• The Journal of Korean Association of Computer Education
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.1-11
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• 2020

The purpose of this study is to propose the direction of AI education in K-12 education through investigating and analyzing aspects of the purpose, content, and methods of AI education as the curriculum and teacher training factors. We collected and analyzed 9 papers as the primary literature and 11 domestic and foreign policy reports as the secondary literature. The collected literatures were analyzed by applying a descriptive reviews, and the implications were derived by analyzing the curriculum components and TPACK elements for multi-dimensional analysis. As a result of this study, AI education targets were divided into three steps: AI users, utilizer, and developers. In K-12 education, the user and utilizer stages are appropriate, and artificial intelligence literacy must be included for user education. Based on the current computing thinking ability and coding ability for utilizer education, the implication was derived that it is necessary to target the ability to create creative output by applying the functions of artificial intelligence. In addition to the pedagogical knowledge and the ability to use the platform, The teacher training is necessary because teachers need content knowledge such as problem-solving, reasoning, learning, perception, and some applied mathematics, cognitive / psychological / ethical of AI.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.14 no.7
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• pp.403-409
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• 2016

This study is a food shopping experience of omni-channel. Food threats and healthy living concerns bring different channels in led to increase reasonable way such as various demand. Omni-channels should be premised on understanding customer behavior as well as empirical user types in which considerations including the value of experience and understanding consumer behavior. Online survey result showed that, (1)offline food shopping, major retail store with quality, buy fresh food directly 2~3 times a month (2)online food shopping, e-commerce site with costs, buy fruits & nuts 2~3 times a month. After in-depth interview with eight high quality participants, I analyzed needs for food shopping experience in regard to the four steps food purchasing journey then derived a persona with integral value 'health' and 'diet'. It is classified into two types. One is the primary persona, family and health oriented, considering household money 'saving', and other is secondary persona, work and personal oriented, looking forward to 'automatic supply'. The result of this study provided an insight that help us explore ways to resolve function and services in the context of a healthy and balanced diet for improving food shopping experience of omni-channel.

• The KIPS Transactions:PartD
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• v.11D no.1
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• pp.229-240
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• 2004

The National Education Information System (NEIS), one of ERP systems developed by Ministry of Education & Human Resources Development, has been utilized in primary and secondary schools. In this paper, we considered the NEIS should be used not only for educational administration affairs, but also for a lifelong management of National Human Resource. The current School Information Management System (SIMS) is unsatisfactory due to the insufficiency of actual field suitability and user's conveniency. For solving such problems, the system rebuilding or revision should be accompanied by. As a guideline of revision and supplement of the SIMS, we suggest an application useful in both schools and clinics by the integrating healthcare management information of people. For this, we propose a lifelong healthcare information management by integrating Student Health Records of the NEIS with Electronic Medical Records of doctors' offices. The healthcare information is designed and represented in XML. We applied different XSL style-sheets to XML documents in order to offer a view suitable for demands of schools and clinics. The healthcare information can be managed and utilized efficiently by using the view. We ascertained that the lifelong Healthcare Information Management System is an improvement to overcome the inefficiency of healthcare information management and the connection inadequacy between schools and medical institutions, and is desirable for a lifelong management of the National Human Resource.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.18 no.10
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• pp.745-755
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• 2017

University campuses try to satisfy students' demands. Therefore, the physical environment of university campuses keeps changing. Due to the increasing the number of students and shortage of school building facilities, it is necessary to improve the facilities and create new space in the campus, in order to solve this problem and improve the universities. At the moment, the learning method of university students is evolving toward discussion sessions involving fellow students and presentations utilizing multimedia facilities. In response to these changes, a new type of independent space has appeared, which is called the Group Study Room. In this study, we analyze the spatial characteristics of the Group Study Room. Also, through an IPA(Importance Performance Analysis), this study tries to examine the relationship between the spatial characteristics and users' satisfaction. This analysis is expected to reveal the importance of the spatial characteristics of the group study rooms from the users' point of view. This research can be used for facility planning in universities in the future. The primary aim of this study is to analyze the physical environment of the Group Study Rooms of K university. The secondary aim of this study is to manifest the characteristics of these new learning spaces and to check the space elements of the group study rooms for the sake of efficient planning and management.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment & Safety
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• v.25 no.7
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• pp.927-935
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• 2019

Screw-failure accidents in small ships frequently occur in coastal waters. In particular, vessels' propulsion systems are frequently coiled due to objects such as fish-nets and ropes that float on the sea. The failure of the ship's propulsion system can cause primary accidents such as ship operation delays and drifting due to loss of power; furthermore, the possibility of secondary accidents such as those involving operators in the underwater removal of rope stuck in a propeller. Ships that do not have the proper tools to solve these problems must be either lifted onto land to be repaired or divers must dive directly under the ship to solve the problem. Accordingly, some small vessels have been equipped with rope-cutter devices on the propeller shaft to prevent ship propeller system accidents in recent years; however, they are not being applied efficiently due to the cost and time of installation. To solve these problems, this study develops an underwater rope-cutter device and controller for the removal of propeller and shaft foreign material in small vessels. This device has simple structures that use the principle of a saw. Meteor gears and crank pins were used for the straight-line rotation of saw blades of the underwater rope-cutters to allow for long strokes. Furthermore, the underwater rope-cutting machines can be operated by being connected to the ship battery. The user, a non-professional, can ensure convenience and stability by applying reverse current prevention and a speed control circuit so that it can be used more conveniently and safely.

• Journal of Korean Library and Information Science Society
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• v.53 no.1
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• pp.55-79
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• 2022

In this study, the current status of operation was analyzed with a view to analyze the areas in need of improvement and the status of portals of similar institutions. Based on which, a proposal was made to help improve the function of utilization as well as search the products of studies by and for the research institutes funded by the government having jurisdiction by applying the information service technology developing in line with the fourth industrial revolution for the purposes of aiding and fostering with efficiency toward achieving the goal of establishment for such institutes, while strengthening the utility of NKIS. First, in order to secure the membership, it is necessary to find the targets for policy information and promotion, and it is also necessary to increase the demand for policy information, such as by preparing the people friendly policy reports, infographics, and information delivery in an easy manner. Second, it is necessary to provide customized services in the manner which reinforces reports and policy data on the social issues and education topics, which are among the interests of the primary user base by considering the ratio of visiting occupations. Third, for the diversification and expansion of video data services, it is necessary to prepare alternatives, such as by setting regulations and encouraging the institutions of jurisdiction to upload the video data. Fourth, it will be necessary to improve the overall public relations service. It is also necessary to proceed with the NKIS' publicity webtoon serialization with the latest contents or abolish the current webtoon promotion, while it is necessary to derive the plans for the efficient implementation of the contest, further to the need to discuss the secondary publicity after the contest rather than halting after it.

• Journal of Gifted/Talented Education
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• v.11 no.3
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• pp.131-153
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• 2001

The importance of identifying gifted children during early childhood is becoming recognized. Nonetheless, most researchers preferred to study the primary and secondary levels where children are already and more clearly demonstrating what talents they have, and where more reliable predictions of gifted may be made. Comparatively lisle work has been done in this area. When we identify giftedness during early childhood, we have to consider the potential of the young children rather than on actual achievement. Giftedness during early childhood is still developing and less stable than that of older children and this prevents us from making firm and accurate predictions based on children's actual achievement. Dynamic assessment, based on Vygotsky's concept of the zone of proximal development(ZPD), suggests a new idea in the way the gifted young children are identified. In light of dynamic assessment, for identifying the potential giftedness of young children. we need to involve measuring both unassisted and assisted performance. Dynamic assessment usually consists of a test-intervene-retest format that focuses attention on the improvement in child performance when an adult provides mediated assistance on how to master the testing task. The advantages of the dynamic assessment are as follows: First, the dynamic assessment approach can provide a useful means for assessing young gifted child who have not demonstrated high ability on traditional identification method. Second, the dynamic assessment approach can assess the learning process of young children. Third, the dynamic assessment can lead an individualized education by the early identification of young gifted children. Fourth, the dynamic assessment can be a more accurate predictor of potential by linking diagnosis and instruction. Thus, it can make us provide an educational treatment effectively for young gifted children.

• Journal of Wetlands Research
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• v.24 no.4
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• pp.345-353
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• 2022

A wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) is a major gateway for the engineered nano-particles (ENPs) entering the water bodies. However existing studies have reported that many WWTPs exceed the No Observed Effective Concentration (NOEC) for ENPs in the effluent and thus they need to be designed or operated to more effectively control ENPs. Understanding and predicting ENPs behaviors in the unit and \the whole process of a WWTP should be the key first step to develop strategies for controlling ENPs using a WWTP. This study aims to provide a modeling tool for predicting behaviors and removal efficiencies of ENPs in a WWTP associated with process characteristics and major operating conditions. In the developed model, four unit processes for water treatment (primary clarifier, bioreactor, secondary clarifier, and tertiary treatment unit) were considered. Additionally the model simulates the sludge treatment system as a single process that integrates multiple unit processes including thickeners, digesters, and dewatering units. The simulated ENP was nano-sized TiO₂, (nano-TiO₂) assuming that its behavior in a WWTP is dominated by the attachment with suspendid solids (SS), while dissolution and transformation are insignificant. The attachment mechanism of nano-TiO₂ to SS was incorporated into the model equations using the apparent solid-liquid partition coefficient (Kd) under the equilibrium assumption between solid and liquid phase, and a steady state condition of nano-TiO₂ was assumed. Furthermore, an MS Excel-based user interface was developed to provide user-friendly environment for the nano-TiO₂ removal efficiency calculations. Using the developed model, a preliminary simulation was conducted to examine how the solid retention time (SRT), a major operating variable affects the removal efficiency of nano-TiO₂ particles in a WWTP.

• Radiation Oncology Journal
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.238-244
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• 2003

Purpose: The Planning of High-Dose-Rate (HDR) brachytherapy treatments are becoming individualized and more dependent on the treatment planning system. Therefore, computer software has been developed to perform independent point dose calculations with the integration of an isodose distribution curve display into the patient anatomy images. Meterials and Methods: As primary input data, the program takes patients'planning data including the source dwell positions, dwell times and the doses at reference points, computed by an HDR treatment planning system (TPS). Dosimetric calculations were peformed in a $10\times12\times10\;Cm^3$ grid space using the Interstitial Collaborative Working Group (ICWG) formalism and an anisotropy table for the HDR Iridium-192 source. The computed doses at the reference points were automatically compared with the relevant results of the TPS. The MR and simulation film images were then imported and the isodose distributions on the axial, sagittal and coronal planes intersecting the point selected by a user were superimposed on the imported images and then displayed. The accuracy of the software was tested in three benchmark plans peformed by Gamma-Med 12i TPS (MDS Nordion, Germany). Nine patients'plans generated by Plato (Nucletron Corporation, The Netherlands) were verified by the developed software. Results: The absolute doses computed by the developed software agreed with the commercial TPS results within an accuracy of $2.8\%$ in the benchmark plans. The isodose distribution plots showed excellent agreements with the exception of the tip legion of the source's longitudinal axis where a slight deviation was observed. In clinical plans, the secondary dose calculations had, on average, about a $3.4\%$ deviation from the TPS plans. Conclusion: The accurate validation of complicate treatment plans is possible with the developed software and the qualify of the HDR treatment plan can be improved with the isodose display integrated into the patient anatomy information.