• KSBB Journal
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• 제26권3호
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• pp.206-210
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• 2011

The growth effect of Nannochloropsis oculata (N.oculata), unicellular microalgae, by alginate was investigated. Alginate was depolymerized with sulfuric acid ($H_2SO_4$) and heat ($121^{\circ}C$), simultaneously. Addition of 0.75% alginate oligomer depolymerized with 0.2 N $H_2SO_4$ showed the maximum yield and the growth rate of N. oculata. Chlorophyll content and reducing sugar was increased by alginate oligomer in a dose-dependent manner. Alginate oligomer promoted the growth of N. oculata, whereas the original alginate polysaccharides had no significant effect. Laminaria japonica (L. japonica) extract containing high level of alginate was also increased growth rate and chlorophyll content. $CO_2$ supply addition to L. japonica extract showed no change the growth rate, although addition to alginate oligomer showed prominently increased. N. oculata could use more saccharides in presence of $CO_2$ according to reducing sugar determination. From these results, it is useful to establish optimal condition for high cell density cultivation of N. oculata.

• 공업화학
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• 제21권6호
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• pp.659-663
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• 2010

미세조류는 전 세계 바다에 분포하고 있으며 일부 종들은 인간의 식품에 이용되어 왔다. 특히, 광합성 미세조류 Nannochloropsis oculata는 영양적 가치가 우수하여 관심을 받고 있다. 본 연구에서는 광합성 미세조류 Nannochloropsis oculata의 고농도배양을 위한 배양온도, 초기 pH, 배양액 선정, 인공해수 농도, 배지농도, $CO_2$영향 등 최적조건을 확립하고자 하였다. 그 결과, 3%의 인공해수, 초기 pH 8.5, 배양온도 $25^{\circ}C$가 최적 배양조건으로 판별되었다. 미세조류에 $CO_2$를 공급하지 않았을 때에는 건조 균체량이 0.76 g/L이었지만, 5% $CO_2$ 공급 이후 1.50 g/L로 높은 성장률을 보였다. 클로로필 생합성은 미세조류 성장과 깊은 연관이 있는 것으로 판명되었다.

• 한국수산과학회지
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• 제46권3호
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• pp.252-258
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• 2013

The quality and quantity of food organisms in fish seed production are important. The marine microalgae Nannochloropsis oculata are used as initial food organisms in the field. We investigated the effects of salinity (0, 10, 20, 30, 40 and 50 psu) on the lipid and fatty acid composition of N. oculata. Cultivation of N. oculata at varying salinities showed the highest growth rate at 20 psu. Total lipid content ranged from 17.26 to 18.63% at salinities from 0 to 50 psu). The nonpolar lipid content increased markedly at 30 psu and was highest at 15.55%. The polar lipid content was lowest at 30 psu, by 84.45%. It was also found that the omega-3 and EPA contents were inversely proportional to salt concentration. For the polar and nonpolar lipid compositions, there was no significant effect of salinity. Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid content especially the content of EPA in the seawater larvae is the essential fatty acid in this food organism. It is thus advantageous to culture N. oculata at 20 psu.

• 한국해양바이오학회지
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• 제8권2호
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• pp.45-53
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• 2016

Most of microalgae shift their metabolic pathways toward the fatty acid biosynthesis following nitrogen deprivation. Recent studies on Nannochloropsis species, oleaginous microalgae, have been performed to investigate the regulation of contents and compositions of fatty acids under stressful condition. The objective of this experiment is to identify the effect of nitrogen on cell growth and fatty acids production in Nannochloropsis oculata K-1281 and compare fatty acid composition response to nitrogen deficiency between N. oculata LB2164 and K-1281. The fatty acids content in N. oculata K-1281 was increased up to 210%, while the growth rate was decreased under nitrogen deficient condition. The contents of C16:0 and C16:1 increased dramatically in both N. oculata K-1281 and LB2164, while the contents of C20:4 and C20:5 increased in N. oculata LB2164. The fatty acids content and composition in N. oculata K-1281 returned following addition of nitrogen after nitrogen starvation. These results demonstrated that fatty acid contents and compositions under nitrogen deficiency will provide the understanding of fatty acid synthesis in microalgae.

• 공업화학
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• 제24권2호
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• pp.155-160
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• 2013

미세조류의 지질축적을 증가시키는 것에 대한 돌연변이 생성 및 분리에 관한 연구는 바이오디젤 산업에 중요한 문제이다. 본 연구에서는, 광합성 미세조류인 Nannochloropsis oculata (N. oculata)를 이용하여 자외선(UV-B 타입)으로 돌연변이를 유도하였다. 그 결과 콜로니가 생성되었고, 그 이후에 f/2 액체배지와 고체배지에 배양하였다. 몇 주간 배양후, 변화된 세포성장률과 세포건조중량, 그리고 몇 가지 중요한 세포 구성 요소를 조사하였다. 수천 개의 변이주 중 두 개의 변이주가 야생균주에 비해서 증가된 세포성장과 높은 지질 축적을 보였다. 또한 증가된 세포성장률과 함께 단백질 과발현 현상이 관찰되었다. 그러나 돌연변이주의 클로로필 생합성의 감소를 확인 할 수 있었다.

• 한국수산과학회지
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• 제47권6호
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• pp.770-775
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• 2014

The green microalga of the genus Nannochloropsis (class Eustigmatophyceae) is a leading candidate for biofuel production due to its ability to accumulate high oil content (28.7% of cellular ash-free dry weight). We investigated the anti-inflammatory and anticancer activities of sterol-rich fraction from nannochloropsis oculata n-hexane (NOH) extract after saponification of the microalga. Among the fractions with n-hexane, chloroform and ethyl acetate, the n-hexane fraction showed the highest anti-inflammatory activity in LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 macrophage as well as anticancer activity against human leukemia HL-60 cells without the cytotoxity. And the sterol-rich fraction was obtained from the n-hexane fraction by open silica column under the gradient solvent condition with 100% hexane (1L), hexane : ethyl acetate (20 : 1, 10 : 1, 5 : 1, 1 : 1, v/v). Among the four fractions (NOH-1~4), especially NOH-1 contained the highest content of sterols. NOH1 showed the highest HL-60 (about 85%) and NO inhibitory activities at the concentration of $100{\mu}g/mL$. These results demonstrated that the sterol-rich fraction from N. oculata might be a useful candidate as anti-inflammatory and anticancer agents for anti-inflammatory and anticancer activity.

• 한국수산과학회지
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• 제43권5호
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• pp.437-444
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• 2010

Extracts of the marine microalgae Nannochloropsis oculata were obtained using 80% methanol (MeOH) and water. The 80% MeOH extract was further fractionated with n-hexane, chloroform, ethyl acetate (EtOAc), n-butanol (n-BuOH), and water to isolate the active fraction. Seven samples were prepared and their angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE), $\alpha$-glucosidase, and cancer cell growth inhibitory activities in vitro were determined. The most profound ACE inhibitory activity was observed in the chloroform fraction, while the others had moderate effects. By contrast, greater $\alpha$-glucosidase inhibitory activity was found in the EtOAc fraction, n-hexane fraction, and water extract of N. oculata. The antiproliferative effects of the extracts and fractions against HL-60, U937, CT-26, and SK-Hep1 cancer cells were also determined. The n-BuOH fraction had the strongest antiproliferative effects on CT-26 cells in a time-dependant manner (P<0.05). These results suggest that the extracts and fractions from N. oculata could be used as a potential functional food or as pharmaceutical ingredients.

• 공업화학
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• 제25권3호
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• pp.324-329
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• 2014

미세조류 Nannochloropsis oculata (N. oculata)와 Chlorella vulgaris (C. vulgaris)는 다른 미세조류에 비해 높은 중성지질 함유량으로 인해 바이오 디젤 생산에 중요한 자원이다. 나노기포 산소수, 수소수를 이용해 만든 배지에서 미세조류를 배양하였다. N. oculata 배양 결과 세포 성장은 대조군과 비슷하였으며 지질 함량은 대조군에 미치지 못하는 것으로 나타났다. C. vulgaris 역시 N. oculata와 비슷한 경향을 보였다. 미세조류의 광합성으로 인한 색소의 함량 변화를 알아보기 위해 클로로필과 카로티노이드 함량을 측정하였다. 클로로필 함량은 나노 기포산소수와 수소수에서 배양한 N. oculata가 대조군 보다 약 54%, 30% 증가하였으며 카로티노이드 함량은 각각 21%, 25%씩 증가함을 확인하였다. C. vulgaris의 클로로필 함량은 기포산소수와 수소수에서 대조군보다 59%, 39% 증가하였으며 카로티노이드 함량도 49%, 29% 증가하였다.

• 한국어업기술학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국어업기술학회 1998년도 수산관련공동학술대회발표요지집
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• pp.187.1-188
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• 1998

• ALGAE
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• 제31권3호
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• pp.277-287
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• 2016

Five fractions separated from Nannochloropsis oculata using solvent-solvent partition chromatography of 80% methanolic extract of N. oculata (NOM) followed by the open silica column chromatography of its hexane fraction (NOMH) for the anti-inflammatory on RAW 264.7 cells and anti-cancer activities on HL-60, A-549, HEP-3B, HCT-116, and SW-480 cancer cells. All the five fractions showed potential anti-inflammatory activities against lipopolysaccharide-stimulated RAW 264.7 macrophages cells with IC₅₀ values less than 6.25 μg mL⁻¹. Moreover, 90% n-hexane column elution of NOMH (NOMH90) down-regulated lipopolysaccharide-stimulated protein levels of inducible nitric oxide synthase and cyclooxygenase-2. Furthermore, NOMH90 showed marked cytotoxic effect on the HL-60 cells with IC₅₀ value of 23.58 ± 0.09 μg mL⁻¹. In addition, Hoechst 33342 cell permeable dye used to visualize the apoptosis nucleus and cell cycle analysis measured Sub-G1 DNA contents to confirm reduction of the cell viability in NOMH90 treated cells due to induction of apoptosis in HL60. These results are quite related to the phytosterol contents of the NOMH fractions and the results suggest N. oculata extracts might be useful as potential sources of natural anti-inflammatory and anti-cancer compounds. In conclusion, the sterol content in N. oculata might provide a promising role in future medicines in anti-inflammatory and anti-cancer.