• 대한수학회논문집
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• 제27권1호
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• pp.57-68
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• 2012

The commuting graph of an arbitrary ring R, denoted by ${\Gamma}(R)$, is a graph whose vertices are all non-central elements of R, and two distinct vertices a and b are adjacent if and only if ab = ba. In this paper, we investigate the connectivity, the diameter, the maximum degree and the minimum degree of the commuting graph of group ring $Z_nQ_8$. The main result is that $\Gamma(Z_nQ_8)$ is connected if and only if n is not a prime. If $\Gamma(Z_nQ_8)$ is connected, then diam($Z_nQ_8$)= 3, while $\Gamma(Z_nQ_8)$ is disconnected then every connected component of $\Gamma(Z_nQ_8)$ must be a complete graph with a same size. Further, we obtain the degree of every vertex in $\Gamma(Z_nQ_8)$, the maximum degree and the minimum degree of $\Gamma(Z_nQ_8)$.

• 충청수학회지
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• 제23권2호
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• pp.207-213
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• 2010

In this paper, we define the q-extension of the Hardy-Littlewood-type maximal operator related to q-Volkenborn integral. By the meaning of the extension of q-Volkenborn integral, we obtain the boundedness of the q-extension of the Hardy-Littlewood-type maximal operator in the p-adic integer ring.

• 대한수학회보
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• 제42권3호
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• pp.477-484
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• 2005

Let R be a ring with an automorphism 17. An ideal [ of R is ($\sigma$-ideal of R if $\sigma$(I).= I. A proper ideal P of R is ($\sigma$-prime ideal of R if P is a $\sigma$-ideal of R and for $\sigma$-ideals I and J of R, IJ $\subseteq$ P implies that I $\subseteq$ P or J $\subseteq$ P. A proper ideal Q of R is $\sigma$-semiprime ideal of Q if Q is a $\sigma$-ideal and for a $\sigma$-ideal I of R, I$^{2}$ $\subseteq$ Q implies that I $\subseteq$ Q. The $\sigma$-prime radical is defined by the intersection of all $\sigma$-prime ideals of R and is denoted by P$_{(R). In this paper, the following results are obtained: (1) For a principal ideal domain R, P$_{(R) is the smallest $\sigma$-semiprime ideal of R; (2) For any ring R with an automorphism $\sigma$ and for a skew Laurent polynomial ring R[x, x$^{-1}$; $\sigma$], the prime radical of R[x, x$^{-1}$; $\sigma$] is equal to P$_{(R)[x, x$^{-1}$; $\sigma$ ].

• 대한수학회보
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• 제52권4호
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• pp.1285-1295
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• 2015

An SM domain is an integral domain which satisfies the ascending chain condition on w-ideals. Then an SM domain also satisfies the descending chain condition on those chains of v-ideals whose intersection is not zero. In this paper, a study is begun to extend these properties to commutative rings with zero divisors. A $Q_0$-SM ring is defined to be a ring which satisfies the ascending chain condition on semiregular w-ideals and satisfies the descending chain condition on those chains of semiregular v-ideals whose intersection is semiregular. In this paper, some properties of $Q_0$-SM rings are discussed and examples are provided to show the difference between $Q_0$-SM rings and SM rings and the difference between $Q_0$-SM rings and $Q_0$-Mori rings.

• 대한수학회보
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• 제44권1호
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• pp.1-12
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• 2007

In this paper, we consider the q-Volkenborn integral of uniformly differentiable functions on the p-adic integer ring. By using this integral, we obtain the generating functions of twisted q-generalized Bernoulli numbers and polynomials. We find some properties of these numbers and polynomials.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• 제57권7호
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• pp.333-336
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• 2014

Reports of constitutional ring chromosome 22, r(22) are rare. Individuals with r(22) present similar features as those with the 22q13 deletion syndrome. The instability in the ring chromosome contributes to the development of variable phenotypes. Central nervous system (CNS) atypical teratoid rhabdoid tumors (ATRTs) are rare, highly malignant tumors, primarily occurring in young children below 3 years of age. The majority of ATRT cases display genetic alterations of SMARCB1 (INI1/hSNF5 ), a tumor suppressor gene located on 22q11.2. The coexistence of a CNS ATRT in a child with a r(22) is rare. We present a case of a 4-month-old boy with 46,XY,r(22)(p13q13.3), generalized hypotonia and delayed development. High-resolution microarray analysis revealed a 3.5-Mb deletion at 22q13.31q13.33. At 11 months, the patient had an ATRT ($5.6cm{\times}5.0cm{\times}7.6cm$) in the cerebellar vermis, which was detected in the brain via magnetic resonance imaging.

• 대한수학회보
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• 제50권5호
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• pp.1501-1511
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• 2013

A ring R is called linearly McCoy if whenever linear polynomials $f(x)$, $g(x){\in}R[x]{\backslash}\{0\}$ satisfy $f(x)g(x)=0$, there exist nonzero elements $r,s{\in}R$ such that $f(x)r=sg(x)=0$. In this paper, extension properties of linearly McCoy rings are investigated. We prove that the polynomial ring over a linearly McCoy ring need not be linearly McCoy. It is shown that if there exists the classical right quotient ring Q of a ring R, then R is right linearly McCoy if and only if so is Q. Other basic extensions are also considered.

• 정보보호학회논문지
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• 제27권3호
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• pp.439-448
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• 2017

포스트 양자 암호라 할지라도 실제 디바이스에 이를 적용 할 때 부채널 분석 취약점이 존재한다는 것은 이미 알려져 있다. 코드 기반 McEliece 암호와 격자 기반 NTRU 암호에 대한 부채널 분석 연구 및 대응책 연구는 많이 이루어지고 있으나, ring-LWE 암호에 대한 부채널 분석 연구는 아직 미비하다. 이에 본 논문은 8비트 디바이스에서 ring-LWE 기반 암호가 동작할 때 적용 가능한 선택 암호문 SPA 공격을 제안한다. 제안하는 공격은 [$log_2q$]개의 파형으로 비밀키를 복구 할 수 있다. q는 보안 레벨과 관련된 파라미터로 128비트 또는 256비트의 보안 레벨을 만족하기 위해 각각 7681 또는 12289를 사용한다. 또한, 우리는 실제 디바이스에서 동작되는 ring-LWE 복호화 과정의 모듈러 덧셈에서 비밀키를 드러낼 수 있는 취약점이 존재함을 실험을 통해 보이고, 공격 시간 단축을 위한 두 벡터의 유사도 측정 방법을 이용한 공격에 대해 논한다.

• 대한수학회보
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• 제39권1호
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• pp.1-8
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• 2002

We characterize the commutative Artinian rings R every proper quotient ring (respectively every proper ideal) in which is invariant with respect to all derivations.

• 대한수학회보
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• 제29권1호
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• pp.153-163
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• 1992

Carlitz module is used to study abelian extensions of K=$F_{q}$(T). In number theory every abelian etension of Q is contained in a cyclotomic field. Similarly every abelian extension of $F_{q}$(T) with some condition on .inf. is contained in a cyclotomic function field. Hence the study of cyclotomic function fields in analogy with cyclotomic fields is an important subject in number theory. Much are known in this direction such as ring of integers, class groups and units ([G], [G-R]). In this article we are concerned with the ring of integers in a cyclotomic function field. In [G], it is shown that the ring of integers is generated by a primitive root of the Carlitz module using the ramification theory and localization. Here we will give another proof, which is rather elementary and explicit, of this fact following the methods in [W].[W].