• 아동학회지
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• 제29권4호
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• pp.97-113
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• 2008

In order to examine the antecedents of socially reticent, solitary passive and solitary active behaviors in preschoolers, 38 2 year olds were observed in Kagan's(1989) traditional behavioral inhibition paradigm and thereafter, at age four, in a same age, same sex quartet of peers. Correlation analysis revealed the independent and unique nature of solitary passive, solitary active and reticence behaviors at age 4 suggesting the heterogeneity of the three forms of solitude during the preschool period. Regression analysis indicated that associations between 2 year old inhibition and shyness and 4 year old reticence were positive when mothers demonstrated a high frequency of over protectiveness; similarly, associations between 2 year old inhibition and shyness and 4 year old solitary active behavior were significant and positive when mothers demonstrated high frequencies of authoritarian behavior.

• 한국식생활문화학회지
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• 제18권6호
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• pp.515-526
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• 2003

The object of this study was to investigate the relationship between the eating habits of high(4th, 5th, 6th) grade elementary school students and parental behavior characteristics(affection, rational guidance, overprotect and neglect). The parenting behavior scale and demographic variables, eating habits and food frequency were administered to the subjects. In this investigation, the subjects were 396 boys and 337 girls in Chunju city in Korea, 50.1% of the mothers was in the age from 35 to 39 years and 57.8% of the mother had an occupation. Data were analyzed by using a SPSS PS package. Significant differences and correlation among variables were determined by the frequency, $x^2-test$ and pearson's correlation coefficient. Eating habits was significantly influenced by mother's employment status, but was not affected by the levels of mother's education and income. Parental behavior characteristics was significantly related to the children's snacks habits(p<0.05, p<0.01), but have no connection with dietary habits and the eating out. The survey revealed higher percentage of the children who had taken affectionate, reasonable and positively reinforced child care, answered they enjoy meals and the other groups answered they did not. Also frequency of having soup, green vegetables, fruits, dairy products had positive relationship with affective, reasonable rearing attitude, but negative relationship with neglective rearing attitude. And the survey showed children who were reared in overprotect had chocolate, candy and the like in large quantities.

• 한국아동복지학
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• 제36호
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• pp.133-163
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• 2011

본 연구는 미국 저소득 미혼모가구의 사회적 지지가 아동의 문제행동과 인지능력에 미치는 영향을 분석하였다. 스트레스-대응모델과 가족과정모델, 사회적 지지에 관한 이론적 관점을 기초로 사회적 지지가 아동발달에 영향을 제공하는 직접효과와 미혼모의 양육스트레스를 매개로 한 간접효과를 분석하였다. 본 연구를 위해 미국 취약가족아동복지연구의 종단패널자료를 사용하였으며, 전체 1,315명의 저소득 미혼모가구와 빈곤아동이 분석에 사용되었다. 분석결과, 사회적 지지는 아동문제행동에 직접적인 영향을 제공하는 것으로 분석되었으며, 양육스트레스를 매개로 한 간접효과도 발견되었다. 반면에 사회적 지지는 아동인지능력에 직접적으로 유의미한 영향을 제공하지는 않으나 양육스트레스와 아동문제행동을 매개로 한 간접효과를 제공하는 것으로 나타났다. 본 연구결과를 토대로 저소득 미혼모가구의 경제적 환경을 개선하고 양육스트레스를 완화하기 위한 정책적 함의와 서비스방안에 대해 논의하였다.

• 대한가정학회지
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• 제37권3호
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• pp.143-156
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• 1999

This study examined the role of maternal attribution in Parenting behaviors. Using an attributional model, it assessed whether maternal attributions about children's knowledge, capacity, expectation, and responsibility for behavior problems have effects on maternal behaviors of affect and authoritarian control. The sample consisted of 297 mothers who have first-and forth-grade children. Multivariate regression analysis revealed that matemal attribution about children’s knowledge for misconduct had positive influence on maternal affect and negative influence on authoritarian control behaviors, and that maternal attribution of expectation negatively influenced the behaviors of authoritarian control. In addition, such background factors as child age, gender, family income, family type, maternal education, and self-esteem were significant predictors for maternal attributions. In regard of mothering behaviors, child age, maternal age, and self-esteem were related to maternal affect, while family type and maternal self-esteem were related to authoritarian control. The findings suggest the importance of matemal attributions in parenting for better child development.

• 아동학회지
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• 제25권6호
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• pp.241-257
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• 2004

Data were collected from 514 elementary school students from 1st to 6th grade with questionnaires on Parental Behavior, Bullying, and Peer-Victimization. Sixth graders reported the lowest perception of warmth-acceptance, and 1st graders reported the highest perception of rejection-restriction by fathers. Males perceived more parental rejection-restriction. Children perceived more warmth-acceptance from mothers, and they perceived more permissiveness-nonintervention from fathers. Parenting behaviors were significantly related to bullying and victimization. The Bullying/Victimization group reported the lowest parental warmth-acceptance. Both Victimization and Bullying/Victimization groups showed higher parental rejection-restriction than other groups. The Victimization group showed highest paternal permissiveness-nonintervention. Victimization and Bullying/Victimization groups reported higher maternal permissiveness-nonintervention than other groups.

• 대한가정학회지
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• 제39권11호
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• pp.209-222
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• 2001

The purpose of this study was to examine the relations between mothers's and children's characteristics, maternal separation anxiety, and overprotective parenting with a sample of 212 mothers of 3-6 year-old children. The subjects reported maternal separation anxiety, children's initial temperament, their own experience in the childhood and personality, and overprotectiveness. The results indicated that 1) mothers who experienced higher parental acceptance showed higher maternal separation anxiety; 2) mothers who perceived that their children had avoidant temperament showed higher material separation anxiety; 3) mothers who showed higher separation anxiety reported higher overprotectiveness; 4) maternal separation anxiety played a mediating role in the relations between children's approach-avoidance temperament and mothers' sheltering behavior.

• 대한가정학회지
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• 제46권1호
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• pp.73-86
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• 2008

The purpose of this study was to investigate the personal traits of children's characteristics as well as those of mothers' on the children's maladjustment behaviors. The study subjects were 345 preschooler-mother pairs. Results revealed that boys exhibited more maladjustment behaviors than girls, as expected. The results of a three way ANOVA analyses indicated that the multiple interactive factors of the children's temperament, cognitive outcomes, and parenting attitudes significantly affected the children's maladjustment behaviors. This trend was only representative across the sample of boys. In this study, the interaction effects of negative parenting attitudes and the children's lower levels of cognitive development on the children's maladjustment capacity were accentuated among boys with temperamental vulnerability.

• 아동학회지
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• 제34권1호
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• pp.103-121
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• 2013

The purpose of this study was to explore Korean mothers' beliefs regarding their toddlers' temperament, including what they believe constitutes desirable and undesirable behavior, and their resulting reactions. Data were collected int the process of interviewing 50 Korean mothers of toddlers (whose average age was 34.1 Months, and of which 54% were boys). Results revealed that mothers considered 'High-Sociality', 'Positive Affect' and 'High-Effortful Control' as desirable temperaments, whereas 'Negative Affect', 'Under-Effortful Control' and 'Low Sociality' were considered to be undesirable temperaments for toddlers. Mothers cited the importance of child 'Sociality' and 'Development', 'Easiness of Parenting' and 'Child Happiness' as the reasons for their beliefs. While, they considered 'Negative Affect', 'Under-Effortful Control' and 'Low Sociality' to be undesirable temperaments, citing 'Sociality', 'Difficulty of Parenting', 'Development' and 'Child Safety' as the reasons. Finally, mothers were more likely to give verbal encouragement or physical encouragement such as hugging, in responding to desirable behavior on the part of their child, whereas they were more likely to give firm inhibition, reasoning or inconsistent reaction to their child's undesirable behavior. Many of the mothers' beliefs varied depending on the child's gender. Results were discussed in relation to cultural perspectives.

• 한국보육지원학회지
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• 제11권5호
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• pp.191-214
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• 2015

본 연구에서는 유아의 기질, 부모의 양육방식, 교사-유아 상호작용이 또래상호작용에 미치는 영향을 조사하고자 하였다. 분석을 위해 육아정책연구소의 한국아동패널의 5차년도(2012) 데이터 중 996명의 4세 유아 자료를 t 검증, 일원변량분석, 적률상관분석, 중다회귀분석하였다. 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 유아의 기질 중 사회성과 활동성이 높을수록, 교사의 긍정적 상호작용이 적을수록 놀이방해를 많이 하였다. 둘째, 유아의 사회성기질이 강할수록 교사가 긍정적인 상호작용을 많이 할수록 놀이상호작용이 많이 나타났다. 여아는 어머니가 통제적 양육을 많이 할수록 놀이상호작용을 많이 하였다. 셋째, 유아의 정서성기질이 강할수록, 사회성기질이 약할수록 교사의 긍정적 상호작용이 적을수록 놀이단절을 많이 하였다. 남아는 아버지가 사회적 양육을 적게 할수록 놀이단절을 많이 하였다. 넷째, 교사-유아 상호작용이 유아의 또래상호작용에 가장 강력한 영향을 미치는 변인이었으며 그 다음 유아기질의 영향력이 큰 것으로 나타났다. 본 연구의 결과는 유아의 또래상호작용의 증진을 위한 교사역할의 중요성을 시사하고 있다.

• 가정과삶의질연구
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• 제25권4호
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• pp.43-55
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• 2007

The Purpose of this study was to investigate the ecological variables on adolescent's sociometric popularity. Independent variables were organism(sex, age, aggression, self-esteem, impulsiveness, prosocial behavior, dominance), microsystem(parenting style, family support, friends relationship, teacher support), mesosystem(family-peer relationship, family-school relationship), and exosystem(positive community environment, social support of extended family, school's policy). The subjects were 835 - 1st and 2nd graders of two middle and two high schools in Daegu. Adolescent's sociometric popularity and ecological variables were measured with questionnaire. Adolescent's sociometric popularity was measured with sociometric popularity questionnaire. Organism variables were measured with sex, age, aggression, self-esteem, impulsiveness, prosocial behavior and dominance questionnaire. Microsystem variables were measured with parenting style, family support, friends relationship and teacher support questionnaire. Mesosystem variables were measured with family-peer relationship and family-school relationship questionnaire. Exosystem variables were measured with positive community environment, social support of extended family and school's policy questionnaire. The data analyzed by frequency, percentage, mean, cronbach's $\alpha$, and multiple regression. The major findings were as follows: First, adolescent's sociometric popularity was affected by age, overt aggression, academic self-esteem, social self-esteem, and impulsiveness of organism variables. Second, adolescent's sociometric popularity was affected by mother's affectional parenting, mother's control parenting, and attachment to friends of microsystem variables. Third, adolescent's sociometric popularity was affected by family - peer relationship and family - school relationship of mesosystem variables. Fourth, adolescent's sociometric popularity was affected by appraisal support of extended family, after-school activity, and circle activity of exosystem variables.