• 산경연구논집
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• 제8권6호
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• pp.51-60
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• 2017

본 연구는 노인의 가족결속력과 사회활동에 미치는 영향을 알아보고, 노인의 가족결속력과 가정 만족도, 종교 사회활동 간의 관계에서 자기 조절능력의 매개효과를 규명하는 것을 목적으로 하고 있다. 노인들이 가정을 이용하는데 가족결속력과 자기 조절능력의 영향에 대하여 분석을 하고자 한다. 본 연구의 가설검증을 통한 연구결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 첫째, 가정의 가족결속력의 요인이 여가 사회활동에 미치는 영향연구에서 가족결속력 하위변인인 가족 응집성, 가족 화합성, 가족 적응성이 높아지면 여가 사회활동이 높아지는 것으로 나타났다. 둘째, 가정의 가족결속력의 요인이 종교 사회활동의도에 미치는 영향연구에서 가족결속력 하위변인인 가족 응집성, 가족 화합성, 가족 적응성이 높아지면 종교 사회활동의도가 높아지는 것으로 나타났다. 셋째, 가정의 자기 조절능력이 여가 사회활동, 종교 사회활동의도에 미치는 영향연구에서 자기 조절능력이 높아지면 여가 사회활동, 종교 사회활동의도가 높아지는 것으로 나타났다. 넷째, 가정의 가족결속력 요인이 여가 사회활동에 미치는 영향연구에서 자기 조절능력의 매개효과 분석 결과, 가족결속력이 강해지면, 자기 조절능력도 좋아지고, 여가 사회활동도 높아지는 것으로 나타났다. 다섯째, 가정의 가족결속력 요인이 종교 사회활동의도에 미치는 영향연구에서 자기 조절능력의 매개효과 분석 결과, 가족결속력이 강해지면, 자기 조절능력도 좋아지고, 종교 사회활동의도가 높아지는 것으로 나타났다. 본 연구는 점차 증가하는 노인들의 특성을 이해하는데 많은 도움이 되었으며, 세부적으로 이용 중요 전체적으로 영향이 있는 것으로 나타났지만 차후에 노인의 사회활동에 필요한 요인들로서 활동가능하다. 향후에는 표본 대상을 세분화하여 연구가 필요하다고 생각한다. 특히 사회활동의 범위를 세분화한 연구를 진행하고자 한다. 지금까지의 조사를 토대로 앞으로의 본 연구에 대한 몇 가지 제언을 해보고자 한다. 첫째, 점차 고령화 사회가 되어가는 현실에서 노인 삶의 질과 생활만족도를 높이기 위해서는 자녀와의 관계에서 가족결속력이 매우 중요하다는 것이다. 자녀와의 가족결속력에 심리적 행복감에 중요한 영향을 미쳐 노인의 자기조절능력 향상에도 영향관계가 있음을 알 수 있다. 따라서 자녀와의 진실한 대화를 통한 유대를 형성하는 노력이 더욱 필요하다. 이런 의미에서 노부모와 자녀들 간의 건강한 관계를 형성하기 위한 다양한 프로그램 및 상담서비스 제공이 필요하다. 둘째, 현재까지의 우리나라의 대부분의 연구가 노인이 생각하는 생활만족, 노부모가 느끼는 자녀와의 결속에만 치우쳐 있다. 앞으로의 연구는 자료수집과 분석에 어려움이 다소 예상되나 노부모와 자녀 모두를 연구대상으로 하여, 노부모와 성인자녀의 특성을 각각 파악하고 노부모가 느끼는 자녀와의 결속과 자녀가 느끼는 노부모와의 결속에 어떤 일치와 차이점이 있는지를 연구하는 것이 필요하다. 셋째, 노인의 가족결속력을 높이기 위한 방안으로 자녀의 노부모 부담 및 돌봄의 짐을 덜어주기 위한 현실적 정책제안이 필요하다. 즉, 노인을 돌보는 자녀들에 대한 지원 정책뿐만 아니라 장기요양서비스가 필요한 노인들이 언제든 자녀와의 만남을 가질 수 있도록 시군구의 직영 요양시설의 증가가 필요하다. 또한 거주지의 주소지 소속에 대한 혜택을 전국 어디서든지 자녀들의 주소지의 요양시설에도 혜택을 받을 수 있게 국가가 책임지고 재정적, 행정적인 지원을 지속적으로 할 수 있어야 하며, 사회적 인프라를 구축해야 한다. 본 연구는 연구의 대상과 방법에 있어서 다음과 같은 제한점을 갖는다. 첫째, 본 연구의 표집대상이 서울과 경기 지역에 소재한 7개의 복지관을 이용하는 노인 경로대학에 출석하는 대상자만을 선정하였기 때문에 표본의 대표성이 떨어져 연구결과를 일반화하는 데 한계를 지닌다. 둘째, 설문조사과정에 있어서 응답자의 개인변인 등을 고려하여할 때 향후에는 표본 대상을 세분화하여 연구를 진행할 필요가 있다.

• 대한치과기공학회지
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• 제32권4호
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• pp.417-433
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• 2010

Purpose: This study evaluated the manpower planning of dental technicians. Methods: Methods : Survey was conducted regarding subject's general characteristics, characteristics of dental technician's occupational view and working conditions, and reason to enter into branches of the public health enter. The survey sample consisted of 323 dental technicians (221 male/ 102 female). Survey was conducted for one month from August 1 to September 1 in 2010. Following results were obtained. Results: 1. Regarding general characteristics of the subjects, there was a slight male predilection with 68.4%. Subjects in their 40s occupied the highest proportion of 32.2%. Majority of subjects worked in the big cities (71.5%). Favored working places were dental laboratory (57.6%) and dental hospital or dental clinic (19.5%). Although no position is available in the public sector such as public health center or health care civil servant, 9.3% preferred working in the public health center. Public sector is more favored than 2-year technical colleges or dental supply and equipment companies. In respect to education, 57% of the subjects graduated college. 67.8% were married. Subjects who specialize in the porcelain or all-ceramic were 57.9%. With regard to current position, head of the dental laboratory was most common. 2. Following occupation characteristics were found. Economic reason took the highest proportion when deciding their occupation (39.9%) followed by gaining social experience (36.5%). Majority of the subjects (76.5%) wanted to work as dental technicians until their retirement. 71.5% pursuit to become a manager of the dental laboratory. 76.1% agreed on opening a dental technician position in the public health center. Regarding an authority to lead developing the dental technician position in the public sector, majority of the subject chose ministry of health and welfare (35.6%) and Korean dental technologist association (34.7%). Employment (average, 30%) and turnover rate (average, 36.5%) of dental technology college graduates ranged from 40% to 60%. Most important factors for the employment were practical experience (41.2%) and competency (34.4%). With regard to job satisfaction, so-so as 46.7% and satisfactory was 42.7% 3. In respect to the reason for opening a position in the public health center, 'It is needed to continue denture rogram for elderly patients' obtained the highest score (4.14 point). 'Institutional devices are required to open a position for dental technicians as a public healthcare provider' received high score (4.11 point). 4. Concerning the working conditions, 'professional knowledge is required' received the highest score (4.23) followed by 'too short maternity and parental leave' (4.21). 5. Relationship between general characteristics of the subjects and favor of working in the public health center was investigated. Significant differences were found according to the current and favored working area, favored occupation, education level, marital status, and specialty. Working in the public health center was favored by following subjects: working in mid- or small-sized cities (4.16 point, p<0.05); PhD degree-holder (4.59 point, p<0.01). 6. Among general characteristics of the subjects, significant difference of working conditions was found in the following factors: gender; working areas; favored working areas; favored working positions, and education level. Majority of subjects favored working in big cities and currently work in big cities although satisfaction was comparatively low (3.75 score). 7. Future plan to work in public health center was evaluated according to occupational characteristics. Subject's intention to work in the public healthcare center was significantly affected by opening of dental technician position, leading authority, average turnover rate, and factors affecting employment. Working in the public health care center was favored by the following subjects: Dental technicians who actively supported opening of the dental technician position (4.34 point, p<0.001); subjects who thought the Korean dental technologist association is responsible for the opening of positions in the public sector (4.26 point, p<0.001); and subjects who thought that attitude and character are important for the employment (p<0.001). 8. Concerning difference of working conditions according to the occupational characteristics, significant difference was demonstrated by factors such as a reason to choose to be a dental technician, work plan, pursuing position, responsible authority, average employment rate, and job satisfaction. High standard of working conditions was required in subjects who selected to be a dental technician for the leisure time after work (s.05 point, p<0.01), who planted to work until their marriage (4.25 point, p<0.001), and who pursuit to be a manager (3.98, p<0.05). 9. In respect to influence of general characteristics on the advancement to public health centers, the coefficient of determination (R2) was 0.068 and age affected the working condition with significant difference according to the pvalue. 10. Regarding influence of general characteristics on the advancement to public health centers, the coefficient of determination (R2) was 0.335 and work plan, opening of dental technician position in the public sector, and responsible authority had significant influence over the subject's intention to work in the public health center according to the p-value. 11. With regard to the influence of general characteristics on the advancement to public health centers, the coefficient of determination (R2) was 0.091 and reason to choose to be a dental technician, work plan, and responsible authority significantly affected subject's working conditions. Conclusion: Korean society is becoming a super-aged society according to several statistics. As aged population is rapidly increasing, national health insurance plans to cover denture for senior citizen over 75 years old from 2012. Therefore, dental technicians are urgently needed in the public health centers all over the nation. Many subjects in this study planed to work until their retirement and recognized dental technician's expertise. Ministry of health and welfare and Korean dental technologist association should co-operate each other to prepare foundation and institutional devices for dental technicians to advance into the public health center. This will improve oral health of the population. This study showed urgency of medical facilities and services which meets increasing number of aged population and welfare of the population.

• 융합정보논문지
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• 제10권9호
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• pp.136-146
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• 2020

본 연구는 서울형 데이케어센터 요양보호사의 직무스트레스가 직무만족에 미치는 영향을 자아탄력성이 조절하는지 검증하고자 요양보호사의 직무스트레스가 직무만족에 미치는 영향을 확인하고, 요양보호사의 직무스트레스가 직무만족에 영향을 미치는 과정에서 자아탄력성의 조절효과를 확인하였다. 서울시 데이케어센터 28곳의 종사자 256명을 대상으로 직무스트레스, 직무만족, 자아탄력성의 연구조사를 실시하였으며, 요양보호사 138명을 중심으로 분석하였다. 자료분석은 SPSS 25.0 및 Hayes가 제시한 SPSS PROCESS Macro를 활용하였다. 연구결과 첫째, 요양보호사 직군이 타 직군보다 직무스트레스 높고 직무만족감이 상대적으로 낮았다. 둘째, 직무스트레스가 직무만족에 부적(-)영향을 확인하였다. 셋째, 자아탄력성이 직무스트레스와 직무만족 사이에서 정적(+) 조절효과를 확인했다.

• 한국컴퓨터정보학회논문지
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• 제20권3호
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• pp.177-184
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• 2015

본 연구는 유아교사의 직무요인이 직무만족에 미치는 연구로 기관유형에 따른 조절효과분석을 통해 시사점을 도출하는데 연구목적을 두었다. 연구목적을 달성하기 위하여 선행연구를 토대로 유아교사의 직무만족에 대한 변인으로 교사효능감, 감성지능, 동료관계, 보상체계의 관계에 대한 인과모형을 설정한 다음 설문조사를 통하여 실증적으로 분석하였다. 본 연구결과는 유아교사의 교사효능감, 감성지능, 동료관계, 보상체계가 직무만족에 미치는 영향에서는 보상체계가 가장 높게 영향을 미치는 것을 알 수 있었고, 감성지능, 동료관계, 교사효능감의 순으로 나타났다. 기관유형에 따른 조절효과 분석에서는 감성지능은 유치원과 어린이집에 따라 유의미한 차이가 있는 것으로 나타났으며, 교사효능감, 동료관계, 보상체계는 유의미한 차이가 없는 것으로 나타났다. 이러한 연구결과를 바탕으로 유아교사의 직무만족을 효과적으로 달성할 수 있는 방안 모색의 기초자료를 제공하는데 있다.

• 보건교육건강증진학회지
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• 제24권4호
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• pp.65-85
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• 2007

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to identify the major health problems of poor children, and to provide basic information for developing health care program for low income children in underserved area. Methods: Health data were collected through medical examination(KAHP Social Welfare Service) and analysed for 3,081 poor children in 106 local children's centers nationwide. Results: 1. The mean height and weight of poor children were lower than those of nonpoor children. The differences were increased by age. 2. The rate of relative low weight was higher in poor children than in nonpoor children. On the contrary, The obesity rate was higher in nonpoor children than in poor children. 3. Poor children were more likely to have vision problem, anemia, high blood pressure, and oral health problems than nonpoor children. 4. The Health problems of children were the most serious in single father family. Conclusion: In order to improve children's health status, health promotion program for poor children should be developed and implemented. Health promotion program should include activities including regular health examination, home visiting, nutrition support, managed health care, health counseling and education. And the community support network was suggested for the efficacy of the program, including home, school and community.

• 보건행정학회지
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.95-108
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• 1991

The World Health Organization and its member states, in 1978, declared that primary health care is a key to attain the goal of Health for All by the goal of Health for All by the yeas 2000. As a member state of WHO, the Republic of Korea has participated in the declaration of ALMA-ATA and committed to put national efforts for devedoping and implementing primary health care approach with the spirit and content of this Declaration. Since 1978, to translate the spirit of the Declaration into realization, Korean goverment has developed a new category of health manpower such as Community Health Practitioners serving people living in remote rural areas and Village Health Workers serving voluntarily their own village, strengthened the function of Health Centers and Health Subcenters through their reorientation and improved the infrastructure by their new construction or renovation. While primary health care is viewed as an essential health care in Korea, there are some circles who follow a narrow definition in referring to the health care at the periphey of a health system, which is erroneous. Considering the PHC is accepted as the best alternative approach to health care to solve problems that modern health systems are facing, we propose the followings as desirable health policy directions that modern health systems are facing, we propose the followings as desirable health policy directions which might translate the persopective into action at the national level after reviewing past and current PHC approach in Korea : 1. To improve the equity through the reduction of gaps between those who have access to health care and those who have not. 2. To reinforce multisectoral approach and intersectoral coordination through the re- establishment of the National Health Council or establishment of equivalent organization at the central level. 3. To stengthen community participation through lacal people's empowerment by leadership training, changing planning process from the top-down approach to bottom-up and giving the priority to human resources rater than technology, 4. To reinforce the Ministries of Health and Social Affairs through upgrading its role and function to Coordinate Ministries which involve human welfare policies, and creating a Division which is in charge of PHC in the Ministry.

• 대한한의학회지
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.3-11
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• 1999

The Korean system of health and medical care has been organized with both Oriental and Western medical sciences. To get complete clinical treatment results is not possible with only one-sided medical care, therefore we need to formulate an interdisciplinary plan for better health care, that is to say our ultimate purpose is the cooperative medical care for the promotion of social welfare and health. Hereupon, I made a searching inquiry into the present condition of cooperative medical care and its problems and also took a consideration into the medical state of other countries like China. Japan and North Korea where the Oriental medical care is used. The results of this investigation are as follows. There are some problems in both Oriental and Western(general) medical care, such as a lack of mutual confidence, a severance of interdisciplinary study, a shortage of professional human resources and so on. There also used to be problems of the system such as, the responsibility of medical care, the double charge for medical treatment, the governmental passive participation and policy, the private-oriented study system and so on. The solutions of these problems are that the mutual understanding and coexistence between both Oriental and Western medical sciences should be preceded and the interdisciplinary study, identified terminology and cooperative medical specialists would be necessary. Furthermore, the government has to seek some policies and legislation for the cooperative medical system and needs to support the public research institutes and centers of the cooperative medical care. After all, we have to train the cooperative medical specialists for the mutual aid of both Oriental and Western medical sciences and the government also has to support it with some policies and legislation for the better medical care system.

• 지역사회간호학회지
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• 제20권4호
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• pp.453-464
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• 2009

Purpose: This study was conducted to develop health education program components for early childhood and to investigate teachers' awareness of the importance of health education and their performance rate of health education. Methods: Early childhood health education program components were developed using two rounds of the Delphi method. The Delphi group consisted of 21 experts in childhood education. After health education program components were developed, they were used in surveying child care teachers' awareness of importance and performance rate and 151 teachers sampled from 30 child care centers participated in the survey. Results: The early childhood health education program components consisted of 5 areas, 16 subjects and 33 specific contents. Early childhood teachers' awareness of importance was over 4.5 points in all the areas and in 11 out of the 16 subjects. The most frequently educated subjects were 'the importance of hand washing' and the least frequently educated subject was 'obesity prevention'. The teachers' awareness of importance and their performance rate of specific contents were high in 'maintaining order' and 'using children's rides safely,' and low in 'obesity prevention' and 'infectious disease prevention.' Conclusion: The components of this health program were developed in consideration of field feasibility and the relationship of health program education in elementary, middle and high school.

• 한국보건간호학회지
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• 제25권1호
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• pp.84-94
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• 2011

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to develop a parents education program for early childhood health care and to measure its effects. Methods: This study was a quasi experimental study following a pretest-posttest design model. The subjects were 264 parents who had children aged 0-5 years in 7 rural districts or in the city. The content of this program was child development and management, and the management for health and disease for and emergency care. Parent education was performed by 7 nursing professors in each area, including 2 education sessions. Data were twice collected using a questionnaire, i.e. before the first session and after the second session. Data were analyzed by using the SAS software version 9.1. Result: The hypothesis of this study was that "the parents' score will improve after education". Our hypothesis was supported (t=7.30, p=<.0001). We found corelation in occupation and past experience of similar education. The contentment of education was higher than 90%. Conclusion: The systematic parents education program was very useful and effective, in raising the level of contentment of subjects. There is the needed for the social opportunity of parents' education program to be extended and emphasised by public support.

• 한국치위생학회지
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• 제10권2호
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• pp.413-423
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• 2010

Objectives : The purpose of this study was to examine the general characteristics, oral health knowledge and oral health behavior of elderly people and the relationship of their oral health knowledge to practice of the knowledge in an attempt to provide information on the development of the senior oral health care system. Methods : The subjects in this study were 324 elderly people who used five different social welfare centers in the regions of Sooncheon and Yeosoo. Results : 1. The oral health knowledge of the elderly people investigated was at a low level. Among different sorts of oral health knowledge, they had the best knowledge on the cause of dental caries, and they were most ignorant about the right time for regular dental checkup. 2. Regarding connections between general characteristics and oral health knowledge, the elderly people who never went to a dentist had a better knowledge on oral health, and those who cared about oral health had a better knowledge than the others who didn't. 3. As to practice of oral health knowledge, the best oral health behavior they did was to clean the tongue during toothbrushing, and oral health behavior was not to have an unbalanced diet. The second best one was to be well-nourished, and the third best one was to refrain from drinking, smoking and eating sugar-containing food. The fourth best one was to get a regular dental check-up and teeth cleaned. 4. There was a positive correlation between oral health knowledge and oral health behavior. A better oral health knowledge led to a better oral health behavior. Conclusions : The better oral health knowledge of the elderly people was followed by a better oral health behavior, and the development and implementation of customized oral health education programs geared toward the elderly are urgently required. Oral health professionals should direct their energy into providing sustainable and systematic oral health education, and institutional measures should be taken to make it happen.