• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2023.05a
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• pp.433-433
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• 2023

토양수분은 물 순환의 필수적인 요소로써 수문순환 및 기상 현상에 큰 영향을 미친다. 현재 우리나라에서는 토양수분 자료구축을 위해 Frequency Domain Reflectometry (FDR), Time Domain Reflectometry (TDR) 센서를 활용하여 지점 단위 토양수분 자료를 생산하고 있다. 그러나 한반도는 도서, 산간 지역이 다수 분포하고 있어, 지점관측 센서만으로 공간 대표성을 갖는 토양수분 자료를 산출하기 어렵다. 이에, 광범위한 지역을 장기간 모니터링 할 수 있는 원격탐사 기법을 활용하여, Advanced SCATterometer (ASCAT), Soil Moisture Active and Passive (SMAP) 등의 공간 단위 토양수분 자료의 적용성이 평가되고 있다. 하지만, 공간 토양수분 자료의 검증을 위해 필수적인 지점 토양수분 자료가 구축되지 않은 미계측지역이 다수 존재하며, 한반도와 같이 지형적 복잡성이 높게 나타나는 지역에서는 계측지역에서의 활용성 평가 결과가 미계측지역에서도 유사하게 나타난다고 가정하기 어렵다. 이에 본 연구에서는, 미계측지역의 공간 토양수분 자료를 산출하고자 계측지역에서 SM2RAIN 알고리즘으로 산출된 강수량 자료와 위성 산출 자료 그리고 지점관측 자료의 관계성을 분석했다. SM2RAIN 알고리즘의 입력자료는 Advanced SCATterometer (ASCAT) 토양수분 자료를 활용했다. ASCAT 토양수분 자료와 SM2RAIN 강수 자료의 검증을 위해 기상청에서 제공하는 Automated Agriculture Observing System (AAOS) 토양수분 자료, Automatic Weather System (AWS) 강수량 자료와 Global Precipitation Measurement (GPM) 강수 자료를 활용하였다. 전반적으로 ASCAT 토양수분을 통해 산출한 SM2RAIN 강수량의 추정과GPM 강수량이 유의미한 상관성이 나타나는 것을 확인할 수 있었으며, 추후 Downscaling 기법과 연계하여 지형적 복잡성이 높게 나타나는 지역의 토양수분 추정이 가능할 것으로 기대된다.

• Journal of Korea Water Resources Association
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• v.47 no.2
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• pp.207-221
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• 2014

Recently, due to global warming, climate change has affected short time concentrated local rain and unexpected heavy rain which is increasingly causing life and property damage. Therefore, this paper studies the characteristic of localized heavy rain and flash flood in Nakdong basin study area by applying Data Mining method to predict flood and constructing water level predicting model. For the verification neural network from Data Mining method and hydraulic flood routing was used for flood from July 1989 to September 1999 in Nakdong point and Iseon point was used to compare flood level change between observed water level and SAM (Slope Area Method). In this research, the study area was divided into three cases in which each point's flood discharge, water level was considered to construct the model for hydraulic flood routing and neural network based on artificial intelligence which can be made from simple input data used for comparison analysis and comparison evaluation according to actual water level and from the model.

• Journal of Korean Society of Occupational and Environmental Hygiene
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.175-183
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• 2010

Windows are widely used for natural ventilation of the various buildings. Especially high level windows as a part of industrial ventilation systems, play a crucial role in natural ventilation. Compared to mechanical ventilation system, natural ventilation has the advantage of lower installation and operating costs. In general, high level windows for industrial buildings have three types; louver type, 45$^{\circ}$ open type and 90$^{\circ}$ open type. Based on previous studies, it was found that the louver type and 45$^{\circ}$ open type are very effective in reducing rainwater penetration, but they did not have enough ventilation efficiencies. Preliminary tests were performed with the various types of windows. It was found that a 90$^{\circ}$ open double layer type window was the best among those which tested in our preliminary tests. Simulated rain was used to estimate the amount of rain penetrated through windows and to observe the paths of rain penetration. Various 90$^{\circ}$ open windows were tested to find the windows with minimum rain penetration and maximum ventilation efficiency.

• Proceedings of the Korean Geotechical Society Conference
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• 2008.03a
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• pp.419-426
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• 2008

Recently, localized heavy rain due to "EL-LIO" was a kind of reason by risk of slope stability. In this paper, the behaviour of slope when localized heavy rain was studied. In order to perform this study experimental programs were performed. Experimental programs was checked filtering conditions for slope stability due to localized heavy rain. And then, investigated slope stability and fracture mechanism each other types. In the experimental study, performed changing filtering condition by embankment, through five fixing factors such as rainfall intensity, slope shape, geological condition, compaction energy and water content. According to the results of this study, behaviour of facture slope has made a shallow and narrow waterway. This waterway expanded base stone. In order to, suggested a system for slope stability examination.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.80 no.2
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• pp.237-245
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• 1991

Artificial acid rain (pH 3.0, 4.0 and 5.0) was treated on thd seeds of 5 coniferous species to examine its effects on germination and seedling growth. Artificial acid rain was prepared by diluting sulfuric acid with ground water and ground water(pH 6.5) was used as control. Artificial acid rain was sprayed to seeded pots three times per week. About 5mm of artificial acid rain was treated each time from early April to early October, 1990. Germination, seedling establishment and seedling growth were measured and compared among the treatments. The results were summarized as follows ; 1. Germination, seedling establishment rate of Larix leptolepis and Picea koraiensis were highest on the pH 5.0 plot whereeas those of Abies holophylla and Cryptomeria japonica were highest on the control plot, and those of Abies koreana showed the highest value on the pH 3.0 plot. 2. The differences in seedling height growth of Larix leptolepis was signif- icant at 1% level among the treatment levels of acid rain, whereas those of other species were not significant, Height of Larix leptolepis, Abies koreana and Picea koraiensis were highest on the pH 4.0 plot, and that of Abies holuphylla and Cryptomeria japonica were highest on the pH 5.0 plot. 3. Seedling dry weight of Larix leptolepis and Abies holophylla differed significantly at 1% level among the treatments, but those of other species did not differ. Highest seedling dry weight of Larix leptolepis and Abies koreana were observed on the pH 4.0 plot, and that of Abies holophylla and Cryptomeria japonica did on the pH 3.0 plot, and that of Picea koraiensis did on the control plot. 4. With decrease of pH value of artificial acid rain, the number of injured needle and injured individual tended to be increased, obviously. 5. The differences of soil acidity were highly significant among the treatments for all species.

• Journal of Korean Society of Water and Wastewater
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.213-221
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• 2011

The purpose of sewer system is to separate rain water from sewage water. Through this, it is possible to prevent the flood and preserve public water territory. For the past few years, many problems of the sewer system have been solved by the execution of sewer rehabilitation project. However, they still exist in sewer system caused by I/I, which are divided into infiltration and inflow. Infiltration means the rain water and underground water that infiltrate through breakage point on pipes, inflow means the water that flows in through misconnection on pipes. This study shows how the I/I calculation has changed according to the new standardized manual and identifies the I/I difference between the new calculation and the existing one. Through the analysis on the two calculation methods we examined the appropriacy of the new method by comparing it to the old one. The result points out that the new standardized manual is more appropriate than the old in aspect of objectivity and reproducibility(establish standardization), rationality(alteration of inflow unit).

• Korean Journal of Agricultural and Forest Meteorology
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.1-9
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• 2017

Recently, it is increasing the grape farm which is converted from paddy field to orchard. These soil which are poor drainage extremely also can be damaged a lot by excessive water or flooding during heavy rain season on summer. Therefore the aim of this study was carried out to measure the changes of soil water potential and to compare the growth responses of 'Jinok' (Vitis spp.) and 'Campbell Early' (V. labruscana) grapes under three drainage systems (control, conventional drainage, and under drainage). After heavy rain, soil water potential holding times above -15 kpa applied water excessive were 352, 348 and 180 hours in control, conventional, and under drainage systems, respectively. The clay content of the under drainage system was lower than the other systems about 8-12%. The crop water stress index was lowest in the under drainage and highest in the control. Also, photosynthetic rate has showed the opposite result with crop water stress index. It was significant differences between the treatments but, the value has not shown significantly different between the varieties. In addition, leaf area and the trunk growth rate was more effective in under drainage than in the control and conventional drainage.

• 한국방재학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2007.02a
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• pp.94-97
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• 2007

This study aims to find the characteristics of damage and states of natural disasters at Gimhae, Gyeongsangnam-do from 1985 to 2004. Using the data of Statistical yearbook of calamities issued by the National Emergency Management Agency and Annual Climatological Report issued by the Korea Meteorological Administration. we have analyzed the cause, elements, and vulnerable regions for natural disasters. Major causes of natural disaster at Gimhae are four, such as a heavy rain, heavy rain typhoon, typhoon, storm snow, and storm. The cause of disaster recorded the most amount of damage is typhoon. The areas of Hallim-myeon, Sangdong-myeon, and Saengnim-myeon are classified the vulnerable region for the natural disasters in Gimhae. Therefore, it seems necessary to build natural disaster mitigation plan each cause of disaster to control water resources and to reduce damage for these areas.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2015.05a
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• pp.465-465
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• 2015

강우/무강우 정보는 재해의 관점에서는 중요성이 덜하지만 농업, 건설 등의 산업분야나 우리의 일상생활에 큰 영향을 미치는 인자이다. 본 연구에서는 레이더 자료를 이용하여 강우발생을 판단하는데 있어 그 정확성을 살펴보고, 아울러 이를 높이기 위한 방법으로 가강수량의 역할을 평가하였다. 본 연구에서는 관악산 레이더 자료, 관악산 레이더 반경 내 위치한 30개 AWS지점의 강우 자료를 분석하였다. 30개 AWS지점은 관악산 레이더 반경을 전체적으로 포괄할 수 있도록 임의로 선정하였다. 또한, 오산과 백령도 고층기상관측자료를 이용하여 산정한 가강수량을 레이더 강우발생 판단에 적용하여 정확성 개선을 검토하였다. 아울러 본 연구의 결과를 2차원 평면에 나타내어 공간적인 변화를 비교하였다.

• Journal of Korean Society on Water Environment
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.666-671
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• 2006

Effects of a rainfall event (July 28, 2005) on the hydrochemical characteristics of the Jungrang river, the biggest tributary of the Han river, was investigated. Significant spatial variations in the hydrochemical characteristics were observed. At JR2 location, concentrations of T-N and T-P were relatively low indicating occurrence of active oxidation in the stepped drop structure. At JR3 location, concentrations of Na, K, Cl, $NH_4-N$ and EC were elevated suggesting increased discharge from the nearby waste-water treatment plant and tributaries. The rain event diluted major dissolved ion concentrations in the river by 12~52%. The $NO_3-N$ levels were preserved during the rain then increased about twofold after rainfall, suggesting increased discharge of nitrate-contaminated groundwater. Heavy metals including Cd, Co, Cr, Cu and Pb were not detected in all water samples and the leachates from surface sediment samples. Concentrations of Fe, Mn, Al and Zn were below the Korean Drinking Water Guideline. Results of this study suggested that establishment of water-quality monitoring protocols describing temporal and spatial variations in parameters sensitive to rainfall events, relatively steady factors, and contaminant sources is required.