• Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.129-135
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• 1985

In order to search for potential antidotes for T-2 toxin poisoning, seven Chinese herbal drug extracts and five natural constituents were tested on mice intoxicated with T-2 toxin. When extracts of Panax ginseng and Atractylodes japonica (500 mg/kg) were administered p.o. once 3 hrs before and once 1 hr after T-2 toxin treatment, a 30% complete survival rate was noted. In case of Paeonia albiflora var. typica, a 30% complete survival rate was also produced at a dose of 250 mg/kg. Other extracts, Glycyrrhiza uralensis, Scutellaria baicalensis, Rehmannia glutinosa and Plantago asiatica exhibited no significant protection from the T-2 toxin poisoning. A nucleoside, thymidine showed protective activity against T-2 toxin toxicity and it produced a 40% complete survival rate when administered i.p. once 0.5 hr after T-2 toxin treatment. Other natural constituents, aucubin, vitamin C and E, and lipoic acid did not show any significant protective activities.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• v.39 no.4
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• pp.239-248
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• 2022

To determine the effect of Korean medicine treatment of avascular necrosis of the femoral head (ANFH) this study reviewed both single ingredients and bioactive compounds in the treatment of ANFH in a rat model. Literature was retrieved from PubMed and Google Scholar using the keywords "femur head necrosis," "natural extract," and "rat." The data from studies analyzed included: rats' characteristics, development methods of ANFH, natural extracts administration, observation methods, and outcome indicators. Two independent researchers screened all articles retrieved and 26 studies were chosen. The most used rat species was the Sprague Dawley rat (76.9%). To induce ANFH, steroid injections (46.2%), and oral gavage (53.8%) were typically used. Studies focused mainly on factors affecting bone formation (65.3%), and apoptosis (53.8%). Research on ANFH focused on using traditional natural substances mentioned in classical literature to confirm its effectiveness against anti-inflammation, osteogenesis, and cell death. ANFH has a diverse etiology, therefore research models such as genetic analysis of human-derived samples from ANFH patients may shed more light on the condition. Moreover, research into herbal medicines and pharmacoacupuncture treatment of ANFH should precede.

• Proceedings of the PSK Conference
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• 2000.10a
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• pp.237.1-237.1
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• 2000

• Journal of dental hygiene science
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.308-317
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• 2015

This study attempted to identify the possibility of natural herbal extracts as an alternative, preventive agent of caries by comparing antimicrobial activities between natural herbal extracts and mouth rinsing solutions against Streptococcus mutans. Natural herbal plants were extracted with distilled water and ethanol, respectively, to measure the minimum growth inhibitory concentration of S. mutans depending on concentration, and among which, solvents showing high antimicrobial activity were selected to compare their antibiotic effects with those of mouth rinsing solutions. Also, to determine the concentration of natural medicinal herbs that can be used safely in the oral cavity, the extracts were treated to the normal gingival fibroblast cells depending on concentration in order to determine its cytotoxicity using MTT. In terms of the minimum growth inhibition concentration, the growth inhibition of S. mutans was more excellent in the ethanol extract than in the distilled water. When the minimum growth inhibition concentration was compared, Psoralea corylifolia of natural herbal ethanol extracts, and Hexamedine (Bukwang Pharm., Korea) of mouth rinsing solutions inhibited growth of S. mutans at the lowest concentration. When the minimum bactericidal concentration was compared, P. corylifolia of natural herbal extracts, and Hexamedine and Garglin (Dong-A Pharm., Korea) of mouth rinsing solutions eliminated S. mutans at a low concentration. The human gingival fibroblast was treated with natural herbal ethanol extracts at the minimum growth inhibition concentration of 10, 39, and $78{\mu}g/ml$. As the result, no cytotoxicity was found. When this was treated at different minimum bactericidal concentrations, natural herbal ethanol extracts showed cytotoxicity except P. corylifolia.

• Current Research on Agriculture and Life Sciences
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• v.31 no.3
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• pp.170-176
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• 2013

In this study, we selected some material to have potential bioactivity from natural plants, confirmed as basic data for industrializing and tried to develope the food materials using them. DPPH, ABTS, antioxidant protection factor, TBARs and antimicrobial activity of extracts from Rosa multiflora Thunberg fruits were determined. The total phenolics extracted from Rosa multiflora were 12.08, 11.82, 11.1 and 12.6 mg/g when using water, 70% ethanol, 70% methanol and 70% acetone as the solvent, respectively. The optimum conditions for extracting the phenolic compounds were 70% ethanol over for 12 hrs(11.82 mg/g). The electron donating ability and inhibition rate on ABTS of the 70% ethanol extracts were 97% and 92.2%, respectively while the antioxidant protection factor(PF) of the water extracts and 70% ethanol extracts were 1.79 and 1.34 PF, respectively. The TBAR (thiobarbituric acid reactive substance) value were $1.3{\mu}M$ for the control and $0.15{\mu}M$ for the 70% ethanol extracts. The inhibitory activity against ${\alpha}$-amylase was 26% for the 70% ethanol extracts. The 70% ethanol extracts from Rosa multiflora Thunberg fruits exhibited antimicrobial activity against H. pylori, S. epidermidis, S. aureusand and E. coli with clear zone diameters of 14, 25, 14 and 13 mm, respectively when using $200{\mu}g/mL$ of the phenolic compounds. An HPLC analysis identified 6 major phenolic metabolites in the Rosa multiflora Thunberg fruits extracts: rosmarinic acid, caffeic acid, chlorogenic acid, courmaric acid, protocatechuic acid and quercetin. In particular, the content of rosmarinic acid was the highest in the 70% ethanol extracts. Therefore these results indicate that 70% ethanol extracts from Rosa multiflora Thunberg fruits can be useful as a natural antioxidant and in functional foods.

• Proceedings of the PSK Conference
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• 2001.10a
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• pp.140.2-140.2
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• 2001

• Food Science and Preservation
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.110-114
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• 1999

In order to study the natural preservation of food, sixteen kinds of medicinal plants were extracted by 80% methanol and then antimicrobial activity of the extracts was investigated against various kinds of microorganisms. The extracts of medicinal plants showed good effects of antimicrobial activity against bacteria except Bacillus cereus, Escherichia coli O-157. Especially, the extracts of Artemisia annua, Aster scaber, Solidago virganrea shower good inhibitory effects on the growth of bacteria to the cooling preservation foods, and Artemisia annua was decreased of the TMA(Trimethylamine) test. the result thus indicate that Artemisia annua, Aster scaber, Solidago fischeri extract inhibitory effects on cooling preservation foods, so that it may be potential as a natural preservatives.

• Natural Product Sciences
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.285-290
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• 2010

The inhibition of rat lens aldose reductase (AR) in vitro using methanol extracts from Korean folk plants was investigated. Among them, the extracts of Saussurea grandifolia and Rumex crispus showed highest inhibition of AR. $IC_{50}$ values of the extracts from S. grandifolia and R. crispus were demonstrated 0.07 and 0.05 mg/ml, respectively. Korean folk plants such as S. grandifolia and R. crispus has a possibility of new natural resources for the inhibition of AR.

• Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
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• v.27 no.3
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• pp.173-177
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• 1996

For the search of anticancer compounds from natural products, 43 plants were extracted with benzene and methanol, separately, and the extracts were screened for the cytotoxicity against L1210 and HL60 cancer cell lines. From the results, 22 samples in benzene extracts showed cytotoxicity against L1210 cells and 23 samples against HL60 cells, respectively. However, any methanol extracts did not exhibit cytotoxicity against two cancer cell lines, it suggested that cytotoxic compounds seemed to have low polarity. $ED_{50}$ values less than $5\;{\mu}g/ml$ were observed in 14 and 9 samples in benzene extracts against L1210 and HL60 cancer cells, respectively.

• Food Science and Biotechnology
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.813-817
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• 2009

The effect of 4 seaweed extracts (Desmarestia viridis, Dictyopteris divaricata, Scytosiphon lomentaria, and Ishige okamurae) on pro-inflammatory mediators as well as nuclear factor $(NF)-{\kappa}B$ in the stimulated Raw 264.7 cells was investigated. They reduced iNOS and interlukin $(IL)-1{\beta}$ expressions at transcription level. Of those, 3 extracts (D. divaricata, I. okamurae, and S. lomentaria) inhibited the COX-2 expression at translation level. $I{\kappa}B-{\alpha}$ degradation was inhibited by D. divaricata and S. lomentaria extracts. Therefore, we concluded that the extracts from D. divaricata and S. lomentaria could inhibit the activation of murine macrophage through the blocking of $NF-{\kappa}B$ activation.