• Journal of The Korean Society of Integrative Medicine
• /
• v.7 no.3
• /
• pp.11-19
• /
• 2019

Purpose : The purpose of this study is to examine the effect of instrumental-activity of daily living program on a patient with subacute stroke in the view of self-efficiency, motivation for rehabilitation, social support. Methods : Eight stroke patients who attended instrumental-activity of daily living program at P hospital in Busan Metropolitan City from march 2018 to January 2019 were recruited. Instrumental-activity of daily living program was offered to 8 stroke patients 1 session (at least 1 hours) a day, 5 times a week, for 4~5 weeks. The instrumental-activity of daily living program was based on occupational therapy practice framework (OTPF) and international classification of functioning, disability and health (ICF). We evaluated self-efficacy, rehabilitation motivation, social support before and after intervention. Self-efficacy was evaluated using the general self-efficacy scale. The collected data was processed using SPSS 20.0 and were analyzed using descriptive statistics, Wilcoxon signed rank test, Pearson's correlation coefficient. Results : There were statistically significant differences in self-efficiency, rehabilitation motivation, social support between before and after instrumental-activity of daily living program (p<.05). Examining the correlation between the self-efficiency, rehabilitation motivation and social support of the stroke patient, there was a correlation between the self-efficiency and social support (p<.05). Conclusion : This study showed that the instrumental-activity of daily living program have positive effects on self-efficacy, rehabilitation motivation, social support. When considering the instrumental-activity of daily living program with improved self-efficacy, rehabilitation motivation, social support of the participants, we suggest that further studies will be needed to examine more extensive instrumental-activity of daily living and rehabilitation to the society with a larger sample size.

• Cross-Cultural Studies
• /
• v.19
• /
• pp.313-338
• /
• 2010

Attitudes toward target language culture and motivation have been known as important factors in second or foreign language learning. In this study, cadets' attitudes toward the target language community and culture were investigated to find out any relationships with English achievement. Integrative or instrumental motivation in foreign military context was investigated to determine which motivation was more positively related to English proficiency. Cadets' responses were shown highly positive and internally consistent in most cases. Military cadets' attitudes toward American culture were statistically significant and could predict their English achievement. Even though integrative motivation was statistically significant, correlation with English achievement was low. However, instrumental motivation was not significant. This result implies that attitudes toward culture is an important factor in foreign language learning and integrative-instrumental motivation dichotomy might not be enough to explain specific context like cadets' English learning situation at Korea Army Academy at Youngcheon.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
• /
• v.10 no.9
• /
• pp.443-448
• /
• 2012

This study aims to investigate the relationship between various motivational factors and to identify other causative components affecting English learners' learning motivation(From March to Jun, 2012). In case of integrative motivation and instrumental motivation, there was a statistically significant difference among those who have studied in other countries. However, in the case of negative motivation, there was a statistically significant difference among those who have no learning experience in other countries. English learners' learning motivation between the students majoring in Liberal Arts and Others, learning contents and teaching methods were significant factors.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Earth Science Education
• /
• v.3 no.3
• /
• pp.191-197
• /
• 2010

Students' emotional attitude not only affects their achievement in a meaningful way but also is an important educational goal in its own right. This research investigated how students' interest in science varies among elementary, middle and high-school students based on a survey and reviews of previous research results. We analyzed students learning attitude in terms of interest in and enjoyment of science, instrumental motivation in science, science learning anxiety, and self-concept in science. Major findings are students showed more negative attitudes in intrinsic motivation, instrumental motivation, value perception of science, and confidence in science as they move in to a higher school level. According to students' explanation, science classes got bored in a higher grade because of difficult contents, lack of experiments and activities, and teachers' monotonous explanations. Based on the results, recommendations on how to improve students' attitudes towards science are suggested. First of all we need to secure more science instructional hours in the school curriculum than the 7th national curriculum to implement improved science teaching and learning methods.

• Journal of Educational Research in Mathematics
• /
• v.26 no.4
• /
• pp.701-714
• /
• 2016

This study examined the structural relationships among parental attitudes and expectations toward mathematics, mathematics motivation and achievement of their child in PISA 2012 of South Korea. Data were analyzed using structural equation modeling(SEM) analysis. The results were as follows: First, parental attitudes toward mathematics had positive effects on parent academic and professional expectations in mathematics. Second, parental expectations also had positive effects on intrinsic motivation, instrumental motivation and math achievement for their child. Third, instrumental motivation had strongest effects on math achievement. The next factors which had effects on math achievement were intrinsic motivation and parental expectations in order. This results shows that the parental awareness of the usefulness and necessity of mathematics will help to increase the interest and value toward mathematics, math achievement and interest of math related carriers of their child.

• Korean journal of communication and information
• /
• v.27
• /
• pp.183-212
• /
• 2004

Mobile phone media have extended the terrain of human communication. Starting from the notion of McLuhan, this study suggests that the extension of human communication is a concept of multiple dimension, such as 'extension of function' and 'extension of ego' Mobile phone speed the pare and efficiency of life, but also allow more flexibility at business and professional levels as well as family and personal life. On the other hand, mobile phone is also conceived as a personality kit, that is as a symbol of user's identity. So we ran classify the mobile phone users as a typology of motivation. Group I, entitled 'hyper-coordination', has high instrumental and high expressive motivation. Group II(='instrumental') is high instrumental but low expressive. Group III(='expressive') is low instrumental and high expressive, and Group IV(='minimal') is low in both instrumentality and expressiveness of mobile phone use. Then would the hyper-coordination group have different usage pattern with the other groups? A sample of 482 university students completed survey questionnaire. , which states hyper-coordination group would most frequently make calls and text, and have largest extensity and variety of usage, is supported statistically. states that hyper-coordination group would have larger and deeper social network than the other groups. This hypothesis is also supported with statistics.

• Journal of Distribution Science
• /
• v.16 no.5
• /
• pp.71-81
• /
• 2018

Purpose - Our research aims to investigate the mediating effect of employee creativity on the relationship between intrinsic motivation and job performance using relationship using Chinese department salespeople samples. Another objective of this study is to be clear boundary conditions that strengthen or weaken the effects of intrinsic motivation on work outcomes (i.e., employee creativity and job performance). Drawing on JD-R theory, we suggest that the two types of coworker support play differential moderating roles in the intrinsic motivation, employee creativity relationship by increasing or decreasing job resources and demands in different ways. Research design, data, and methodology - This empirical study data were collected from gathered from a sample of full time salespeople in China. A total of 550 questionnaires were distributed and 300 responses were collected, indicating a response rate of 84.0%. Working with a sample of 300 salespeople working in a department store in China. SPSS 18.0, Process 2.16 Macro, and M-Plus 8.0 software were used in the data analysis. Descriptive statistics were used to evaluate the distribution of the employee profiles and correlations between variables. M-Plus 8.0 software was used to test the model fit, validity and reliability of the variables. Finally, all research hypotheses was estimated by SPSS Macro 2.16. Results - To test our research hypotheses, we employed an analytical strategy suggested by Hayes (2013; 2015) and Shrout and Bolger (2002). In this study, we tested the relationship between intrinsic motivation and job performance throughout employee creativity. Results showed intrinsic motivation and job performance was partially mediated by employee creativity. The positive relationship between intrinsic motivation and employee creativity when coworker emotional support was high than when it was low. In contrast, the positive association between intrinsic motivation and employee creativity was stronger when coworker instrumental support was low than when it was high. Coworker emotional and instrumental support further moderated the indirect effect of intrinsic motivation on job performance through employee creativity. Conclusions - This study extends the conceptual model and empirical researches in coworker supports literature by representing a fundamental mechanism of how salespeople's intrinsic motivation and job performance throughout employee creativity.

• English Language & Literature Teaching
• /
• v.13 no.3
• /
• pp.227-251
• /
• 2007

The development and use of computer mediated communications (CMC) as a tool for teaching and learning English has grown considerably in recent years. The purpose of this study is to investigate factors related to learners' participation, achievement, and satisfaction in EFL classes using web-based bulletin boards. The total number of 77 university students participated in this study. Three domains and eight independent variables investigated in this study were a learner-related domain (attitudes toward CMC, intrinsic motivation, extrinsic motivation, attitudes toward writing), an interaction-related domain (student-student interaction, teacher-student interaction), and an environmental domain (physical support and design of the web site). In order to determine interrelation of variables correlation analysis and multiple regression analysis were used. The results of this study showed that the factors predicting a learner's participation were instrumental motivation, attitudes toward writing, and teacher-student interaction. The factors explaining a learner's achievement were learner's participation and attitudes toward writing, and the factors predicting a learner's satisfaction were integrative motivation, student-student interaction, teacher-student interaction, physical support and learner's participation.

• Journal of the Korean earth science society
• /
• v.27 no.3
• /
• pp.260-268
• /
• 2006

Students' affective attitude not only influences their achievement in a meaningful way but is also an important educational goal in its own right. This research investigated how students' interest in science varies among elementary, middle, and high-school students based on surveys and reviews of previous research results. We analyzed students learning attitude in terms of (1) interest in and enjoyment of science, (2) instrumental motivation in science, (3) science learning anxiety, and (4) self-concept in science. Major findings are that students showed more negative attitudes in intrinsic motivation, instrumental motivation, value perception of science, and confidence in science as they move in to a higher school level. According to the students' explanation, science classes get boring in higher grades because of difficult contents, lack of experiments and activities, and the teachers' monotonous explanations. Based on the results, recommendations on how to improve students' attitudes towards science are suggested. First of all, we need to secure more science instructional hours in the school curriculum than the 7th national curriculum to implement improved science teaching and learning methods.

• Journal of Families and Better Life
• /
• v.24 no.5 s.83
• /
• pp.101-112
• /
• 2006

This study examined factors related to the motivation for the uses of cellular phones and the relationship between motivation for cellular phone use and parent-child communication among middle school students. A total of 223 questionnaires were submitted and analyzed. The characteristics of motive structure of the middle school students were found as recreation, time management, information-seeking, reassurance and fashion/showing off. Among those motivations, these middle school students examined here were found to use cellular phones in similar ways to how conventional telephone is used such as work/instrumental reasons and socializing/entertaining. The motivations showed a significant association with the level of parent-child communication. Information-seeking and time management motivation were positively related with an open communication level while fashion/showing off and recreation were negatively related with an open communication level.