• 제목/요약/키워드: PARKINSON

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Proton MR Spectroscopic Changes in Parkinson′s Disease

  • 백현만;최보영;손병철;정성택;이형구;서태석
    • 대한자기공명의과학회:학술대회논문집
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    • 대한자기공명의과학회 2003년도 제8차 학술대회 초록집
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    • pp.88-88
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    • 2003
  • Purpose: To investigate whether there are significant changes in regional brain metabolism in patients with Parkinson's disease after thalamotomy using proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H MRS). Materials and methods: Fifteen patients with Parkinson's disease of mean age 56.5 years (7 males and 8 females; mean age, 56.5 years) that have treated with levodopa were included. All patients with tremor experienced amelioration of their symptoms on the side contralateral to the thalamotomy. As a single-voxel technique, 1H MR spectra were obtained from the volume of interested regions in thalamus and primary motor cortex. Spectral parameters were: 20 ms TE, 2000 ms TR, 128 averages, 2500 Hz spectral width, and 2048 data points.

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파킨슨병과 다계통위축증 환자군 간의 말속도 비교평가 (Speech Rate Analysis of Dysarthric Patients with Parkinson's Disease and Multiple System Atrophy)

  • 김향희;이미숙;김선우;이원용
    • 음성과학
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    • 제10권4호
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    • pp.221-227
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    • 2003
  • Diadochokinetic (DDK) speech task has been utilized as an evaluating tool for speakers with dysarthria for many years. This study attempted to differently diagnose multiple system atrophy (MSA) from idiopathic Parkinson's disease (PD) using patients' performance of DDK (i.e., alternate motion rate (AMR)). The subjects included 11 cases of pathologically confirmed MSA and 16 IPD patients who commonly presented with parkinsonian syndrome. The speech sample of each patient was analyzed acoustically using the MSPTM(Motor Speech Profile, a module of CSL). The results showed that the average DDK rate was significantly faster in the IPD than the MSA groups in all three syllables (i.e., /puh/, /tuh/. and /kuh/). We propose the average DDK rate variable as a core clinical trait in differentiating the two pathological conditions.

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Rebound excitability mediates motor abnormalities in Parkinson's disease

  • Kim, Jeongjin;Kim, Daesoo
    • BMB Reports
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    • 제51권1호
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    • pp.3-4
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    • 2018
  • Parkinson's disease (PD) is a debilitating disorder resulting from loss of dopamine neurons. In dopamine deficient state, the basal ganglia increases inhibitory synaptic outputs to the thalamus. This increased inhibition by the basal ganglia output is known to reduce firing rate of thalamic neurons that relay motor signals to the motor cortex. This 'rate model' suggests that the reduced excitability of thalamic neurons is the key for inducing motor abnormalities in PD patients. We reveal that in response to inhibition, thalamic neurons generate rebound firing at the end of inhibition. This rebound firing increases motor cortical activity and induces muscular responses that triggers Parkinsonian motor dysfunction. Genetic and optogenetic intervention of the rebound firing prevent motor dysfunction in a mouse model of PD. Our results suggest that inhibitory synaptic mechanism mediates motor dysfunction by generating rebound excitability in the thalamocortical pathway.

이상운동질환에서의 도파민 신경계 영상 (Imaging of Dopaminergic System in Movement Disorders)

  • 김유경;김상은
    • Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging
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    • 제41권2호
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    • pp.132-140
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    • 2007
  • Parkinson's disease is a common neurodegenerative disorder that is mainly caused by dopaminergic neuron loss in the substantia nigra. Several radiopharmaceutics have been developed to evaluate the integrity of dopaminergic neuronal system. In vivo PET and SPECT imaging of presynaptic dopamine imaing are already applied to Parkinson's disease and other parkinsonism, and can demonstrate the dopaminergic dysfunction. This review summarized the use of the presynaptic dopaminergic imaging in PD as biomarkers in evaluation of disease progression as well as in diagnosis of PD.

Tricyclic Antidepressants Amitriptyline and Desipramine Induced Neurotoxicity Associated with Parkinson's Disease

  • Lee, Min-yeong;Hong, Seokheon;Kim, Nahmhee;Shin, Ki Soon;Kang, Shin Jung
    • Molecules and Cells
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    • 제38권8호
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    • pp.734-740
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    • 2015
  • Recent studies report that a history of antidepressant use is strongly correlated with the occurrence of Parkinson' disease (PD). However, it remains unclear whether antidepressant use can be a causative factor for PD. In the present study, we examined whether tricyclic antidepressants amitriptyline and desipramine can induce dopaminergic cell damage, both in vitro and in vivo. We found that amitriptyline and desipramine induced mitochondria-mediated neurotoxicity and oxidative stress in SH-SY5Y cells. When injected into mice on a subchronic schedule, amitriptyline induced movement deficits in the pole test, which is known to detect nigrostriatal dysfunction. In addition, the number of tyrosine hydroxylase-positive neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta was reduced in amitriptyline-injected mice. Our results suggest that amitriptyline and desipramine may induce PD-associated neurotoxicity.

Psychiatric Manifestation in Patients with Parkinson's Disease

  • Han, Ji Won;Ahn, Yebin D.;Kim, Won-Seok;Shin, Cheol Min;Jeong, Seong Jin;Song, Yoo Sung;Bae, Yun Jung;Kim, Jong-Min
    • Journal of Korean Medical Science
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    • 제33권47호
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    • pp.300.1-300.17
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    • 2018
  • Parkinson's disease (PD) is the second most common neurodegenerative disorder. Although its major manifestation is motor symptoms, resulting from the loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra, psychiatric symptoms, such as depression, anxiety, hallucination, delusion, apathy and anhedonia, impulsive and compulsive behaviors, and cognitive dysfunction, may also manifest in most patients with PD. Given that the quality of life - and the need for institutionalization - is so highly dependent on the psychiatric well-being of patients with PD, psychiatric symptoms are of high clinical significance. We reviewed the prevalence, risk factors, pathophysiology, and treatment of psychiatric symptoms to get a better understanding of PD for improved management.

LRRK2 and membrane trafficking: nexus of Parkinson's disease

  • Hur, Eun-Mi;Jang, Eun-Hae;Jeong, Ga Ram;Lee, Byoung Dae
    • BMB Reports
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    • 제52권9호
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    • pp.533-539
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    • 2019
  • Recent evidence from genetics, animal model systems and biochemical studies suggests that defects in membrane trafficking play an important part in the pathophysiology of Parkinson's disease (PD). Mutations in leucine-rich repeat kinase 2 (LRRK2) constitute the most frequent genetic cause of both familial and sporadic PD, and LRRK2 has been suggested as a druggable target for PD. Although the precise physiological function of LRRK2 remains largely unknown, mounting evidence suggests that LRRK2 controls membrane trafficking by interacting with key regulators of the endosomal-lysosomal pathway and synaptic recycling. In this review, we discuss the genetic, biochemical and functional links between LRRK2 and membrane trafficking. Understanding the mechanism by which LRRK2 influences such processes may contribute to the development of disease-modifying therapies for PD.

Patient-specific pluripotent stem cell-based Parkinson's disease models showing endogenous alpha-synuclein aggregation

  • Oh, Yohan
    • BMB Reports
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    • 제52권6호
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    • pp.349-359
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    • 2019
  • After the first research declaring the generation of human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) in 2007, several attempts have been made to model neurodegenerative disease in vitro during the past decade. Parkinson's disease (PD) is the second most common neurodegenerative disorder, which is mainly characterized by motor dysfunction. The formation of unique and filamentous inclusion bodies called Lewy bodies (LBs) is the hallmark of both PD and dementia with LBs. The key pathology in PD is generally considered to be the alpha-synuclein (${\alpha}$-syn) accumulation, although it is still controversial whether this protein aggregation is a cause or consequence of neurodegeneration. In the present work, the recently published researches which recapitulated the ${\alpha}$-syn aggregation phenomena in sporadic and familial PD hiPSC models were reviewed. Furthermore, the advantages and potentials of using patient-derived PD hiPSC with focus on ${\alpha}$-syn aggregation have been discussed.

『동의보감(東醫寶鑑)』에 수록된 파킨슨병 치료 처방(處方) 후보군 선별 연구 (Research on prescription candidates for Parkinson's disease in 『Dongeuibogam』)

  • 황민섭;박혜진;김시원;백진웅
    • 대한한의학방제학회지
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    • 제26권1호
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    • pp.65-80
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    • 2018
  • Objectives : This study aims to sort out prescription candidates for four major symptoms of Parkinson's disease from Korean traditional medical publication, "Dongeuibogam". Methods : Medical terms related to four major symptoms of Parkinson's disease were primarily selected from "Dongeuibogam". Prescriptions that include at least one or more medical terms which are selected above were classified by the four major symptoms of Parkinson's disease, and finally analyzed to sort the most effective candidates. Results & Conclusions : 1. There are 18 medical terms in efficacy ($ch{\grave{i}}$ $z{\grave{o}}ng$, $j{\bar{u}}$ $lu{\acute{a}}n$, $j{\bar{i}}ng$${\check{u}}$ $ju{\check{a}}n$($ju{\check{a}}n$, $qu{\acute{a}}n$) $lu{\acute{a}}n$, $j{\bar{i}}ng$${\check{u}}$ $lu{\acute{a}}n$($lu{\acute{a}}n$) $t{\grave{o}}ng$, $j{\bar{i}}n$ $lu{\acute{a}}n$, $j{\bar{i}}n$ $t{\grave{i}}$, $sh{\check{o}}u$ $zh{\grave{e}}n$, $y{\acute{a}}ng$ $sh{\check{o}}u$, $lu{\acute{a}}n$ $j{\acute{i}}$, $lu{\acute{a}}n$ $b{\grave{i}}$, $r{\grave{o}}u$ $r{\acute{u}}n$, $zh{\grave{a}}n$ $di{\grave{a}}o$, $zh{\grave{a}}n$ $y{\acute{a}}o$, $zh{\grave{i}}$ $z{\acute{u}}$, $ch{\grave{e}}$ $t{\grave{o}}ng$, $ch{\bar{o}u}$ $ch{\grave{e}}$, $f{\bar{e}}ng$ $ch{\grave{u}}$, $ch{\grave{u}}$ $nu{\grave{o}}$) related to tremor, one of four major symptoms of Parkinson's disease. 2. There are 9 medical terms in efficacy ($qi{\acute{a}}ng$ $j{\acute{i}}$, $qi{\acute{a}}ng$ $zh{\acute{i}}$, $qi{\acute{a}}ng$ $t{\grave{o}}ng$, $j{\bar{u}}$ $j{\acute{i}}$, $j{\bar{i}}n$ $j{\acute{i}}$, $sh{\bar{e}}n$ $qi{\acute{a}}ng$, $lu{\acute{a}}n$ $j{\acute{i}}$, $y{\bar{a}}o$ $j{\acute{i}}$ $qi{\acute{a}}ng$, $xi{\grave{a}}ng$ $qi{\acute{a}}ng$) related to rigidity, one of four major symptoms of Parkinson's disease. 3. 38 prescription candidates (jiaweishouxingyuan, jiaweilonghusan, gehuajiexingtang, qiangfutang, qianghuoxuduantang, dawugongsan, duhuojishengtang, mahuangzuojingtang, fangfengbaizhumulitang, fangfengtongshengsan, baizhutang, buxinwan, fulingtang, binsusan, xieqingwan, sanbitang, shengdiqinliantang, shujinbaoansan, xingxiangsan, xiaotanfulingwan, shengjunwan, shenmizuojingtang, wuyaoshunqisan, yuzhenwan, wenjingyiyuantang, yiziqingjinsan, ziyinningshentang, shaoyaogancaotang, dingtongsan, zhushazhijiasan, cangzusan, chuanxiongfulingtang, tiedanyuan, choubaowan, duomingsan, xuanhusuosan, xuefengtang, huoluodan) were selected for tremor, one of the four major symptoms of Parkinson's disease. 4. 21 prescription candidates (qianghuoshengshitang, guizhiqianghuotang, guizhifuzitang, jiuweiqianghuotang(qianghuochonghetang), xiongzhixiangsusan, daqianghuotang, mahuangguizhitang, muguajian, fuzilizhongtang, shenzhusan, lianqiaobaidusan, yuzhensan, niuhuangjinhudan, renshenbaidusan, shaoyaogancaotang, jiuzhumuguazhou, cangzusan, shenxiangtianmatang, xiangjiaosan, xuefengtang, huishousan) were selected for rigidity, one of the four major symptoms of Parkinson's disease. 5. The results in this study ought to be verified by subsequent studies and clinical trials.

체질에 따른 침치료가 특발성 파킨슨 환자의 심박변이도에 미치는 영향 (The Comparative Study on the Effect of Constitution-dependent Acupuncture Treatment for Idiopathic Parkinson's Disease on Heart Rate Variability)

  • 김행범;이민호;이소영;남동우;양동훈;최양식;박연철;고형균;이윤호
    • Journal of Acupuncture Research
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    • 제24권3호
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    • pp.163-174
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    • 2007
  • Objectives : This study was designed to evaluate the effect of acupuncture on Heart Rate Variability(HRV) of patients with Parkinson's disease. Methods: Subjects were voluntarily recruited through newspaper and internet advertisement. All the subjects were confirmed as idiopathic Parkinson's disease by a neurologist. Patients were divided into three groups. Experimental group was acupunctured based on Sasang Constitution. Standard group was acupunctured on $LR_3$, $GB_{34}$ and $ST_{36}$. Control group was sham-acupunctured. Acupuncture was applied 2 times a week for four weeks by an oriental medical doctor at Kyung-hee Oriental Medical Hospital. The patients were assessed by HRV before and 4 weeks after the treatment. Results : The results were as follows 1. In experimental group, increase in SDNN, TP, LF, HF Nonn were statistically significant after 4 weeks compared to the pre-treatment. 2. In standard group, increase in SDNN, TP, LF were statistically significant after 4 weeks compared to the pre-treatment. 3. After 4 weeks of treatment SDNN, LF showed statistically significant cufferences among three groups. Conclusions : This study suggests that acupuncture treatment based on Sasang Constitution and other specific acupuncture treatment can be beneficial for patients with idiopathic Parkinson's disease. Further study on various acupuncture treatment for Parkinson's disease is required.

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