• Journal of applied mathematics & informatics
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• v.28 no.1_2
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• pp.499-507
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• 2010

In this note, we study the local spectral properties of semi-shifts. If $T\;{\in}\;L(X)$ is a semi-shift on a complex Banach space X, then T is admissible. We also prove that if $T\;{\in}\;L(X)$ is subadmissible, then $X_T(F)\;=\;E_T(F)$ for all closed $F\;{\subseteq}\;\mathbb{C}$. In particular, every subscalar operator on a Banach space is admissible.

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.8-14
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• 2003

This study was aimed to obtain basic information on the characteristics of local cultivars of burdock(Arctium lappa L.) grown in Yeong-Nam region. The characteristics of seeds were shown a remarkable diversity among the local cultivars. Germination rate was the highest at 25$^{\circ}C$ and Munkyong' as the highest germination rate(42.2%) at l0$^{\circ}C$ respectively. In Youchon' and 'Chilgok', about 10％ was bolted but the other was rarely or none. The range of root length was 62∼77cm and lateral root number was maximum 5.5('Koryong') and minimum 0.3('Songju). 'Chongdo I' contents 14.2mg/100g of tannin in root and 'Kyongsan', 'Koryong', 'kyongiu',’ Kumi' and 'Haman' taste not bitter in leaves.

• THE INTERNATIONAL COMMERCE & LAW REVIEW
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• v.59
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• pp.137-157
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• 2013

The Electronic Trade Finance not only has with the trait which is simple procedures, low cost but also easier access to using statistics compare to formerly paper based system. In Korea, all of trade finance system will be changed to electronic base by February 2014. The purpose of this research finds the using status and problems of the electronic local L/C and electronic purchase certificate, and suggests several improvements. First, the whole trade finance system should improve in terms of simple procedures, especially small and medium companies can use the system sufficient maximum limit. Second, the organizers, KTNET, KITA etc, need to the new electronic trade finance system promote to customers and training program for early settlement. It also has to manage at an unified system between IT and tex authorities. Third, small and medium size companies still think the charge for using high, so it need to make a resonable charge for using the electronic system to persuasive extent reasonable about it.

• Journal of the Chungcheong Mathematical Society
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• v.29 no.4
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• pp.543-552
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• 2016

In this paper we investigate the local spectral properties of quasidecomposable operators. We show that if $T{\in}L(X)$ is quasi-decomposable, then T has the weak-SDP and ${\sigma}_{loc}(T)={\sigma}(T)$. Also, we show that the quasi-decomposability is preserved under commuting quasi-nilpotent perturbations. Moreover, we show that if $f:U{\rightarrow}{\mathbb{C}}$ is an analytic and injective on an open neighborhood U of ${\sigma}(T)$, then $T{\in}L(X)$ is quasi-decomposable if and only if f(T) is quasi-decomposable. Finally, if $T{\in}L(X)$ and $S{\in}L(Y)$ are asymptotically similar, then T is quasi-decomposable if and only if S does.

• International Journal of Industrial Entomology and Biomaterials
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.147-151
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• 2012

Fifteen races resulted from silkworm breeding program at Sericulture Research Department (SRD) were used for hybridization. Fourteen hybrids were obtained and coded as; Giza C, D, R, S, T, U, A, V, W, P, H, L and Qanater 1, 2. The traits of cocoon weight, cocoon shell weight, pupal weight, cocoon shell ratio, silk productivity, fifth instar duration, total larval duration, number of cocoon per liter and pupation ratio were evaluated. Data were analyzed by using three formulae of heterosis over better, mid and check parent values. Hybrids of Giza V, C, N, Qanater 1 and 2 are promising and could be used in commercial cocoon production. Generally, there are some new hybrids can be exploited in commercial scale. Also, the local races can be evolved using the hybridization, inbreeding and selection program.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Plant Pathology Conference
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• 2003.10a
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• pp.143.3-144
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• 2003

A Korean isolate of Pepper mild mottle virus (PMMoV-Kr) was isolated from a diseased pepper crop in Chunchon, Korea. The isolate was biologically purified on Nicoticaa tabacum cv. Xanthi-nc by successive single local transfer steps, and propagated on N. tabacum cv. Samsun. PMMoV-Kr could systemically infect on N. glauca, N. benthmiana, N. occidentalis and Lycopersicon esculentum, which is typical of known isolates of PMMoV. PMMoV-Kr belongs to the pathotype P1,2 based on pepper-tobamoviral indicator experiments; Capsicn chinone harboring L3 gene revealed resistant (necrotic local lesion on inoculated leaf, HR) whereas L+, L1 and L2 pepper plants expressed susceptible reactions of mosaic systemic symptoms for the isolate. To confirm the pathology and delineate symptom determinant of the isolate, full-length cDNAs of PMMoV-Kr were amplified by RT-PCR with a primer set corresponding to the 5'- and 3'-ends of PMMoV. The RT-PCR molecules amplified from genome RNA of the isolate was cloned into the pUC18 vector. Full-length cDNA clones constructed under the control of the T7 RNA promoter could be successfully transcribed to produce in vitro transcript RNA. Infectivity of the capped transcripts and its progeny virus was verified by Western blot and RT-PCR analyses.

• Earthquakes and Structures
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.1-22
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• 2013

Soft storey failure mechanism is a common collapse mode for masonry-infilled (MI) reinforced concrete (RC) buildings subjected to severe earthquakes. Simple analytical equations correlating global with local ductility demands are derived from pushover (PO) analyses for seismic assessments of regular MI RC frames, considering the critical interstorey drift ratio, number of storeys and lateral loading configurations. The reliability of the equations is investigated using incremental dynamic analyses for MI RC frames of up to 7 storeys. Using the analytical ductility relationship and a coefficient-based method (CBM), the response spectral accelerations and period shift factors of low-rise MI RC frames are computed. The results are verified through published shake table test results. In general applications, the analytical ductility relationships thus derived can be used to bypass the onerous PO analysis while accurately predicting the local ductility demands for seismic assessment of regular MI RC frames.

• Journal of Korean Medicine for Obesity Research
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.101-110
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• 2017

Objectives: In this study, the lipolytic effects of Eriobotrya folium extract (EFE) on local fat was investigated in high fat diet (HFD)-induced obesity mouse and 3T3-L1 adipocytes. Methods: C57BL/6J mice (5 weeks) were fed HFD for 6 weeks to induce obesity. EFE (20 mg/ml, $100{\mu}l$) or saline ($100{\mu}l$) as a normal control was injected into left inguinal fat pad region, 3 times per a week for last 2 weeks. After sacrifice, body weight, and histological changes of the inguinal fat pad were evaluated. The expressions of hormone-sensitive lipase (HSL) and adipose triglyceride lipase (ATGL) in inguinal fat pad were analyzed by Western blotting. Also, lipid accumulation and lipases release were determined in 3T3-L1 adipocytes by oil red o staining. Results: EFE significantly reduced the weight of inguinal fat pad and the size of adipocytes in HFD-induced obesity mice compared to control. The treatment of EFE up-regulated the expressions of HSL and ATGL in inguinal fat pads of obesity mice, as well as 3T3-L1 adipocytes. In addition, EFE inhibited the lipid accumulation in 3T3-L1 adipocytes in a dose dependent manner. Conclusions: EFE showed lipolytic effect on local fat of HFD-induced obesity mice by up-regulation of the lipases secretion. This suggests that EFE could be considered as anti-obese substance with lipolytic property on local fat.

• Bulletin of the Korean Mathematical Society
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• v.53 no.3
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• pp.875-884
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• 2016

Let x : $^{Mn-1}{\rightarrow}{\mathbb{R}}^n$ ($n{\geq}4$) be an umbilical free hyper-surface with non-zero principal curvatures. Then x is associated with a Laguerre metric g, a Laguerre tensor L, a Laguerre form C, and a Laguerre second fundamental form B, which are invariants of x under Laguerre transformation group. We denote the Laguerre scalar curvature by R and the trace-free Laguerre tensor by ${\tilde{L}}:=L-{\frac{1}{n-1}}tr(L)g$. In this paper, we prove a local classification result under the assumption of parallel Laguerre form and an inequality of the type $${\parallel}{\tilde{L}}{\parallel}{\leq}cR$$ where $c={\frac{1}{(n-3){\sqrt{(n-2)(n-1)}}}$ is appropriate real constant, depending on the dimension.

• Korean Journal of Air-Conditioning and Refrigeration Engineering
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.26-33
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• 1991

An experimental study has been performed on the heat transfer by the natural convection from a conducting tube with two axial fins to a surrounding cylinder. In case of vertical fins, the maximum local Nusselt number of conducting tube appears at ${\theta}{\fallingdotseq}145^{\circ}$ and that of outer cylinder appears at ${\theta}=0^{\circ}$, for $l_F=0.3$. In case of horizontal fins, the maximum local Nusselt number of conducting tube appears at ${\theta}=180^{\circ}$ and that of outer cylinder appears at ${\theta}=0^{\circ}$. The local Nusselt number of the upper fin and the downward fin shows negative values for $l_F=1.0$. The local Nusselt number of the lower fin and the downward fin shows higher values than that of the upper fin and the upward fin. The mean Nusselt number of conducting tube in case of vertical fins are increased in order of $l_F=0.6$, 0.3, 1.0 and 0.0, but in case of horizontal fins, in order of $l_F=1.0$, 0.6, 0.3, and 0.0. The mean Nusselt number of outer cylinder in case of vertical fins are increased in order of $l_F=1.0$, 0.0, 0.3 and 0.6, but in case of horizontal fins, in order of $l_F=0.6$, 1.0, 0.3, and 0.0.