• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.20 no.10
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• pp.309-317
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• 2019

This study examined the effects of cooperative art activities according to visiting a forest on fulfilling young children's leadership ability and happiness. To achieve this, a study was conducted on experimental and non-experimental groups of 20 young children in classes A and B at S kindergarten, and also a group of children of the same age in a similar environment. The 16-session forest experience play activity program was planned for conducting research on the children's leadership ability and happiness fullness when using the Nuri curriculum, and this was carried out on the experimental group for 2 months. The pre- and post-analyses were carried out on the non-experimental group after outdoor activities on the topic of the Nuri curriculum-related activities. The results were as follows. First, cooperative art activities through the forest experience had a positive effect on the children's reinvention ability, human relations, goal achievement and direction power, which are all sub-factors of their leadership. Second, cooperative art activities through the forest experience had a positive effect on positive emotions, commitment, personal relations, meaning and achievement, which are sub-factors of their total happiness. Overall, their cooperative art activities during the forest experience were judged to be facilitating factors that have a positive effect on their leadership and happiness fullness.

• Journal of Wetlands Research
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.84-94
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• 2019

The Seocheon and Yubu Island mudflats in Geum Estuary are important stopover sites for migratory birds as energy supplementation area in the East Asia-Australasian Flyway. Benthic invertebrates in the tidal flats are important food resources for the migratory birds. In other words, benthic invertebrates in the tidal flats play an important ecological role in energy flow. This study was conducted to investigate the relationship between benthic invertebrate assemblages and environmental factors in Seocheon and Yubudo tidal flats in the Geum Estuary. As a result of the benthic invertebrate assemblage during the fall migration season, the total species number was 147, density and biomass were $1,772{\pm}1,342individuals/m^2$ and $445.1{\pm}807.6g/m^2$, respectively. Based on the appearance species and the density data, the result of analysis of mutual similarity among sampling sites was divided into two groups. Group A was the Macrophthalmus-Heteromastus community and Group B was the Spio-Urothoe-Mandibulophoxus community. Group B showed higher mean species number, density and biomass than Group A. The BIO-ENV analysis showed that the benthic invertebrate assemblages were most affected by the combination of sand content % and sediment sorting (${\rho}=0.500$). The variables of significant relationship with species number and biomass were sediment sorting (p=0.015) and the pore water DO(Dissolved Oxygen, p=0.003) in sediment, respectively.

• Korean Journal of Biological Psychiatry
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.8-13
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• 2019

Objectives Disrupted integrities of the fornix and stria terminalis have been suggested in schizophrenia. However, very few studies have focused on the fornix and stria terminalis comparing first-episode schizophrenia (FESZ), chronic schizophrenia (CS), and healthy controls (HCs) with the application of diffusion-tensor imaging (DTI) technique. The objective of this study is to compare the connectivity of the fornix and stria terminalis among FESZ, CS, and HCs. Methods We included the 44 FESZ patients, 39 CS patients and 20 HCs in this study. Voxel-wise statistical analysis of the fractional anisotropy (FA) data was performed using Tract-Based Spatial Statistics to analyze the connectivity of fornix and stria terminalis. In addition, the Scale for the Assessment of Positive Symptoms (SAPS) and the Scale for the Assessment of Negative Symptoms (SANS) were used to evaluate clinical symptom severities. Results There were no significant differences between the FESZ, CS, and HCs in age, sex, education years. The SAPS and SANS scores of the schizophrenia groups showed no significant differences. FA values of the right fornix cres/stria terminalis in the CS group were significantly lower than those in FESZ and HCs. There were no significant differences of FA values of the right fornix cres/stria terminalis between the FESZ and the HCs. Pearson correlation analyses revealed that significant correlation between FA values of the right fornix cres/stria terminalies of the the FESZ group and positive, negative symptom scales, and FA values of the right fornix cres/stria terminalis of the CS group and negative symptom scales. Conclusions This study shows that FA values of the fornix and stria terminalis in the CS were lower than in the FESZ and the HCs. These results suggest that the fornix and stria terminalis can play a role in pathophysiology of schizophrenia. Thus current study can broaden our understanding of the pathophysiology of schizophrenia.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.218-227
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• 2019

The term practical means that you actually use what you learn. Unlike that meaning, however, the curriculum is operated by specific majors of some professors. And we can be seen in many colleges. Jazz is a prime example. Jazz is a genre only for some maniacs and there is not much places to play on the pop scene. But this genre is now packaged as representative studies of practical music. This affects even cram schools, preparing for college entrance exams, while high school students are also learning, playing and preparing Jazz to take the exams. Of course, Jazz is a field of music, but it is a very sad reality, considering it can never be the mainstream of popular music. It has been 20 years since the department of practical music was established at a four-year university. The number of graduates will also be very large. Now that the role of a university is related to employment, it's time to look at how the graduates are getting jobs and whether they are working in music. And it will also be important to ensure that the curriculum of the department is reasonably managed to connect with employment in reality. Practical learning will be not only respond immediately to market changes but establishment and operation of education courses should be carried out accordingly. In this study, we will discuss curriculum of vocal at universities, concrete examples of operations, and reasonable vocal courses that can be connected to employment.

• Journal of Music and Human Behavior
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.23-39
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• 2018

The purpose of this research was to investigate the effects of respiratory rehabilitation using a wind instrument for patients suffering from spinal cord injuries. From January 15, 2018 to April 15, 2018, we conducted ten 1-hour sessions of a harmonica program with eight patients with spinal cord injuries with average age of 37 years who could not perform abdominal breathing by themselves. We measured and compared patients' breathing capacity before and after the 10 sessions. Designed particularly for patients with spinal cord injuries resulting in a limited range of neck movement, the study used a 10-hole diatonic harmonica whose length was relatively short. For those patients who had difficulty using their hands, a harmonica holder was provided. Participants were trained to play simple tunes. They were guided to use abdominal breathing to make sounds, with emphasis on those parts requiring long and strong breathing. The results showed that for all eight patients both their breathing volume and their inspiratory volume increased following participation in the harmonica program. Also, the program had psychological benefits (e.g., more life satisfaction and less sadness) and additional physical benefits (e.g., less dizziness due to low blood pressure and better phlegm spitting). This study offers a unique way to help patients with spinal cord injuries to improve their breathing capacity, which may also be associated with a greater quality of life.

• The Journal of Sustainable Design and Educational Environment Research
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.49-61
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• 2019

In this study, interviews are held with the faculties of two elementary schools on narrow sites located in Seoul to examine the existing problems of the elementary school on narrow site and the need for the new facilities of the elementary school on narrow site in order to derive the implications for the planning guidelines of such school construction. As a result of the survey, it was found that the substitutes of the playground installed in the elementary school on narrow site were not suitable for physical play activities, physical education class activities, and other curriculum operations. In order to secure an adequate physical activity an space for elementary schools, faculty members were demanding that the entire floor or rooftop of the school building be spatialized for physical activities. Additionally, problems such as noise generation and the lack of special rooms and public space were occurring in the elementary schools on narrow sites and are being deteriorated by accommodating an over number of students, and therefore policies are required to ensure that the appropriate number of students are maintained in the case of the schools on narrow sites.

• The Korean Journal of Applied Statistics
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• v.33 no.6
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• pp.823-832
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• 2020

The analgesic effects of music in people with glasses on perceived pain through cold-pressor task (CPT) is assessed based on three-sequence, three-period, crossover trial with three treatment conditions(music-listening, news-listening, and no-sound) to each subject. Fifty subjects are divided into three sequence groups by randomization, and CPTs under the pre-assigned treatment conditions at each period are performed. Pain responses after each CPT, subjects' pain tolerance (PT) in time scale and pain intensity (PI) and pain unpleasantness (PU) in visual analog scale (VAS) are measured. After classifying the group by whether or not to wear glasses, which is the phenotype of the myopia gene, pain responses are compared by F-tests and Tukey's multiple comparisons. CPT pain responses in group with glasses during the music intervention are significantly different from responses during the news intervention and the control conditions, respectively. This study investigates the pain responses of music intervention in the group wearing glasses, which can be seen as a phenotype of the nearsighted gene, and this result would play a role in explaining the biopsychosocial model of the pain mechanism.

• The Korean Journal of Franchise Management
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• v.10 no.3
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• pp.25-35
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• 2019

Purpose - The major objective of this study was to investigate the effect of franchisor's (economic and philanthropic) CSR in inspiring franchisee's loyalty for the franchisor. Another aim of this investigation also was to clarify the mediating role of economic and social satisfaction in the relationship between franchisor's CSR and franchisee's loyalty. Research design, data, and methodology - This study explores the structural relationship between franchisor's CSR and franchisee's loyalty and in these relationships, the mediating role of relationship satisfaction. Data were gathered from employees(above manager) in food-service franchisee companies in Seoul, Korea. The questionnaires were distributed to managers of the franchise stores. A total of 251 questionnaires were collected. Data management and analysis were performed using SPSS 21.O and SmartPLS 3.0. Evaluation of measurement model and structural model was carried out using confirmatory factor analysis and correlation analysis. Result - The results of this study show as follows. First, economic CSR had positive effects on economic satisfaction and social satisfaction. Second, philanthropic CSR had positive effects on social satisfaction. Third, economic satisfaction and social satisfaction had positive effects on franchisee's loyalty to the franchisor. Conclusions - The important implications of this study have as follows. First, this study has found that economic CSR can create a high economic satisfaction and social satisfaction of franchisee. Second, this findings suggest that the philanthropic CSR can improve the social satisfaction of franchisee. Third, this results demonstrate, for the first time, that the economic satisfaction and social satisfaction of franchisees can play a crucial role to improve their loyalty for the franchisor and pursue mutual development by maintaining the stable business relationship with a franchisor. In this investigation there are at least three limitations. First, Because the research sample is limited to the foodservice franchisee in Seoul, it is not possible to be representativeness of the national franchisee. Second, CSR activities are mostly focused on large franchise companies. Therefore, there is a limit to the research approach. Finally, this study examined the effect of economic CSR and philanthropic CSR on the loyalty of franchisors, but in the future study, it is necessary to analyze the relationship between CSR and loyalty of franchise companies by collecting specific quantitative data such as re-contract rate and management performance of franchisees.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.697-706
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• 2021

The purpose of this study is to find out whether the many start-up support programs provided by a college can actually help students start a business, and to discuss what role colleges should have as facilitators of student entrepreneurship. To this end, a qualitative study was conducted with seven students who wished to start a business by utilizing start-up education and support programs provided by College Y. As a result of the study, the participants first mentioned parallel and administrative inefficiency in entrepreneurship and the entrepreneurship programs. Second, the implications for the role of colleges in fostering start-up content are systematic planning and guidance for start-up programs operated by the college, concise administrative procedures, mentoring in various start-up items, and securing a test market. It can be said that the concept of a common office in which students can work together is necessary. The study is significant in that it can help to establish a start-up support plan by suggesting what role colleges should play in relation to entrepreneurship, but its limitation is that its scope includes only one specific major.

• The Journal of Korean Philosophical History
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• no.30
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• pp.259-282
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• 2010

Ethical value of Confucianism seeks to realize the ideal of life to the reality, through ethical life. It is discussed based on myself, which is the main ethical agent, in relationship with the others. These traditional values include universality in the homogeneous aspect such as humanism that has been commonly sought by the human race, or awe toward the absolute one. 'Pursuit of universality in the Korean context' ultimately seeks 'Korean ethics', that prevailed in Korea, based on the Korean traditional culture. Therefore, we should comprehensively understand this universality and diversity, so called 'us'. Through the understanding, we should play an active role of culture creators as noble persons that realize fraternity, along with respect to each culture. Studies on traditional ethics will not only be an important opportunity to look at the history and current status of ethics, but also it will be a cornerstone to understand the Korean mind-set based on the Korean culture. Recently, establishing Korean identity and recovery of ethics damaged due to anomie of value are key social issues. Studies on traditional value are not separated from this issue. If our adolescents are able to correctly understand the traditional ethics and pursue a life recreating it, they will be able to enjoy healthier life, contributing to a healthier society.