• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers A
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• v.38 no.8
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• pp.837-848
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• 2014

This paper describes the development of a walking assistive robot for effective self-rehabilitation for elderly people facing an inconvenience in walking. The main features of the developed robot are enhanced safety and mobility using the baby walker and electric wheelchair mechanisms and an accurate walking tracking control algorithm using potentiometers and stereo cameras. Specifically, a pelvis supporter is designed to prevent the user from falling down and reduce the burden on their legs, and electric motors are used for easy locomotion with low effort. Next, the walking intention and direction of the user are automatically recognized by using potentiometers attached at the pelvis supporter so that the robot can track the user, and the rapidity and accuracy of the tracking were increased by applying a lower-body motion analysis algorithm with stereo cameras. Finally, the user-tracking performance of the developed robot was experimentally verified through stepwise walking assistance experiments.

• International Journal of Computer Science & Network Security
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• v.21 no.7
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• pp.70-76
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• 2021

The relevance of intelligence involves the definition of such communication systems of PR-management and branding of media channels with the use of social networks, which are already implemented in practice by modern representatives of professional PR product. The purpose of the investigation is to determine the system of implementation of technologies of PR-management and branding of media channels with the use of social networks based on a survey of PR and brand of different media channels on the basis of a survey of brand managers and PR. 980 respondents from Ukraine took part in the survey. The survey was conducted on the Google-forms platform. The results outline a list of the most popular social networks and messengers for the implementation of PR management and branding technologies, including Facebook, Twitter, Google, LinkedIn, Tumblr; Telegram, WhatsApp, Viber, Skype. It is determined that the criteria of branding analysis are informativeness, centralization/distribution, content, feedback intensity. Identified 2 prospects for the development of branding in an interactive media environment (creation of a presentation system; integration of websites of social media and companies in universal centers). The criteria of general importance of the factors influencing the behavioral intention of consumers to use social media channels are presented (satisfaction, accessibility, perceived usefulness, trust, ease of use, attitude, social influence, self-efficacy). The meaning of the content of social media channels (public, informational and communication) is indicated. The practical significance of the study was to present the links between the criteria, development prospects and the values of branding factors.

• Journal of the Korean Applied Science and Technology
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• v.36 no.1
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• pp.279-298
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• 2019

Many empirical studies are conducted in regards to protean career or boundaryless career. The concept and the notion of protean career and boundaryless career has extended so far. Yet, the gap in the literature exists. Previous literature focused on the relationship among protean career, boundaryless career, and subjective career success, but examined little about the influence of protean career and boundaryless career on positive career attitude or future learning readiness. Therefore, this study explores the moderating effect of supporting policy of career development among protean career orientation, boundaryless career, positive career attitude, and future learning readiness. There was moderating effect of supporting policy of career development among the relationships of protean career orientation and future learning readiness; the relationships of boundaryless career and future learning readiness. The moderating effect of supporting policy of career development implies that the intention of career development in self-directed way and learning are related. In addition, The role of HRD/HRM department which takes initiatives in career development can affect the learning readiness for future among workers.

• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.75-86
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• 2017

The development of web technologies and the generalization of smartphones have dramatically increased the number of social media users using the Internet. As a result, companies are perceived social media as a major marketing tool and operate a variety of SNS channels. In particular, start-ups conducting businesses with limited resources, social media is being used as an effective marketing tool to meet many potential customers at a low cost. Among them, facebook is the most used channel in the world and plays an important promotional tool not only in overseas but also in marketing activities of domestic start-ups. The purpose of this study is to analyze the relationship between satisfaction and purchase intention according to four personal characteristics of users who use social media contents and to measure the mediating effect of satisfaction on the relationship between content type and purchase intention. To this end, we classified into three types based on the previous research, and social media content is provided to 200 fans of Minbak Danawa(Minda), one of representative start-ups related to accommodation, The questionnaires were conducted for 3 weeks, and a total of 145 copies were collected. All the collected questionnaires were used for statistical analysis through SPSS 18.0. The empirical results show that all three types of content, such as task-oriented, self-oriented, and interaction-oriented, have a significant effect on the satisfaction level. Among them, it is confirmed that the satisfaction level plays a mediating role on the relationship between task-oriented contents and purchase intention. And the user 's personal characteristics showed a partially moderate effect on the satisfaction according to the content type. Therefore, social media content provided by corporations has an important effect on consumer satisfaction and purchasing, in order for start-up to prevail in the market, it is necessary to have an operational strategy to communicate with customers continuously through systematic contents analysis and planning. The result of this study suggests effective ways to build a social media marketing strategy for start-ups and suggests ways to utilize contents considering the characteristics of internet users.

• Asia pacific journal of information systems
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.45-62
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• 2011

The notion of information systems (IS) continuance has recently emerged as one of the most important research issues in the field of IS. A great deal of research has been conducted thus far on the basis of theories adapted from various disciplines including consumer behaviors and social psychology, in addition to theories regarding information technology (IT) acceptance. This previous body of knowledge provides a robust research framework that can already account for the determination of IS continuance; however, this research points to other, thus-far-unelucidated determinant factors such as habit, which were not included in traditional IT acceptance frameworks, and also re-emphasizes the importance of emotion-related constructs such as satisfaction in addition to conscious intention with rational beliefs such as usefulness. Experiences should also be considered one of the most important factors determining the characteristics of information system (IS) continuance and the features distinct from those determining IS acceptance, because more experienced users may have more opportunities for IS use, which would allow them more frequent use than would be available to less experienced or non-experienced users. Interestingly, experience has dual features that may contradictorily influence IS use. On one hand, attitudes predicated on direct experience have been shown to predict behavior better than attitudes from indirect experience or without experience; as more information is available, direct experience may render IS use a more salient behavior, and may also make IS use more accessible via memory. Therefore, experience may serve to intensify the relationship between IS use and conscious intention with evaluations, On the other hand, experience may culminate in the formation of habits: greater experience may also imply more frequent performance of the behavior, which may lead to the formation of habits, Hence, like experience, users' activation of an IS may be more dependent on habit-that is, unconscious automatic use without deliberation regarding the IS-and less dependent on conscious intentions, Furthermore, experiences can provide basic information necessary for satisfaction with the use of a specific IS, thus spurring the formation of both conscious intentions and unconscious habits, Whereas IT adoption Is a one-time decision, IS continuance may be a series of users' decisions and evaluations based on satisfaction with IS use. Moreover. habits also cannot be formed without satisfaction, even when a behavior is carried out repeatedly. Thus, experiences also play a critical role in satisfaction, as satisfaction is the consequence of direct experiences of actual behaviors. In particular, emotional experiences such as enjoyment can become as influential on IS use as are utilitarian experiences such as usefulness; this is especially true in light of the modern increase in membership-based hedonic systems - including online games, web-based social network services (SNS), blogs, and portals-all of which attempt to provide users with self-fulfilling value. Therefore, in order to understand more clearly the role of experiences in IS continuance, analysis must be conducted under a research framework that includes intentions, habits, and satisfaction, as experience may not only have duration-based moderating effects on the relationship between both intention and habit and the activation of IS use, but may also have content-based positive effects on satisfaction. This is consistent with the basic assumptions regarding the determining factors in IS continuance as suggested by Oritz de Guinea and Markus: consciousness, emotion, and habit. The principal objective of this study was to explore and assess the effects of experiences in IS continuance, with special consideration given to conscious intentions and unconscious habits, as well as satisfaction. IN service of this goal, along with a review of the relevant literature regarding the effects of experiences and habit on continuous IS use, this study suggested a research model that represents the roles of experience: its moderating role in the relationships of IS continuance with both conscious intention and unconscious habit, and its antecedent role in the development of satisfaction. For the validation of this research model. Korean university student users of 'Cyworld', one of the most influential social network services in South Korea, were surveyed, and the data were analyzed via partial least square (PLS) analysis to assess the implications of this study. In result most hypotheses in our research model were statistically supported with the exception of one. Although one hypothesis was not supported, the study's findings provide us with some important implications. First the role of experience in IS continuance differs from its role in IS acceptance. Second, the use of IS was explained by the dynamic balance between habit and intention. Third, the importance of satisfaction was confirmed from the perspective of IS continuance with experience.

• Journal of East-West Nursing Research
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.103-112
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• 2003

This paper focused on providing the groundwork for the development of proper nursing interventions to enhance the quality of life for the elderly by identifying the factors that may affect their health beliefs and behaviors. A survey was conducted on a group of people aged between 60 and 86 years residing in S and K cities from January to March of 2003, who agreed to participate in the research. Data was collected using instruments measuring health beliefs and health behaviors, and was analyzed by using SPSS. The results of this study are as follow. 1) Those in the group were aged between60 and 86 years, and the average age was 66.94 years old. Most of them were living together with their spouses. From the survey, 83.5% replied "above average" on the question regarding their current health condition, whereas, 46.0% mentioned that they had some sort of diseases. 2) Overall average score of the health belief was 516.05, with a mean $3.71{\pm}4.07$. This indicates that the studied group held a high level of health belief, which affects their attitude and intention to lead a healthy life by placing the present life under control in harmony with nature. 3) Overall average score of the health behaviors was 392.24 with a mean $2.82{\pm}.52$. For health purposes, the behaviors that the elderly people were taking were mostly static ones requiring a low level of activity. The analysis showed that they generally were involved in self-trained, individualized health care. Thus, the elderly place a higher priority on regular dietary behaviors than on physical activity. 4) The correlation between health belief, a cognitive aspect on health, and health behaviors, a behavioral aspect showed a very high linear relationship (r=.520, p<.000). Consequently, it is found that those who have higher cognitive health belief are involved in higher level of behavioral health practice. These findings concluded that the Korean elderly have good health beliefs, well controlling their minds and being harmonious with nature. Health behaviors that they are engaged in are mostly static, requiring low level activity, while they place higher priority on regular dietary habits and conducting self-trained individualized health care. Important factor affecting their health beliefs and health behaviors was found to be their health practice. Since higher health belief is highly related with good health behaviors, development of health activity programs is in need as a means for an efficient health improvement, where motivating environment may be established to enhance the health belief of the elderly and to satisfy individual values.

• The Korean Journal of Emergency Medical Services
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• v.10 no.3
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• pp.5-20
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• 2006

Purpose: This study examines the degree of empowerment recognized by the 1st paramedics and the trend of their critical thinking, analyzes correlations between empowerment and critical thinking to reveal whether there is statistically significant difference between them and then is to provide basic materials necessary for research on empowerment and critical thinking. Method: This study distributes 105 structured self-report questionnaires to the 1st emergency medical technicians working at fire fighting police boxes, general hospitals, clinics and emergency medical information centers in G Metropolitan City and J province from April 29 to May 28, 2006, collects their responses directly and analyzes results with t-test, F-test(ANOVA) and Pearson's Correlation Coefficient. Result: 1. First, average score of empowerment of subjects was 4.68 out of 6 and according to scores by area, capacity 5.98 was highest, followed by significance 5.41, self- determination 4.44 and effectiveness 3.79. 2. degree of empowerment according to general characteristics of subjects showed statistically significant differences in final education(F=2.714, p= .049), level of salary (F=3.298, p= .014) and satisfaction of current job (F=5.399, p= .001). 3. average score of critical thinking of subjects was 3.28 out of 7 and according to areas, no bias 3.95 was highest, followed by maturity 3.68, structure 3.35, inquisitiveness 3.11, pursuit of truth 3.07, critical thinking and self-confidence 3.00, analyticity 2.98. 4. degree of critical thinking by general characteristics of subjects showed statistically significant differences in age(F=2.577, p= .041), final education (F=7.877, p= .000), current workplace (F=3.513, p= .018), level of salary(F=4.628, p= .002), satisfaction with current job(F=6.879, p= .000) and intention to transfer current job(t=15.21, p=.000). 5. as a result of correlations between empowerment and critical thinking of subjects, Pearson correlation coefficients between whole empowerment and critical thinking were r= .21, p=.013. Conclusion: It is considered that the 1st paramedic managers must seek how to keep and manage empowerment and development of education and training program which can enhance critical thinking is needed. Further, emergency educators must develop educational program based on the concept of empowerment to establish early awareness of a desirable organization culture and increase understanding of empowerment in the process of education.

• Journal of Distribution Research
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.25-57
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• 2012

This study identified motives for writing apparel product reviews in online stores, and determined what motives increase the behavior of writing reviews. It also classified store customers based on the type of writing motives, and clarified the characteristics of internet purchase behavior and of a demographic profile. Data were collected from 252 females aged 20s' and 30s' who have experience of reading and writing reviews on online shopping. The five types of writing motives were altruistic information sharing, remedying of a grievance and vengeance, economic incentives, helping new product development, and the expression of satisfaction feelings. Among five motives, altruistic information sharing, economic incentives, and helping new product development stimulate writing reviews. Store customers who write reviews were classified into three groups based on their writing motive types: Other consumer advocates(29.8%), self-interested shoppers(40.5%) and shoppers with moderate motives(29.8%). There were significant differences among three groups in writing behavior (the frequency of writing reviews, writing intent of reviews, duration of writing reviews, and frequency of online shopping) and age. Based on results, managerial implications were suggested. Long Abstract : The purpose of present study is to identify the types of writing motives on online shopping, and to clarify the motives affecting the behavior of writing reviews. This study also classifies online shoppers based on the motive types, and identifies the characteristics of the classified groups in terms of writing behavior, frequency of online shopping, and demographics. Use and Gratification Theory was adopted in this study. Qualitative research (focus group interview) and quantitative research were used. Korean women(20 to 39 years old) who reported experience with purchasing clothing online, and reading and writing reviews were selected as samples(n=252). Most of the respondents were relatively young (20-34yrs., 86.1%,), single (61.1%), employed(61.1%) and residents living in big cities(50.9%). About 69.8% of respondents read and 40.5% write apparel reviews frequently or very frequently. 24.6% of the respondents indicated an "average" in their writing frequency. Based on the qualitative result of focus group interviews and previous studies on motives for online community activities, measurement items of motives for writing after-purchase reviews were developed. All items were used a five-point Likert scale with endpoints 1 (strongly disagree) and 5 (strongly agree). The degree of writing behavior was measured by items concerning experience of writing reviews, frequency of writing reviews, amount of writing reviews, and intention of writing reviews. A five-point scale(strongly disagree-strongly agree) was employed. SPSS 18.0 was used for exploratory factor analysis, K-means cluster analysis, one-way ANOVA(Scheffe test) and ${\chi}^2$-test. Confirmatory factor analysis and path model analysis were conducted by AMOS 18.0. By conducting principal components factor analysis (varimax rotation, extracting factors with eigenvalues above 1.0) on the measurement items, five factors were identified: Altruistic information sharing, remedying of a grievance and vengeance, economic incentives, helping new product development, and expression of satisfaction feelings(see Table 1). The measurement model including these final items was analyzed by confirmatory factor analysis. The measurement model had good fit indices(GFI=.918, AGFI=.884, RMR=.070, RMSEA=.054, TLI=.941) except for the probability value associated with the ${\chi}^2$ test(${\chi}^2$=189.078, df=109, p=.00). Convergent validities of all variables were confirmed using composite reliability. All SMC values were found to be lower than AVEs confirming discriminant validity. The path model's goodness-of-fit was greater than the recommended limits based on several indices(GFI=.905, AGFI=.872, RMR=.070, RMSEA=.052, TLI=.935; ${\chi}^2$=260.433, df=155, p=.00). Table 2 shows that motives of altruistic information sharing, economic incentives and helping new product development significantly increased the degree of writing product reviews of online shopping. In particular, the effect of altruistic information sharing and pursuit of economic incentives on the behavior of writing reviews were larger than the effect of helping new product development. As shown in table 3, online store shoppers were classified into three groups: Other consumer advocates (29.8%), self-interested shoppers (40.5%), and moderate shoppers (29.8%). There were significant differences among the three groups in the degree of writing reviews (experience of writing reviews, frequency of writing reviews, amount of writing reviews, intention of writing reviews, and duration of writing reviews, frequency of online shopping) and age. For five aspects of writing behavior, the group of other consumer advocates who is mainly comprised of 20s had higher scores than the other two groups. There were not any significant differences between self-interested group and moderate group regarding writing behavior and demographics.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.14 no.5
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• pp.157-163
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• 2016

With the rapid expansion of smart-phone based brand app and its marketing implementations, the marketers stake much resources in the success of brand apps so that they are able to reinforce the user satisfaction and intention for repeat use. The purpose of this paper is to understand the characteristics underlying the brand applications and to analyze the usage and attitudes of the users. Self-administered survey on the research variables for respondents of 20-49 age group was conducted and the results as follow. The results are as follows the consumers are more satisfied with its usefulness, entertainment, and design attributes of the brand app. They tend to keep using a brand app that contains useful contents and great entertainment elements. Marketers thus need to reflect those elements when developing and distributing a brand app in order to meet the needs of their customers. The study results would help marketing firms find new competitive edges by providing basic insight for new competition strategies for brand app development.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.13 no.10
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• pp.209-218
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• 2015

This study aims to look into whether market merchant college education in Convergence to has any influence to the educational performance. For the purpose, 300 surveys were distributed to the ones who completed the course at ** city and in total 275 replies were selected out of 300. The age as of the subjects of this study suggests many of the most common are 91 people with more than 60 121 people 50s. This suggests that the age of a person engaged in the business owners have a lot of seniors. Dependant variable of this study, educational performance resulted in sales increase, help in self development with 82.4%, stronger confidence in success of business startup, overall satisfaction with the market merchant college education. Advanced studies regarding market merchant college and series of domestic and overseas documents were referred to for this study. As trait elements for market merchant college education, educational service, change intention, challenge spirit, decisive factors for customer communication were derived. Along with these elements, research model and hypothesis verifying the relationship with operational fund were established and empirical analysis and investigation was set as study objective.