• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• 2007.06a
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• pp.619-622
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• 2007

PDA provides an opportunity for users to study anytime and anywhere because it is portable and convenient thanks to its relatively small size. However, users may face difficulties to fully recognize the characters provided through lecture videos, due to its low resolution and small scaled screen. This thesis proposes a system of remote lecture in which the size of videos can be adjusted and transmitted on the basis of contents necessary for study, using detection of region-of-interest(ROI) image, and a method of image scaling in a bid to solve such a problem of PDAs. The experiment on 802.11b wireless network shows that the proposed system is able to provide more optimized lecture videos than in existing method.

• Journal of Korean Tunnelling and Underground Space Association
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.89-96
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• 2005

Due to fast development of digital equipments, various information techniques have been applied to the tunneling and a decision aid system based on IT has also been used during excavation stage. A PDA based informative tunneling method is, therefore, studied in this paper and the decision aids for tunneling using digital face mapping data as well as geologic information in terms of digital data is developed. For this, wireless network, mobile computer, CDMA and digital camera have been combined to generate the digital map of the tunnel face and reinforcement or excavation pattern can be estimated based on digitalized geologic conditions. Future studies will be concentrated on the enhancement of the PDA S/W so that reinforcement method as well as the amount of reinforcements can also be stored in the same DB. Furthermore, field application of the S/W will be undertaken and a virtual reality technique will also be introduced to visualize all the tunneling work on the computer monitor.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• v.60 no.6
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• pp.175-180
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• 2017

Purpose: Plasma level of B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP), an emerging, sensitive, and specific biomarker of hemodynamically significant patent ductus arteriosus (PDA), rapidly decreases in infants receiving cyclooxygenase inhibitors for ductal closure. We investigated the usefulness of serial BNP measurement as a guide for individual identification of early constrictive responses to ibuprofen in preterm infants with symptomatic PDA (sPDA). Methods: Before March 2010, the standard course of pharmacological treatment was initiated with indomethacin (or ibuprofen) and routinely followed by 2 additional doses at intervals of 24 hours. After April 2010, individualized pharmacological treatment was used, starting with the first dose of ibuprofen and withholding additional ibuprofen doses if the BNP concentration was <600 pg/mL and clinical symptoms of PDA improved. Results: The BNP-guided group received significantly fewer doses of ibuprofen than the standard group did during the first course of treatment and the entire study period. The need for further doses of cyclooxygenase inhibitors and for surgical ligation was not significantly different between the 2 groups. No significant differences were seen in clinical outcomes and/or complications related to sPDA and/or pharmacological treatment. Conclusion: Individualized BNP-guided pharmacological treatment may be used clinically to avoid unnecessary doses of cyclooxygenase inhibitors without increasing the ductal closure failure and the short-term morbidity related to sPDA.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.36 no.2
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• pp.189-195
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• 2004

Rapid and simple method was developed for simultaneous determination of vitamins A and E contents in infant formula. Vitamins A and E were extracted by PDA-HPLC with reversed phase column using organic solvent, and their contents in Certified Reference Material (CRM) and infant formula were determined and compared with results of Food Standards Codex and AOAC method for evaluation of developed method, Vitamins A and E contents in CRM determined by developed method were within certified range of standard values. Developed method has great advantages of simple and rapid sample preparation and simultaneous determination of vitamins A and E by PDA-HPLC using reversed phase column.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Radiology
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.11-16
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• 2008

Radiation is used in various field, including medical science, engineering science, agricultural science and other industrial fields and the use frequency of radiation is increasing thanks to the development of radiation technology. Although radiation contributes to the mankind so much, we must pay attention to radiation damage by its influence on human body. To use radiation properly and prevent the radiation damage, it is necessary to measure radiation exactly and to practice thorough research and education on the basis of this measurement. In this study, I suggest the method to measure radiation wirelessly without the limit of time and space, not approaching radiation having a harmful effect on human body by using ubiquitous computing technology. For the realization of suggested method, the wireless transmission technology of CDMA network is used and after installing embedded system in PDA, the measurement value is displayed through accessing CDMA network with PDA in radiation measurement system of having fixed IP. If we use the proposed method of this study, we don't have to approach radiation that is harmful to the human and can read the measurement value that is marked in PDA through CDMA network by radiation measurement system of having fixed IP.

• The KIPS Transactions:PartB
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• v.12B no.7 s.103
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• pp.795-802
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• 2005

In this paper, we present a facial expression recognition-synthesis system that recognizes 7 basic emotion information automatically and renders face with non-photorelistic style in PDA For the recognition of the facial expressions, first we need to detect the face area within the image acquired from the camera. Then, a normalization procedure is applied to it for geometrical and illumination corrections. To classify a facial expression, we have found that when Gabor wavelets is combined with enhanced Fisher model the best result comes out. In our case, the out put is the 7 emotional weighting. Such weighting information transmitted to the PDA via a mobile network, is used for non-photorealistic facial expression animation. To render a 3-D avatar which has unique facial character, we adopted the cartoon-like shading method. We found that facial expression animation using emotional curves is more effective in expressing the timing of an expression comparing to the linear interpolation method.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.10 no.8
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• pp.1894-1902
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• 2009

As the spread of LBS(Location Based Service), MDT(Mobile Data Terminal) and PDA (Personal Digital Assistant) services using mobile terminals, various systems are under development to to manage the performance of these services. This paper describes a mobile performance management system which is implemented to test the performance of mobility between the user and the terminal or between the terminal and the mobile server automatically in the mobile-user field. The system has four modules: scenario management module, MDT monitoring, LBS monitoring, and PDA monitoring. The scenario management module manages the performance by monitoring all modules. The LBS monitoring module monitors LBS call attempt stage, call connecting stage, and LBS test for established connection. Thus, the LBS monitoring module manages the performance for every stage of the call. The MDT monitoring module monitors the performance according to the input command and the PDA monitoring module monitors according to the input from the set up and the execution menu.

• The Korean Journal of Mycology
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• v.40 no.4
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• pp.191-203
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• 2012

Mycelial growth of ectomycorrhizal fungi (27 strains of 8 species) collected from Korean forests was observed on various culture conditions (media, temperature, pHs). After 60 days of incubation, all strains grown on potato dextrose agar (PDA) and modified Melin-Norkran's agar (MMNA), whereas no mycelial growth was observed on malt extract agar (MEA) or sabouraud dextrose agar (SDA) in some strains including Tricholoma matsutake. Mycelial growth on PDA was poor at high temperature ($30^{\circ}C$) than the low temperature ($10^{\circ}C$). The optimal temperature on PDA and pH in potato dextrose broth (PDB) for mycelial growth in most strains were $20-25^{\circ}C$ and pH 4-5, respectively. All strains tested showed the carboxymethyl cellulase (CM-cellulase) activity and the maximal cellullase activity was expressed by the mycelium of T. matsutake (KFRI 1266) on the CMC agar plate with pH 5.0.

• Journal of Surface Science and Engineering
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• v.56 no.4
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• pp.273-282
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• 2023

In this study, the surface of Polyetheretherketone (PEEK) disks was modified to have a hydrophilic surface by applying a coating of Polyethylene glycol (PEG), Hyaluronic acid(HA), and Poly-Dopamine(PDA). The investigation aimed to examine whether the coated surfaces showed enhanced bioactivity for orthopedic applications compared to the pure PEEK. The microstructure, surface characteristics, and wettability of PEEK coated with PEG, HA, and PDA were analyzed using scanning electron microscopy(SEM), FT-IR spectrophotometer, Roughness Measurement System, Micro-Vickers, and Contact angle measurement. The mechanical properties were analyzed using a tensile testing machine, while the MTT assay for cell activity was analyzed using a microplate reader to measure optical density. According to the SEM and FT-IR results, the composition and crystal structure of PEG, HA and PDA coated surface were verified. Also, roughness, hardness, and contact angle were all improved in the coating group compared to the pure PEEK. We checked the HepG2 cell proliferation by using MTT assay on 7th days. In MTT assay results, HepG2 cell proliferation was increased with time, at 7 days, cell viability on discs coated with PDA was significantly higher than pure PEEK, PEG, HA coated group. PDA coated PEEK exhibited the highest surface roughness, hardness, contact angle, and cell activity. The mechanical properties were not affected by the presence of the coating.

• Spatial Information Research
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.41-60
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• 2003

It is noted that the paper mapping system for University Building Facility has many limitations in terms of data maintenance, real-time GIS data acquisition, and economic efficiency. The aim of this research was to evaluate an operational potential of an on site real-time mobile GIS technique to resolve the problem faced in the university. The idea is based upon the recent trends in the field of 'Telecommunication and Information Technology' that uses a PDA (personal Digital Assistants), wireless network computing, mobile computing, etc. A real time mobile GIS approach has been adopted, in which a PDA is linked to a wireless internet and field workers record data on the computer at the site and analyse data on site. While there should be a considerable number and variety of factors associated with real-time mobile GIS quality, this research focuses on three criteria that are identified as fundamental to customer requirements; (1) data quarry (2) spatial analysis (3) real-time GIS database building. 'Art--empirical study for a case study facility has been conducted to confirm the validity for the system. The system has been checked experimentally, enabled the field users to quarry the data required simply and execute spatial analysis (buffer, overlay etc.,) accommodating versatile alternatives on the site. Detailed visual maps can be generated over large areas quickly and easily. The PDA interface, in particular, were ideally suited for field users to interactively displaying positional information with attribute data. This system has shown to be quite convenient to maintaining a highly reliable database since it could playa crucial role in documenting at real-time basis temporal and spatial changes occurred in the facilities. It is anticipated that this research output will greatly serve to introduce the reliable and cost-effective facility mapping system in the university by overcoming serious constraints suffered from the past non-real time mobile GIS approach.