Browse > Article
http://dx.doi.org/10.13045/jar.2022.00227

A Review of Rat Models of Avascular Necrosis of the Femoral Head Treated with Natural Extracts  

Go-Woon, Kim (Department of Clinical Korean Medicine, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University)
Hyoung-Yong, Park (Department of Science Education, Gyeongin National University of Education)
Yeon-Cheol, Park (Department of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Kyung Hee University Korean Medicine Hospital)
Publication Information
Journal of Acupuncture Research / v.39, no.4, 2022 , pp. 239-248 More about this Journal
Abstract
To determine the effect of Korean medicine treatment of avascular necrosis of the femoral head (ANFH) this study reviewed both single ingredients and bioactive compounds in the treatment of ANFH in a rat model. Literature was retrieved from PubMed and Google Scholar using the keywords "femur head necrosis," "natural extract," and "rat." The data from studies analyzed included: rats' characteristics, development methods of ANFH, natural extracts administration, observation methods, and outcome indicators. Two independent researchers screened all articles retrieved and 26 studies were chosen. The most used rat species was the Sprague Dawley rat (76.9%). To induce ANFH, steroid injections (46.2%), and oral gavage (53.8%) were typically used. Studies focused mainly on factors affecting bone formation (65.3%), and apoptosis (53.8%). Research on ANFH focused on using traditional natural substances mentioned in classical literature to confirm its effectiveness against anti-inflammation, osteogenesis, and cell death. ANFH has a diverse etiology, therefore research models such as genetic analysis of human-derived samples from ANFH patients may shed more light on the condition. Moreover, research into herbal medicines and pharmacoacupuncture treatment of ANFH should precede.
Keywords
animal models; avascular necrosis of femoral head; natural extracts; necrosis; osteonecrosis;
Citations & Related Records
Times Cited By KSCI : 6  (Citation Analysis)
연도 인용수 순위
1 Yue J, Yu H, Liu P, Wen P, Zhang H, Guo W et al. Preliminary study of icariin indicating prevention of steroid-induced osteonecrosis of femoral head by regulating abnormal expression of miRNA-335 and protecting the functions of bone microvascular endothelial cells in rats. Gene 2021;766:145128.    DOI
2 Lv W, Yu M, Yang Q, Kong P, Yan B. Total flavonoids of Rhizoma drynariae ameliorate steroid-induced avascular necrosis of the femoral head via the PI3K/AKT pathway. Mol Med Rep 2021;23:345. 
3 Song Q, Yong HM, Yang LL, Liang YQ, Liu ZX, Niu DS et al. Lycium barbarum polysaccharide protects against osteonecrosis of femoral head via regulating Runx2 expression. Injury 2022;53:1361-1367.    DOI
4 Xu J, Gong H, Lu S, Deasey MJ, Cui Q. Animal models of steroid-induced osteonecrosis of the femoral head - a comprehensive research review up to 2018. Int Orthop 2018;42:1729-1737.    DOI
5 Kerachian MA, Harvey EJ, Cournoyer D, Chow TY, Nahal A, Seguin C. A rat model of early stage osteonecrosis induced by glucocorticoids. J Orthop Surg Res 2011;6:62. 
6 Himmler SM, Modlinska K, Stryjek R, Himmler BT, Pisula W, Pellis SM. Domestication and diversif ication: A comparative analysis of the play fighting of the Brown Norway, Sprague-Dawley, and Wistar laboratory strains of (Rattus norvegicus). J Comp Psychol 2014;128:318-327.    DOI
7 Warmink K, Rios JL, van Valkengoed DR, Korthagen NM, Weinans H. Sprague Dawley Rats Show More Severe Bone Loss, Osteophytosis and Inflammation Compared to Wistar Han Rats in a High-Fat, High-Sucrose Diet Model of Joint Damage. Int J Mol Sci 2022;23:3725. 
8 Fan M, Peng J, Qin L, Lu S. Experimental animal models of osteonecrosis. Rheumatol Int 2011;31:983-994.    DOI
9 Weinstein RS. Glucocorticoid-Induced Bone Disease. N Engl J Med 2011;365:62-70.    DOI
10 Zheng LZ, Wang JL, Kong L, Huang L, Tian L, Pang QQ et al. Steroid-associated osteonecrosis animal model in rats. J Orthop Translat 2018;13:13-24.    DOI
11 Okazaki S, Nagoya S, Tateda K, Katada R, Mizuo K, Watanabe S et al. Experimental rat model for alcohol-induced osteonecrosis of the femoral head. Int J Exp Pathol 2013;94:312-319.    DOI
12 Lieber CS, DeCarli LM, Sorrell MF. Experimental methods of ethanol administration. Hepatology 1989;10:501-510.    DOI
13 Lv Y, Qiu X, Liu G, Wang Y, Zhang Y, Li W et al. A novel model of traumatic femoral head necrosis in rats developed by microsurgical technique. BMC Musculoskelet Disord 2022;23:374. 
14 Yin BH, Chen HC, Zhang W, Li TZ, Gao QM, Liu JW. Effects of hypoxia environment on osteonecrosis of the femoral head in Sprague-Dawley rats. J Bone Miner Metab 2020;38:780-793.    DOI
15 Yamaguchi R, Kamiya N, Kuroyanagi G, Ren Y, Kim HKW. Development of a murine model of ischemic osteonecrosis to study the effects of aging on bone repair. J Orthop Res 2021;39:2663-2670.    DOI
16 Xu J, Qiu X, Yu G, Ly M, Yang J, Silva RM et al. Soluble epoxide hydrolase inhibitor can protect the femoral head against tobacco smoke exposureinduced osteonecrosis in spontaneously hypertensive rats. Toxicology 2022;465:153045. 
17 Chen MM, Palmer JL, Ippolito JA, Curtis BJ, Choudhry MA, Kovacs EJ. Intoxication by Intraperitoneal Injection or Oral Gavage Equally Potentiates Postburn Organ Damage and Inflammation. Mediators Inflamm 2013;2013:971481. 
18 Hu SC, Bryant MS, Sepehr E, Kang HK, Trbojevich R, Lagaud G et al. Toxicokinetic and Genotoxicity Study of NNK in Male Sprague Dawley Rats Following Nose-Only Inhalation Exposure, Intraperitoneal Injection, and Oral Gavage. Toxicol Sci 2021;182:10-28.    DOI
19 Hildebrand T, Laib A, Muller R, Dequeker J, Ruegsegger P. Direct Three-Dimensional Morphometric Analysis of Human Cancellous Bone: Microstructural Data from Spine, Femur, Iliac Crest, and Calcaneus. J Bone Miner Res 1999;14:1167-1174. 
20 Bagi CM, Hanson N, Andresen C, Pero R, Lariviere R, Turner CH et al. The use of micro-CT to evaluate cortical bone geometry and strength in nude rats: Correlation with mechanical testing, pQCT and DXA. Bone 2006;38:136-144.    DOI
21 Chen XC, Weng J, Chen XQ, Du JZ, Zhu MP, Pan YQ et al. Relationships among magnetic resonance imaging, histological findings, and IGF-I in steroid-induced osteonecrosis of the femoral head in rabbits. J Zhejiang Univ Sci B 2008;9:739-746.    DOI
22 Xie XH, Wang XL, Yang HL, Zhao DW, Qin L. Steroid-associated osteonecrosis: Epidemiology, pathophysiology, animal model, prevention, and potential treatments (an overview). J Orthop Transl 2015;3:58-70.    DOI
23 Silva AV. Associations between clinical signs and pathological findings in toxicity testing. ALTEX 2021;38:198-214. 
24 Zou D, Zhang K, Yang Y, Ren Y, Zhang L, Xiao X et al. Th17 and IL-17 exhibit higher levels in osteonecrosis of the femoral head and have a positive correlation with severity of pain. Endokrynol Pol 2018;69:283-290.    DOI
25 Peng P, Nie Z, Sun F, Peng H. Glucocorticoids induce femoral head necrosis in rats through the ROS/JNK/c-Jun pathway. FEBS Open Bio 2021;11:312-321.   DOI
26 Lim YW, Kim YS, Kwon SY. Joint Preserving Non-surgical Treatment of Osteonecrosis of Femoral Head. J Korean Hip Soc 2012;24:273-278. [in Korean]. 
27 Zalavras CG, Lieberman JR. Osteonecrosis of the Femoral Head: Evaluation and Treatment. J Am Acad Orthop Surg 2014;22:455-464.    DOI
28 Guerado E, Caso E. The physiopathology of avascular necrosis of the femoral head: An update. Injury 2016;47:S16-S26.    DOI
29 Joint Surgery Group of the Orthopaedic Branch of the Chinese Medical Association. Guideline for Diagnostic and Treatment of Osteonecrosis of the Femoral Head: Guideline for Osteonecrosis Femoral Head. Orthop Surg 2015;7:200-207. 
30 Jia M, Nie Y, Cao DP, Xue YY, Wang JS, Zhao L et al. Potential Antiosteoporotic Agents from Plants: A Comprehensive Review. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med 2012;2012:364604. 
31 Tang H, Hosein A, Mattioli-Belmonte M. Traditional Chinese Medicine and orthopedic biomaterials: Host of opportunities from herbal extracts. Mater Sci Eng C Mater Biol Appl 2021;120:111760. 
32 Kim KH, Kim TH, Lee BR, Kim JK, Son DW, Lee SW et al. Acupuncture for lumbar spinal stenosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Complement Ther Med 2013;21:535-556.    DOI
33 Wang JZ, Gao HY, Wang KZ, Zhou RX, Li XD, Guo J et al. Effect of Epimedium extract on osteoprotegerin and RANKL mRNA expressions in glucocorticoid-induced femoral head necrosis in rats. Nan Fang Yi Ke Da Xue Xue Bao 2011;31:1714-1717. [in Chinese]. 
34 Lee YJ, Jo HR, Kim SH, Sung WS, Kim EJ. Eff icacy and Safety of Pharmacopuncture and Bee Venom Acupuncture for Knee Osteoarthritis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. J Korean Med 2020;41:55-83. [in Korean]. 
35 Kim DH, Kim EJ, Jo MJ. Two Case Reports of Patients Diagnosed with Avascular Necrosis of the Femoral Head Treated with Korean Medicine Treatment Including Chuna Manual Therapy, Pharmacopuncture and Acupuncture. J Korean Med Rehabil 2021;31:195-204. [in Korean].    DOI
36 Shi B, Li G, Wang P, Yin W, Sun G, Wu Q et al. Effect of antler extract on corticosteroid-induced avascular necrosis of the femoral head in rats. J Ethnopharmacol 2010;127:124-129.    DOI
37 Pharhat B, Peng H, Li B, Huang L. Effects of antler powder on treatment of corticosteroidinduced avascular necrosis of the femoral head in rats. Chin J Tissue Eng Res 2011;15:4541-4544. 
38 Zheng H, Yang E, Peng H, Li J, Chen S, Zhou J et al. Gastrodin prevents steroid-induced osteonecrosis of the femoral head in rats by anti-apoptosis. Chin Med J (Engl) 2014;127:3926-3931. 
39 Jiang Y, Zhang Y, Chen W, Liu C, Li X, Sun D et al. Achyranthes bidentata extract exerts osteoprotective effects on steroid-induced osteonecrosis of the femoral head in rats by regulating RANKL/RANK/OPG signaling. J Transl Med 2014;12:334. 
40 Shi D, Sun Y, Yin J, Fan X, Duan H, Liu N et al. Cajan leaf combined with bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells for the treatment of osteonecrosis of the femoral head. Exp Ther Med 2014;7:1471-1475.    DOI
41 Chen YX, Zhu DY, Xu ZL, Yin JH, Yu XW, Mei J et al. The Protective Effect of Cordycepin On Alcohol-Induced Osteonecrosis of the Femoral Head. Cell Physiol Biochem 2017;42:2391-2403.    DOI
42 Yuan HF, Pan JF, Li S, Guo CA, Liu SH, Yan ZQ. Protective Effects of Total Saponins of Panax Notoginseng on Steroid-Induced Avascular Necrosis of the Femoral Head In Vivo and In Vitro. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med 2015;2015:165679. 
43 Jiang Y, Liu C, Chen W, Wang H, Wang C, Lin N. Tetramethylpyrazine Enhances Vascularization and Prevents Osteonecrosis in Steroid-Treated Rats. BioMed Res Int 2015;2015:315850. 
44 Guo YJ, Luo SH, Tang MJ, Zhou ZB, Yin JH, Gao YS et al. Muscone exerts protective roles on alcohol-induced osteonecrosis of the femoral head. Biomed Pharmacother 2018;97:825-832.    DOI
45 Liu S, Huang Y, Wang C, Tian S, Xu Y, Ge J. Epimedium protects steroid-induced avascular necrosis of femoral head in rats by inhibiting autophagy. Exp Ther Med 2018;16:5047-5052. 
46 Huang Z, Cheng C, Cao B, Wang J, Wei H, Liu X et al. Icariin Protects against Glucocorticoid-Induced Osteonecrosis of the Femoral Head in Rats. Cell Physiol Biochem 2018;47:694-706.    DOI
47 Xue X, Feng Z, Li Z, Pan X. Salidroside inhibits steroid-induced avascular necrosis of the femoral head via the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway: In vitro and in vivo studies. Mol Med Rep 2018;17:3751-3757. 
48 Yu H, Yue J, Wang W, Liu P, Zuo W, Guo W et al. Icariin promotes angiogenesis in glucocorticoid-induced osteonecrosis of femoral heads: In vitro and in vivo studies. J Cell Mol Med 2019;23:7320-7330.    DOI
49 Cui D, Zhao D, Huang S. Beneficial contribution of a safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.) polysaccharide on steroid-induced avascular necrosis of the femoral head in rats. Int J Biol Macromol 2019;123:581-586.    DOI
50 Ye J, Wei D, Peng L, Chang T. Ginsenoside Rb1 prevents steroid-induced avascular necrosis of the femoral head through the bone morphogenetic protein-2 and vascular endothelial growth factor pathway. Mol Med Rep 2019;20:3175-3181. 
51 Yang Q, Yin W, Chen Y, Zhu D, Yin J, Zhang C et al. Betaine alleviates alcohol-induced osteonecrosis of the femoral head via mTOR signaling pathway regulation. Biomed Pharmacother 2019;120:109486. 
52 Yu H, Liu P, Zhu D, Yin J, Yang Q, Huang Y et al. Chrysophanic acid shifts the differentiation tendency of BMSCs to prevent alcohol-induced osteonecrosis of the femoral head. Cell Prolif 2020;53:e12871. 
53 Li B, Qin K, Wang B, Liu B, Yu W, Li Z et al. Crocin promotes osteogenesis differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells. Vitro Cell Dev Biol Anim 2020;56:680-688.    DOI
54 Yu H, Zhu D, Liu P, Yang Q, Gao J, Huang Y et al. Osthole stimulates bone formation, drives vascularization and retards adipogenesis to alleviate alcohol-induced osteonecrosis of the femoral head. J Cell Mol Med 2020;24:4439-4451.    DOI
55 Yan Z, Zhan J, Qi W, Lin J, Huang Y, Xue X et al. The Protective Effect of Luteolin in Glucocorticoid-Induced Osteonecrosis of the Femoral Head. Front Pharmacol 2020;11:1195. 
56 Zhan J, Yan Z, Zhao M, Qi W, Lin J, Lin Z et al. Allicin inhibits osteoblast apoptosis and steroid-induced necrosis of femoral head progression by activating the PI3K/AKT pathway. Food Funct 2020;11:7830-7841.    DOI
57 Zhu D, Yu H, Liu P, Yang Q, Chen Y, Luo P et al. Calycosin modulates inflammation via suppressing TLR4/NF-κB pathway and promotes bone formation to ameliorate glucocorticoid-induced osteonecrosis of the femoral head in rat. Phytother Res 2021;35:2824-2835.    DOI