• Korean Journal of Radiology
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• v.21 no.9
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• pp.1036-1044
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• 2020

Objective: To investigate the clinical feasibility of synthetic diffusion-weighted imaging (sDWI) at different b-values in patients with breast cancer by assessing the diagnostic image quality and the quantitative measurements compared with conventional diffusion-weighted imaging (cDWI). Materials and Methods: Fifty patients with breast cancer were assessed using cDWI at b-values of 800 and 1500 s/mm² (cDWI₈₀₀ and cDWI₁₅₀₀) and sDWI at b-values of 1000 and 1500 s/mm² (sDWI₁₀₀₀ and sDWI₁₅₀₀). Qualitative analysis (normal glandular tissue suppression, overall image quality, and lesion conspicuity) was performed using a 4-point Likert-scale for all DWI sets and the cancer detection rate (CDR) was calculated. We also evaluated cancer-to-parenchyma contrast ratios for each DWI set in 45 patients with the lesion identified on any of the DWI sets. Statistical comparisons were performed using Friedman test, one-way analysis of variance, and Cochran's Q test. Results: All parameters of qualitative analysis, cancer-to-parenchyma contrast ratios, and CDR increased with increasing b-values, regardless of the type of imaging (synthetic or conventional) (p < 0.001). Additionally, sDWI₁₅₀₀ provided better lesion conspicuity than cDWI₁₅₀₀ (3.52 ± 0.92 vs. 3.39 ± 0.90, p < 0.05). Although cDWI₁₅₀₀ showed better normal glandular tissue suppression and overall image quality than sDWI₁₅₀₀ (3.66 ± 0.78 and 3.73 ± 0.62 vs. 3.32 ± 0.90 and 3.35 ± 0.81, respectively; p < 0.05), there was no significant difference in their CDR (90.0%). Cancer-to-parenchyma contrast ratios were greater in sDWI₁₅₀₀ than in cDWI₁₅₀₀ (0.63 ± 0.17 vs. 0.55 ± 0.18, p < 0.001). Conclusion: sDWI₁₅₀₀ can be feasible for evaluating breast cancers in clinical practice. It provides higher tumor conspicuity, better cancer-to-parenchyma contrast ratio, and comparable CDR when compared with cDWI₁₅₀₀.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• v.66 no.1
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• pp.93-102
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• 2024

This study investigated the effect of dietary supplementation with phytase on growth performance, fecal excretion, and compost nutrition on broilers fed available phosphorus (avP)- and calcium (Ca)-deficient diets. A total of 750 one-day-old broiler chicks were randomly divided into five dietary groups having ten replications in a floor house. Diets of the groups were formulated with positive control (PC), negative control (NC; low avP and Ca), and NC supplemented with phytase levels; 500 (NC500), 1,000 (NC1000), and 1,500 FTU/kg (NC1500). A three-phase feeding program was used in the trial. Average daily gain (ADG) and average daily feed intake (ADFI) in the groups fed diets supplemented with phytase were significantly (p < 0.05) higher than those fed NC and the increase was equivalent to those fed PC. Serum levels of Ca and phosphorus (P) were higher (p < 0.05) in broilers fed NC1000 and NC1500 than in those fed NC. Interleukin (IL) level was the lowest in the group fed NC. Plasma myo-inositol (INS) concentrations in the NC1500 group were higher (p < 0.05) than PC, NC, and NC500 groups. Crude protein (CP) excretion was notably (p < 0.05) lower in the NC1500 group than in PC and NC groups. A lower (p < 0.05) concentration of P₂O₅ was observed in compost from the group fed NC1500 than the groups fed PC and NC. Accordingly, we suggest that phytase supplementation in lower avP and Ca levels of broiler diet can improve their productive performance and reduce environmental pollution.

• Journal of Aquaculture
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.169-178
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• 1996

This experiment was conducted to develop an experimental model and a semipurified diet for vitamin C requirement study in juvenile Korean rockfish, Sebastes schlegeli. Prior to the start of the feeding trial, fish were fed the control diet for four weeks to deplete their body reserves of vitamin C, Then fish were divided into six groups and given one of the laboratory developed semipurified diets supplementing either 0 (control), 25, 50, 75, 150, o. 1500 mg L-ascorhic acid (AA)/kg diet for eight weeks. Fish fed control diet had lower hematocrit than did fish from groups fed the other diets (P<0.05). Also these fish had significantly lower percent weight gain (WG), feed conversion ratio (FCR) and muscle AA than did fish fed diets containing 150 and 1500 mg AA/kg diet (P<0.05). Diet analysis of vitamin C showed that the control diet had 39,7 mg AA/kg diet. Therefore, these fingings suggest that the experimental model and the semipurified diet can be useful for vitamin C requirement study, and the dietary vitamin C requirement is greater than 40 mg AA/kg diet, but 150 mg AA/kg diet is adequate for the maximum growth in juvenile Korean rockfish.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea SD
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• v.42 no.5 s.335
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• pp.39-46
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• 2005

This paper introduces a new At-speed Interconnect Test Controller (ASITC) that can detect and diagnose dynamic as well as static defects in an SoC. SoC is comprised of IEEE 1149.1 and P1500 wrapped cores which can be operated by multiple system clocks. In other to test such a complicated SoC, we designed a interface module for P1500 wrapped cores and the ASITC that makes it possible to detect interconnect delay faults during 1 system clock from launching to capturing the transition signal. The ASITC proposed requires less area overhead than other approaches and the operation was verified through the FPGA implementation

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.19 no.7
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• pp.538-545
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• 2019

The purpose of this study was to analyze the change of body temperature and pain by application of Gaussian magnetic for the elderly delayed muscle pain. For the purpose, we selected 15 elderly women(age;$69.47{\pm}1.60$) and conducted repeated experiments. The Gaussian magnetic field area was divided into three areas (1000G, 1500G, 2000G). The applying arbitrarily manufactured magnetic field wristbands changes of body heat and pain before and after wearing Gaussian magnetic were measured and collected data were analyzed using SPSS 19.0. To examine the pre-and post-treatment differences by treatment areas, we conducted paired t-test. Group differences and interaction effects were analyzed using two-way ANOVA and Duncan post hoc tests. The significance level was set to ${\alpha}=.05$. The results are as follows. The change of body heat by the Gaussian magnetic field area showed significant differences in all three groups(P<.05). There were also significant differences in the results of group interactions and in the delayed muscle pain scale between groups(P<.05). The area with the largest difference appeared in the area of 1500G field. The 1000G-1500G Gauss field is considered to be the most ideal magnetic field for body heat and muscle pain changes. In conclusion, the Gaussian magnetic field of 1000G-1500G may affect body temperature and muscle pain in the elderly, and may have a significant impact on the quality of life in old age.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea SD
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• v.40 no.1
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• pp.52-60
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• 2003

For a System-on-a-Chip(SoC) comprised of multiple IP cores, various design techniques have been proposed to provide diverse test link configurations. In this paper, we introduce a new flag based Wrapped Core Linking Module (WCLM) that enables systematic integration of IEEE 1149.1 TAP'd cores and P1500 wrapped cores with requiring least amount of area overhead compared with other state-of-art techniques. The design preserves compatibility with standards and scalability for hierarchical access.

• Journal of the Korean Magnetics Society
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.134-139
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• 1995

We produced $(Co_{93}Cr_{7})-P-Ni$ thin films for longitudinal magnetic recording media using OC magnetron sputtering system The variation of magnetic properties of $(Co_{93}Cr_{7})-P-Ni$ pseudo-ternary system with the composition was examined. We obtained the coercivity up to 1500 Oe. The coercivity iocrease could be ascribed to in-plane anisotropy enhaocement, grain size decrease, magnetic decoupling between particles. TEM micrographs showed that the grains were well-decoupled by the addition of phosphorous.

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.29 no.5
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• pp.643-650
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• 1996

A long term feeding trial was conducted to study the effects of different dietary vitamin C levels on growth and its tissue distributions in juvenile Korean rockfish, Sebastes schlegeli. Prior to the start of feeding trial, fish were fed the basal diet supplementing no L-ascorbic acid for four weeks to minimize their body reserves of vitamin C. Then fish were divided into six groups with triplicates and given one of the laboratory semipurified diets supplementing either 0, 25, 50, 75, 150, or 1500 mg L-ascovbic acid (AA)/kg diet $(C_0,\;C_{25},\;C_{50},\;C_{75},\;C_{150},\;&\;C_{1500})$. Fish fed the $C_0$ diet had lower percent weight gain, feed conversion ratio, specific growth rate, and protein efficiency ratio than did fish fed the other diets (P<0.05). After 28 weeks of feeding trial, tissue AA concentrations of fish fed $C_0$ diet were lower than those of fish fed $C_{1500}$ diet (P<0.05). A large amount of total tissue Ah may be reserved in muscle, but the unit AA concentration seemed to be higher in brain than did the other tissues. The growth performances of fish fed $C_{25}$ diet were not different compared to those of fish fed $C_{50}-C_{1500}$ diets (P>0.05), and diet analysis of vitamin C showed that the $C_{25}$ diet had 65 mg AA/kg diet. Therefore, the present long-term study may suggest that the dietary vitamin C requirement is approximately 65 mg AA/kg diet in juvenile Korean rockfish.

• Journal of the korean society of oceanography
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• v.32 no.2
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• pp.69-74
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• 1997

Depth profiles of organic carbon (C), biogenic silica (Si), and inorganic phosphorus (P) in Maxwell bay sediments were determined to investigate paleoclimatic changes during Holocene. Organic C and biogenic Si contents generally show a down-core decrease trend, which appears to be mostly controlled by their vertical fluxes through productivity in the surface waters, but it is uncertain that inorganic P contents are directly influenced by productivity changes with time. Before 4000 yr B.p. marine productivity seemed to be almost zero because ice permanently covered the surface waters of the study area. As the climate started to become relatively warm at 4000 yr B.p., ice was sporadically melted in the surface waters and thereby marine productivity gradually increased until 1500 yr B.p. For the last 1500 year, marine productivity must be high enough to overcome the dilution by high terrigenous sedimentation, thus that period was the warmest during the last 6000 year.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea SD
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• v.40 no.1
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• pp.61-71
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• 2003

Interconnect test for highly integrated environments like SoC, becomes more important as the complexity of a circuit increases. This importance is from two facts, test time and complete diagnosis. Since the interconnect test between IPs is based on the scan technology such as IEEE1149.1 and IEEE P1500, it takes long test time to apply test vectors serially through a long scan chain. Complete diagnosis is another important issue because a defect on interconnects are shown as a defect on a chip. But generally, interconnect test algorithms that need the short test time can not do complete diagnosis and algorithms that perform complete diagnosis need long test time. A new interconnect test algorithm is developed. The new algorithm can provide a complete diagnosis for all faults with shorter test length compared to the previous algorithms.