• Biotechnology and Bioprocess Engineering:BBE
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• v.6 no.5
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• pp.337-340
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• 2001

A galactooligosaccharide(GalOS)-producing yeast, OE-20 was selected from forty seven strains of yeast growing in Korean traditional Meju (cooked soybean) and the yeast was tentatively identified as Kluyveromyces maxianus var lactis by its morphology and fermentation profile. A maximum yield of 25.1%(w/w) GalOS, which corresponds to 25.1 g of GalOS per liter, was obtained from the reaction of 100 g per liter of lactose solution at 3$0^{\circ}C$, pH 7.0 for 18 h with an intracellular crude $\beta$-galactosidase. Glucose and galactosidase were found to inhibit GalOS formation. The GalOS that were purified by active carbon and celite 545 column chromatography were supplemented in MRS media and a stimulated growth was observed of some intestinal bacteria. In particular the growth rate of Bifidobacterium infantis in the GalOS containing MRS broth increased up to 12.5% compared to that of the MRS-glucose broth during a 48h incubation period.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
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• v.51 no.8
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• pp.25-41
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• 2001

This Paper reveals the costume culture of early 17th century from the study of private letters found in the tomb of Mrs. JinJoo Ha(\ulcorner - after 1652) excavated in 1989. The tomb was located at KooJi-myon, DalSung-kun, Kyung-Poong Province. Joo Kwak(1569-1617), Mrs. Ha s husband, didn t have a title from the government, but he was a clan in HyunPoong area who had enough land and servants. However, he didn't live togther with mrs. Ha, his second wife, he had to travel between SoRye and NonKong where his wife resided. The 40 or so private letters that contains valuable information that can help us to understand and reconstruct the costume culture of early 17th century in HyunPoong area. We believe that these materials contain somewhat general information that reveals costume of KyungSangDo area even though the materials are from a specific family. By accumulating information from real material like these letters, we also believe that it will give us a better understanding on the costume culture in 17th century, Choson dynasty. Furthermore, it will certainly help us to reconstruct a more realistic lifestyle of the time.

• Food Science of Animal Resources
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• v.31 no.2
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• pp.176-182
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• 2011

The bacteriocin-producing lactic acid bacteria Enterococcus faecium DB1 was isolated from Korean traditional gajami sikhae. Culture conditions were optimized by response surface methodology (RSM) to maximize bacteriocin DB1 production. E. faecium DB1 displayed the highest bacteriocin activity when grown in modified MRS medium containing sucrose, rather than glucose, as a carbon source. The effects of temperature, initial pH, and sucrose concentration were tested to determine the optimum conditions for maximum bacteriocin production by E. faecium DB1. A central composite design was used to control the three variables in the experiment. RSM revealed that the optimum values for bacteriocin production were 27.66 g/L sucrose, temperature of $34.37^{\circ}C$, and an initial pH of 6.54. A 2.08-fold increase in bacteriocin production was obtained with sucrose-containing MRS medium compared to production in standard MRS medium.

• The Journal of Korean Obstetrics and Gynecology
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• v.28 no.1
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• pp.73-84
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• 2015

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to analyze the characteristics of the pulse energy in women who complain of climacteric and menopausal symptoms. Methods: We analyzed the values of pulse energy on 45 climacteric and menopausal women. The patients' symptoms were assessed by Kupperman's index and Menopause Rating Scale (MRS). Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS 18.0 for window program, one way ANOVA, pearson correlation coefficient. Results: The results were as follows. 1. The pulse energy of the Left Chon was significantly largest and Left Cheok was comparatively smallest. 2. There was no statistically significant correlation in the pulse energy of Left Chon minus Left Cheok, Kupperman's index, MRS total sum score. Conclusions: The results suggest that the pulse energy of the Left Chon tends to be increased and Left Cheok decreased in climacteric and menopausal women.

• ETRI Journal
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• v.43 no.3
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• pp.400-413
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• 2021

This paper theoretically and empirically explores the reliability gain that can be obtained by installing multiple antennas in on-vehicle broadcasting receivers. Analytical derivations reveal that maximal-ratio-combining-based diversity allows a multi-antenna receiver (MR) to achieve significantly better coverage probability than a single-antenna receiver (SR). In particular, the notable MR gains for low-power reception and high-throughput services are highlighted. We also discuss various aspects of mobile MRs, including geometric coverage, volume of the users served, and impact of receiver velocity. To examine the feasibility of MRs in the real world, extensive field experiments were conducted, particularly with on-air ATSC 3.0 broadcast transmissions. Relying on the celebrated erroneous second ratio criterion, MRs with two and four antennas were verified to achieve notable reliability gains over SRs in practice. Furthermore, our results also prove that layered-division multiplexing can cope better with receiver mobility than traditional time-division multiplexing when multiple services are intended in the same radio frequency channel.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.135-143
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• 2009

There is currently increased interest in the identification of antioxidant compounds that are pharmacologically potent and have low or no side effects. Plants produce significant amounts of antioxidants to prevent the oxidative stress caused by photons and oxygen, therefore they represent a potential source of new compounds with antioxidant activity. Moutan Root Sark (MRS) has been frequently used as analgesic. antispasmodic, anti-inflammatory and remedies for female diseases. In this study. the antioxidant activity of extract from MRS was studied in vitro methods by measuring the antioxidant activity by TEAC, measuring the scavenging effects on reactive oxygen species (ROS) [superoxide anion, hydroxyl radical] and on reactive nitrogen species (RNS) [nitric oxide and peroxynitrite] as well as measuring the inhibitory effect on $Cu^{2+}$ induced human LDL oxidation and the inhibitory effect on collagen induced platelet aggregation. The MRS extracts were found to have a potent scavenging activity, as well as an inhibitory effect on LDL oxidation and on platelet aggregation. In conclusion, the MRS extracts have anti-oxidative and anti-atherosclerotic effects in vitro system, which can be used for developing pharmaceutical drug against oxidative stress and atherosclerosis.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.46 no.8
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• pp.979-985
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• 2017

This study was carried out to investigate the production of ${\gamma}$-aminobutyric acid (GABA) by lactic acid bacteria and to manufacture GABA using rice bran extract-based optimum medium. Electrostatic spraying technology was used to add GABA into the cereals. The isolated Lactobacillus brevis CFM11 produced the highest GABA production up to a concentration of $2,002.93{\mu}g/mL$ when cultivated in MRS broth containing 0.8% monosodium glutamate (MSG). The production level of GABA was $585.80{\mu}g/mL$ in rice bran extract containing 0.4% MSG, 2% sucrose, 1% skim milk, and 0.2% magnesium sulfate. After electrostatic spraying of the cultured suspension onto rice, GABA concentration reached $228.10{\mu}g/g$ while untreated rice reached $32.23{\mu}g/g$. These results demonstrate that rice bran extract can be an economic commercial medium for GABA production as a substitute for MRS broth. This study demonstrates the novel application of electrostatic spraying of GABA into cereal products for the first time.

• Journal of Mushroom
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.50-55
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• 2015

Glucan has been shown to have a significant role in the activation of the immune system, including increased activity of macrophages and so on. Sparassis latifolia (formerly S. crispa) is an edible mushroom abundant in dietary fiber and widely known to contain high levels of ${\beta}$-glucan. In the present study, fermentation broths containing soluble ${\beta}$-glucan were prepared by fermentation with mushrooms with four Lactobacillus species (L. plantarum subsp. Plantarum, L. acidophilus, L. helveticus, and L. delbrueckii subsp. Bulgaricus). After culturing four Lactobacillus spp. in MRS broth, each Lactobacillus was inoculated into MRS broth containing S. latifolia powder 5% (w/v) at $37^{\circ}C$ in an anaerobic incubator for five days. It showed that the ${\beta}$-glucan contents were different in each fermentation sample. The suitable conditions for the preparation of mushroom fermentation broths were investigated and discussed.

• Microbiology and Biotechnology Letters
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• v.44 no.1
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• pp.26-33
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• 2016

Dominant lactic acid bacteria (LAB) strains were isolated from traditional fermented foods to obtain rare ${\gamma}$-aminobutyric acid (GABA)-producing LAB. Out of 147 isolates, 23 strains that could produce GABA with 1% (w/v) L-monosodium glutamate (MSG) were first isolated. After further screening of these rare GABA-producing LAB by analysis of the glutamate decarboxylase and 16S rRNA gene sequences, Enterococcus faecium JK29 was isolated, and 1.56 mM of GABA was produced after 48 h cultivation in basic de Man, Rogosa, and Sharpe (MRS) medium. To enhance GABA production by E. faecium JK29, the culture conditions were optimized. When E. faecium JK29 was cultivated in optimized MRS medium containing 0.5% (w/v) sucrose and 2% (w/v) yeast extract with 0.5% (w/v) MSG, GABA production reached 14.86 mM after 48 h cultivation at initial conditions of pH 7.5 and $30^{\circ}C$.

• Microbiology and Biotechnology Letters
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• v.36 no.2
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• pp.121-127
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• 2008

A strain IDCC 9203 isolated from infant feces was identified as Lactobacillus johnsonii on the basis of 16S rDNA sequence analysis. L. johnsonii IDCC 9203 was highly resistant to acid (MRS broth at pH 2.3) and bile (MRS broth with 0.3% oxgall). The antibacterial activities of L. johnsonii IDCC 9203 was examined against Salmonella typhimurium KCTC 2054. The growth of S. typhimurium KCTC 2054 was inhibited by the cell-free culture supernatant (at pH 4.0) of L. johnsonii IDCC 9203 as well as by the respective control (MRS broth at pH 4.0). Antimicrobial effect against S. typhimurium KCTC 2054 of L. johnsonii IDCC 9203 was probably due to the lactic acid. By an in vitro cell adhesion model, L. johnsonii IDCC 9203 preincubated or coincubated with Caco-2 cells reduced the adhesion of S. typhimurium KCTC 2054 to Caco-2 cells by 74% or 47.1%, respectively. Also in an in vivo model, L. johnsonii IDCC 9203 was colonized in mice intestines which were disrupted by ampicillin treatment. Its proliferation in the mice intestines reduced abnormal salmonella growth from $10^9CFU/g$ feces to $10^5CFU/g$ feces as an indigenous level. The results obtained in this study suggest that L. johnsonii IDCC 9203 may be a potential probiotic strain.