusion in the solid grains.

• Journal of Powder Materials
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• v.31 no.4
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• pp.293-301
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• 2024

All-solid-state lithium batteries (ASSLBs) are receiving attention as a prospective next-generation secondary battery technology that can reduce the risk of commercial lithium-ion batteries by replacing flammable organic liquid electrolytes with non-flammable solid electrolytes. The practical application of ASSLBs requires developing robust solid electrolytes that possess ionic conductivity at room temperature on a par with that of organic liquids. These solid electrolytes must also be thermally and chemically stable, as well as compatible with electrode materials. Inorganic solid electrolytes, including oxide and sulfide-based compounds, are being studied as promising future candidates for ASSLBs due to their higher ionic conductivity and thermal stability than polymer electrolytes. Here, we present the challenges currently facing the development of oxide and sulfide-based solid electrolytes, as well as the research efforts underway aiming to resolve these challenges.

• Journal of Applied Biological Chemistry
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• v.55 no.3
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• pp.149-156
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• 2012

The effects of solvent type and concentration, solid/liquid ratio, extraction time and repeated extraction on recovery of keratinase from solid-state fermentation (SSF) of chicken feather by a local Streptomyces sp. NRC 13S were investigated in order to establish the experimental conditions for keratinase yield. Among solvents tested, 0.5% (v/v) glycerol was the best. Box-Behnken design was used to investigate the effect of relevant variables on keratinase recovery. The factors investigated were solid/liquid ratio (1:1.66-1:6.66 g/mL), glycerol concentration (0.5-5% v/v) and repeated extraction (1-5 cycle). The results showed that the maximum recovery of keratinase (6933.3 U/gfs) was obtained using 0.5 (v/v) glycerol as extracting solvent, in a solid/liquid ratio of 1:5 and three extraction cycles.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.31 no.5
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• pp.1187-1191
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• 2010

$^1H-^{15}N$ heteronuclear dipolar coupling solid-state NMR experiments on lipid bilayer or bicelle samples are very useful for the structural studies of membrane proteins. However, to study these biological samples using solid-state NMR, a specific probe with high efficiency and high capability is required. In this paper, we describe the optimized design, construction, and efficiency of a 400 MHz wide-bore $^1H-^{15}N$ solid-state NMR probe with 5-mm solenoidal rf coil for high power, multi-pulse sequence experiments, such as 2D PISEMA or 2D SAMMY.

• Journal of Sensor Science and Technology
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• v.21 no.5
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• pp.359-366
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• 2012

Nanopore DNA sequencing is an emerging and promising technique that can potentially realize the goal of a low-cost and high-throughput method for analyzing human genome. Especially, solid-state nanopores have relatively high mechanical stability, simple surface modification, and facile fabrication process without the need for labeling or amplification of PCR (polymerized chain reaction) in DNA sequencing. For these advantages of solid-sate nanopores, the use of solid-state nanopores has been extensively considered for developing a next generation DNA sequencing technology. Solid-state nanopore sequencing technique can determine and count charged molecules such as single-stranded DNA, double-stranded DNA, or RNA when they are driven to pass through a membrane nanopore between two electrolytes of cis-trans chambers with applied bias voltage by measuring the ionic current which varies due to the existence of the charged particles in the nanopore. Recently, many researchers have suggested that nanopore-based sensors can be competitive with other third-generation DNA sequencing technologies, and may be able to rapidly and reliably sequence the human genome for under $1,000.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.19 no.11
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• pp.1421-1430
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• 2009

With an aim to evaluate dye decolorization by white rot fungus on natural living conditions, reproducing by solid-state fermentation, the process of triphenylmethane dyes decolorization using the white rot fungus P. ostreatus BP, cultivated on rice straw solid-state medium, has been demonstrated. Three typical dyes, including malachite green, bromophenol blue, and crystal violet, were almost completely decolorized by the fungus after 9 days of incubation. During the process of dye decolorization, the activities of enzyme secreted by the fungus, and the contents of soluble components, such as phenolic compounds, protein, and sugar, changed regularly. The fungus could produce ligninolytic, cellulolytic, and hemicellulolytic enzymes and laccase was the most dominant enzyme in solid-state medium. Laccase, laccase isoenzyme, and the laccase mediator could explain the decolorization of malachite green, bromophenol blue, and crystal violet by the fungus in solid-state medium, respectively. It is worth noting that the presence of the water-soluble phenolic compounds could stimulate the growth of fungus, enhance the production of laccase, and accelerate dye decolorization.

• International Journal of Precision Engineering and Manufacturing
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• v.2 no.4
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• pp.23-29
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• 2001

The compression behavior of semi-solid materials is studied from a viewpoint of yield criteria and analysis methods. To describe the behavior of materials in semi-solid state, several theories have been proposed by extending the concept of plasticity of porous compressible materials. In the present work, the upper-bound method and the finite element method are used to model the simple compression process using yield criteria of Kuhn and Doraivelu. Segregation between solid and liquid which cause defect of product is analysed for Sn-15%Pb and A356 alloys during deformation in semi-solid state. The comparison of analyses is made according to yield criteria and analysis methods. In addition, the analysis result for semi-solid dendritic Sn-15%Pb alloy is compared with the experimental result of Charreyron et al..

• Ceramist
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.349-365
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• 2018

Since the electrification of vehicles has been extended, solid-state batteries have been attracting a lot of interest because of their superior safety. Especially, polymer, sulfide, and oxide based materials are being studied as solid electrolytes, and each type of materials has advantaged and disadvantages over others. Oxide electrolytes has higher chemical and electrochemical stability compared to the other types of electrolytes. However, ionic conductivity isn't high enough as much as that of organic liquid electrolytes. Also, there are many difficulties of fabricating solid-state batteries with oxide based electrolytes because they require a sintering process at very high temperature (above ${\sim}800^{\circ}C$). Herein, we review recent studies of solid-state batteries with oxide based electrolytes about the ionic conductivity, interfacial reactions with Li metal, and preparation of solid-state cell.