• Korean Journal of Health Education and Promotion
• /
• v.22 no.1
• /
• pp.135-146
• /
• 2005

A total of 448 male students(220 college-bound students, 228 vocational students) were surveyed through a self-administered questionnaire in Daegu from November to December 2003. This study aimed to identify the pattern in cigarette smoking according to personality type and related factors to smoking. Among respondents, $30.8\%$ of college-bound students and $69.3\%$ of vocational students have ever smoked. The rate of current smoking was $9.2\%$ in the college-bound students and $56.6\%$ in the vocational students. Smoking experience and current smoking status was significantly associated in psychotic personality in the college-bound students and in extroversive and psychotic personality in the vocational student group. The logistic regression analysis revealed that smoking of parents, siblings, and friends were significant variables on the current smoking in the college-bound students, and smoking of friends and extroversive and psychotic personality in the vocational students. As a results, this study suggest that those students who have the factors identified in this study regarded as having the potential to start smoking, and they can be subject to anti-smoking programs to help them quell their desire for smoking or delay.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
• /
• v.15 no.18
• /
• pp.7629-7634
• /
• 2014

Background: Cigarette smokers have their own motivation and justification to smoke. For example, smoking reduces their stress or enhances their pleasure. This study aimed to identify the (a) prevalence of cigarette smokers among undergraduates in Malaysia, (b) gender differences in nicotine dependence among current smokers, (c) differences in psychological problems (depression, anxiety and stress) based on the status of smoking cigarettes (current, former and non-smokers) and (d) extent to which precipitating factors (tension reduction, addiction, automatism, handling, social interaction, pleasure, and stimulation) predict the smoking behavior among current smokers. Materials and Methods: In this study 780 undergraduate students participated from a private university in Kuala Lumpur and Selangor state in Malaysia. The Depression, Stress and Anxiety Scale, Modified Reason for Smoking Scale and Fagerstrom Nicotine Dependence Test were used to measure psychological problems, predictors of smoking behavior and nicotine dependency among current smokers. Results: The results showed that 14.7%(n=106) of the students were smokers. Current smokers exhibited more psychological problems (depression, anxiety and stress) compared to former and non-smokers. Addiction, tension reduction, pleasure and automatism were predictors of smoking behavior among the current smoking students. Step wise regression analysis showed that smoking behavior was highly predicted by nicotine dependency or addiction. Smoking students were motivated to smoke cigarettes as they believed that it reduced their tension and enhance pleasure. Conclusions: Hence, there is a need for health promotion and anti-tobacco prevention as cigarette smokers experience more psychological problems. Nicotine dependency or addition was one of the major causes for smoking behavior among the student population in Malaysia.

• The Journal of Korean Society for School & Community Health Education
• /
• v.12 no.1
• /
• pp.91-102
• /
• 2011

Objectives: The purpose of this study is to identify the extent of the health behaviors of juveniles with experience in drug and the extent of their oral health behaviors. Then the impact of such factors on the oral health was analyzed. Methods: The analysis in this study used the raw data from 'The Fifth Korea Youth Risk Behavior Web-based Survey' after getting approval for use from the Center for Disease Control. The research subjects of this study were juveniles with experience in drug. Analysis was done by using 8 socio-demographic variables, 6 health behaviors related variables, 4 oral-health behaviors related variables and 1 oral health related variable. All survey data were analyzed by SPSS WIN 17.0 program. as frequency analysis and logistic regression. Results: The factors that give impact on the oral health of juveniles with drug experience were found as: gender, academic year, study grade, school type, school class, city scale, economic status, residential type, experience in alcohol, experience in smoking, obesity, frequency of medium-level physical exercise, eating breakfast frequency, hours of sleeping, number of tooth-brushing in one day, brushing teeth after lunch frequency, experience in dental treatment and experience in oral health training. Conclusions: In order to improve the oral health of juveniles with drug experience, health behaviors such as stop-smoking, stop-drinking and regular physical exercise are recommended. In addition, they should stop using drugs that threats their oral health. The development of nursing intervention to maintain the continuous enhancement of their oral health is also required.

• Journal of the Korean Society of School Health
• /
• v.16 no.1
• /
• pp.121-133
• /
• 2003

The purpose of this study was to find out the status of and attitudes on drug abuse in primary school students, to provide basic data for preventing the youth from their drug abuse and contributing to improve their health. 36.0% of the students had an experience of the education to prevent from drug abuse, the students wanted to have an education on drug abuse in primary school, 71% of the subjects preferred to school nurses as the education about drug abuse, and 2.9% of the students show their intention to use drug when their friends recommend to take drug. For the experience of drinking, there was a significant difference to the degree of satisfaction at their school($x^2$=23.29, p=.001), their association with father's smoking ($x^2$=13.16, p=.001), and mother's ($x^2$=5.60, p=.018) smoking. The experience of drinking showed no significant differences according to the grade and the experience of prevention education on drug abuse. Attitudes on drug abuse according to the general characteristics showed significant differences according to the grade (t=4.10, p=.007), the degree of satisfaction at the school(t=8.86, p=.000), their association with any father's drinking(t=3.18, p=.002) and mother's(t=5.23, p=.000), father's smoking(t=3.21, p=.001) and mother's(t=31.87, p=.000), the state of drug use during the pain(t=7.18, p=.000).

• Health Policy and Management
• /
• v.31 no.3
• /
• pp.374-383
• /
• 2021

Background: The purpose of this study is to identify the factors affecting the depressive mood experience in university students by gender. Methods: This study is a descriptive survey that conducted a secondary analysis using data from the 2020 Community Health Survey, which is conducted annually in Korea. The study targets 8,928 college students, 4,682 male students and 4,246 female students. Data analysis was conducted after creating a composite sample plan file that reflected layering variables, colony variables, and weights. Results: Factors affecting the depressive mood experience of both males and females were household income, smoking, subjective stress levels, changes in drinking and smoking, and the number of encounters caused by coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Factors influencing the depressive mood experience of females were the presence of breakfast, changes in physical activity due to COVID-19, and the presence of helpers in self-quarantine due to COVID-19 (p<0.05). Conclusion: Psychological counseling programs should be promoted to actively utilize mental health in those in their 20s and 30s. Universities also need to detect depressed students early through screening and perform timely and appropriate interventions.

• Journal of the Korean Society of School Health
• /
• v.8 no.2
• /
• pp.257-275
• /
• 1995

The purpose of this study was to provide basic data for preventing the youth from their dug abuse and contributing to improve their health. A total of 1,210 students of middle and high schools in Pusan were selected to answer this questionnaire. The data was collected from March 23 to April 6, 1995. The major findings of this study are as follows; 1) The attitude about drugs of middle and high school students was desirable. By groups, girl students showed more desirable attitude than boy students, and middle school students than high school students. 2) For the experience of drinking coffee, 70.4% of the subjects of survey answered that they have had:62.4% of middle school students and 78.9% of high school students. For the stated time of drinking coffee 59.8% of them, the largest number, said from middle school days. 3) For the experience of drinking alcoholic liquors, 40.4% of the subjects of survey answered that they have had: 51.4%n of boy students and 29.5% of girl students, 23.4% of middle school students and 57.7% of high school students. For the started time of drinking liquors 53.1% of them, the largest number, said from middle school days. 4) For the experience of smoking, 24.8% of the subjects of survey answered that they have had: 37.2% of boy students and 12.5% of girl students, 16.3% of middle school students and 33.3% of high school students. For the started time of smoking 52.0% of them, the largest number, said from middle school days. 5) For the experience of drugs, 6.3% of the subjects of survey answered that they have had. For the started time of abusing drugs 71.0% of them, the largest number, said from middle school days. The kinds and composing ratio of abused drugs were: Timing was 51.4%, bond 20.3%, butane gas 12.6%, thinner 3.8%, methamphetamine 1.9% and mescaline 1.9%. 6) The attitude points toward drugs in case of not taking coffee and liquors, smoking and abusing drugs were higher than the points in case of taking them. 7) The rate of abusing drugs in case of taking coffee and liquors and smoking was higher than that in case of not taking them and smoking.

• Journal of Korean Public Health Nursing
• /
• v.12 no.2
• /
• pp.107-121
• /
• 1998

The purpose of this study was to test the revised Health Promotion Model of Pender and to determine the factors to promote health behavior for adolescents' smoking behavior. The subjects of the study was 783 boys of 4 high school students. among 39. schools locating in Daejeon metropolitan city. The data was collected from July 1st to 15th. 1997 by school health nurse The research tool were HPLP of Walker. Pender. General self-efficacy scale of Sherer. control scale was measured by subconcept of hardiness scale of Pollock. and perceived barrier. perceived benefit. activity-related-affect tool were made by researcher via literature review The data were analyzed by SAS program using frequency. t-test. ANOVA. Schefee test. regression. The results were as follows 1. The mean of total health promoting behavior was $2.27\pm.35$. Among sub domain of health promoting behavior, the highest score was interpersonal support$(2.72\pm.60)$. and the lowest was health responsibility $(1.58\pm.44)$. 2. There were statistically significant difference in total health promoting behavior according to religion. parenting style. school performance. girl friend. father's smoking of individual characteristics. 3. The socioeconomic status. smoking, parent pattern. family structure of individual characteristics and experience domain associated with perceived benefit. perceived barrier. activity-related affect. interpersonal influence of behavior-specific cognition and affect domain. The perceived barrier. self-efficacy. girl friend and father's smoking of interpersonal influence. and control explained $25.8\%$ of variance of health promoting behavior. From above results school health nurse has to emphasize on health responsibility for health promotion of adolescent. But they couldn't intervene for parent pattern. socioeconomic status. family structure of individual characteristics and experience domain. it could be possible for school health nurse to promote health of adolescents through improving perceived barrier. also develop program to increase self-efficacy and through parent health class for fathers. Above results point to the importance of including parents in smoking prevention effort targeting adolescents. Because increasing control also promotes health of adolescents. it should be studied further about the specific measure. To verify the variables for increasing the fitness of health promoting model. it needs further replication of the research.

• Journal of Environmental Health Sciences
• /
• v.49 no.2
• /
• pp.118-128
• /
• 2023

Background: The use of heated tobacco products (HTP) causes many adverse health effects. Although the use of HTP by adolescents is prevalent worldwide, research related to it is very limited. There is a considerable lack of research related to the current HTP use rather than ever-HTP use. In particular, research related to predictive factors for current HTP use in adolescents is scarce. Objectives: The purpose of this study was to analyze related characteristics according to the current use of HTP among South Korean adolescents. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study that used data from the Seventeenth Korean Youth Risk Behavior Web-based Survey (KYRBWS). A total of 54,848 students in 2021 were included in this study. Chi-square-test, multiple logistic regression analysis, and chi-square test for trend were used for analyzing related characteristics according to use of HTP. Results: Overall, 715 (1.3%) students responded as having used HTP during the last 30 days among the 54,848 students. It was found that residence type, subjective body type recognition, subjective health recognition, alcohol use, habitual drug experience, close friend current smoking, and conventional cigarette smoking were significantly associated characteristics with the current use of heated tobacco products. Comparing 'very thin recognition' with 'very fat recognition', the adjusted odds ratio (OR) was 1.93 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.29~2.87) for current use of HTP. Additionally, comparing 'very unhealthy recognition' with 'very healthy recognition', the aOR was 3.82 (95% CI: 2.40~6.07) for current use of HTP. Conclusions: Based on these results, residence type, subjective body type recognition, subjective health recognition, alcohol use, habitual drug experience, close friend current smoking, and conventional cigarette smoking were associated with significantly increased odds of current HTP use. Therefore, the results of this study can provide useful evidence about adolescent behaviors in predicting current HTP use.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
• /
• v.38 no.2
• /
• pp.208-214
• /
• 2005

Objectives: This study was performed to examine the factors affecting re-smoking in male workers. Methods: A self-administrated questionnaire survey was conducted during April 2003 to examine the smoking state of 1,154 employees of a company that launched a smoking cessation campaign in1998. Five hundred and eighty seven persons, who had stopped smoking for at least one week, were selected as the final study subjects. This study collected data on smoking cessation success or failure for 6 months, and looked at the factors having an effect on re-smoking within this period. This study employed the Health Belief Model as its theoretical basis. Results: The re-smoking rate of the 587 study subjects who had stopped smoking for at least one week was 44.8% within the 6 month period. In a simple analysis, the re-smoking rates were higher in workers with a low age, on day and night shifts, blue collar, of a low rank, where this was their second attempt at smoking cessation and for those with a shorter job duration (p<0.05). Of the cues to action variables in the Heath Belief Model, re-smoking was significantly related with the perceived susceptibility factor, economic advantages of smoking cessation among the perceived benefits factor, the degree of cessation trial's barrier of the perceived barriers factor, smoking symptom experience, recognition of the degree of harmfulness of environmental tobacco smoke and the existence of chronic disease due to smoking (p<0.05). In the multiple logistic regression analysis for re-smoking, the significant variables were age, perceived susceptibility for disease, economic advantages due to smoking cessation, the perceived barrier for smoking cessation, recognition on the degree of harmfulness of environmental tobacco smoke, the existence of chronic disease due to smoking and the number of attempts at smoking cessation (p<0.05). Conclusion: From the result of this study, for an effective smoking ban policy within the work place, health education that improves the knowledge of the adverse health effects of smoking and the harmfulness of environmental tobacco smoke will be required, as well as counter plans to reduce the barriers for smoking cessation.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
• /
• v.18 no.9
• /
• pp.413-421
• /
• 2020

Because of space constraints of the ship, accessibility to supporting system for nonsmoking is poor in seafarers' group. This study was performed to find the smoking status, second-hand smoking status and factors related to smoking habit of Korean seafarers. So, we examined the rate of smoking and secondhand smoking, and knowledge about smoking, attitude for smoking behavior, smoking cessation intention and working environment related to smoking of 155 seafarers. Their smoking rate was 32.3% and secondhand smoke rate was very high by 86.5%. Their working place equipped a separate smoking room, but most of them had been smoked in where they were stayed. and we found the inadequate ventilation facility in 42.6%. Only 21.9% had a experience of education for smoking cessation. From the study Attitude for smoking behavior was negative and smoking knowledge was high. 90% of them tried to stop to smoke, but intention of smoking cessation was low. We need to motivate seafarers and increase their smoking cessation intention by regular education in available ways. From the study, we purpose that government will realign regulations related to ventilation facility and appointed smoking area on the board to prevent seondhand smoke, and the policy need to possess the regular survey of smoking status and customized smoking cessation education for seafarers.