• 대한통합의학회지
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• 제11권4호
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• pp.95-104
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• 2023

Purpose : This study aimed to introduce a 12-week muscular endurance exercise program and β-glucan consumption to obese elderly people with sarcopenia. We evaluated the program's impact on appendicular skeletal muscle strength and function, muscle function-related physical strength, blood lipids, and IGF-1. The results will serve as foundational data for preventing and improving sarcopenia. Methods : Forty elderly people aged 65 or older were recruited and underwent dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. Based on criteria related to appendicular skeletal muscle mass (ASM/Height2: less than 5.4 kg/m2) and body fat percentage (at least 30% for women and 25% for men), we selected 24 obese elderly people with sarcopenia and excluded 56 who did not meet the criteria. Variables related to sarcopenia, blood lipids, IGF-1, and muscle function were measured before the 12-week muscular endurance exercise program. Results : In sarcopenic obese elderly participants, the 12-week muscular endurance exercise program significantly increased bone density and muscle mass while decreasing fat mass and percentage (p<.05). This program also improved grip strength, static balance, and SPPB in sarcopenic obese older adults. Furthermore, their 6-minute walk distance significantly increased (p<.05). Conclusion : Muscular endurance exercises combined with supplement intake can increase appendicular skeletal muscle and improve muscle strength and function, thereby improving the daily physical performance of the elderly.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• 제48권8호
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• pp.865-870
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• 2005

목 적 : 최근까지 성장호르몬 결핍증으로 진단 받은 소아에서의 성장호르몬 치료는 그 효과를 인정받아 왔으나 성장호르몬 자극 유발 검사에서 유의한 결과를 보이지 않는 특발성 저신장증은 그 원인이 성장호르몬의 부분적 결핍 또는 감수성의 부족 때문이므로 성장호르몬의 치료 효과가 기대되나 성장호르몬 투여가 인정되어 오지 못한 현실이다. 특발성 저신장 소아에서의 성장호르몬의 효과에 대하여 몇몇 국외 연구 논문들이 발표되어 왔으나 국내에서는 거의 없는 실정으로 이에 저자들은 국내 소아를 대상으로 국내에서 생산된 성장호르몬을 투여하기 전과 후의 여러 성장 관련인자들 및 신장을 비교 분석하여 특발성 저신장증에서의 성장호르몬 치료효과에 대하여 검증하고자 하였다. 방 법 : 충북대학교병원에서 최소 1년 이상 성장호르몬 투여를 받은 특발성 저신장증 환아 15명을 대상으로 하여 1년 치료군과 2년 치료군으로 나누어 투여 전 및 후의 여러 성장 관련변수들 및 신장의 변화를 검토하여 성장호르몬의 효과를 비교 분석하였다. 결 과 : 15명의 소아 중 남아가 7명, 여아가 8명이었고 평균 연령은 $11.44{\pm}2.81$세(4.6-12.73세)이었다. 성장호르몬을 사용하기 전에 1년 치료군과 2년 치료군 사이의 역 연령, 골 연령, 신장 표준 편차치, 예측 성인 신장의 표준 편차치, 표적 신장의 표준 편차치, IGF-I, 그리고 IGFBP-3의 차이는 없었다. 또한 성장호르몬 투여 1년 후의 각종 성장 관련변수들의 비교 결과 1년 치료군과 2년 치료군 사이의 유의한 차이는 없었다. 그러나 성장호르몬 투여 전후의 신장의 변화를 비교하였을 때 1년 치료군과 2년 치료군 모두에서 의미 있는 증가를 보였다. 또한 각종 성장 관련 변수들도 두 군 모두에서 증가를 보였으나 2년 치료군에서는 IGF-I과 IGFBP-3가 통계학적으로 관련성이 미미한 것처럼 보였는데 이는 환아의 수가 적기 때문으로 보인다. 결 론 : 통상적으로 최대 자극 성장호르몬 치를 성장호르몬 치료의 기준으로 사용하여 왔다. 그러나 이 연구에서는 성장호르몬 자극 검사상 성장호르몬 결핍증의 범위에서 벗어나는 특발성 저신장의 치료에도 성장호르몬이 효과가 있으며 또한 치료의 지표로서 IGF-I과 IGFBP-3를 사용할 수 있다는 것을 보여주고 있다.

• 한국가축번식학회지
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• 제23권2호
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• pp.105-111
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• 1999

본 연구는 한우 난소의 황체세포를 분리ㆍ체외배양하여 progesterone 과 IGF-I 분비기능에 대한 비장세포의 첨가효과를 검토하여 난소기능에 대한 기초정보를 제공하는데 있다. 도축장에서 도축되는 한우 난소로부터 황체를 분리ㆍ효소처리하여 LLC 와 SLC (1$\times$$10^{6}$ cells/$m\ell$)를 회수하였으며 10% FCS와 antibiotic가 첨가된 D-MEM 배양액에 24 시간 체외배양하였다. 비장세포는 성숙한 거세한우의 비장에서 회수하여 5%, 10% 및 20%를 황체세포에 각각 첨가하여 공배양하였다. 황체일령별 조직내 progesterone 농도는 발정주기 중 중기황체 (CL-3)가 유의적으로 높았다. 비장세포를 5%, 10% 및 20%를 각각 황체세포에 첨가하여 배양한 결과, 배양액 중의 progesterone 농도는 대조구에 비해 유의적인 차이가 발견되지 않았으나 LH(100ng/$m\ell$) 첨가구와 비장세포 5%, 10%, 20% 첨가와 함께 LH 를 각각 공배양구에서 대조구(LH＋BP)에 비해 유의적 (p＜0.05)으로 높은 progesterone 분비를 나타내었다. 한편, 황체세포의 체외배양에 있어서 IGF-I은 일정하게 분비하였으나 비장세포와 LH＋비장세포 5%, 10% 및 20%와의 공배양은 대조구에 비해 큰 차이가 없었으나 LH 단독처리구만이 대조구에 비해 유의적으로 (p＜0.05) 높은 수준을 보였다. 이상의 결과로, 비장세포는 황체세포에 작용하여 LH 의 progesterone 분비기능을 촉진시킴으로서 황체세포의 progesterone 분비를 촉진하는 기능이 있으나 IGF-I의 분비기능은 없는 것으로 사료된다.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• 제48권11호
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• pp.1172-1178
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• 2005

목 적 : 소아 비만은 전세계적으로 증가하고 있는 추세이며, 신체적으로나 정신적으로 장애를 일으킨다. 특히 고혈압, 관상동맥질환, 당뇨병 등의 성인병이 문제가 되고 있다. 이에 비만 청소년에서 혈중 인슐린, 인슐린저항지수, 유리 지방산, IGF-I, IGFBP-3를 측정하였고, 심혈관 질환으로 진행할 수 있는 위험인자로 유용한지 알아보기 위해 본 연구를 실시하였다. 방 법 : 64명의 중등도 이상의 비만 청소년를 대상군으로 하였고, 같은 연령의 정상 청소년 20명을 대조군으로 하였다. 신장, 체중을 이용하여 비만도와 체질량지수를 산출하였고, 안정된 상태에서 수축기, 이완기 혈압을 측정하였다. 10시간 이상 금식 후 총 콜레스테롤, 중성지방, HDL 콜레스테롤, LDL 콜레스테롤, AST, ALT, 혈당, 인슐린, 유리지방산, IGF-I, IGFBP-3를 측정하였다. 결 과 : 인슐린은 비만군에서 $15.6{\pm}7.0{\mu}IU/mL$로 정상군보다 유의하게 높았고(P<0.01), 인슐린저항지수도 비만군에서 $64.6{\pm}31.6$으로 정상군보다 유의하게 높았다(P<0.01). IGF-I은 비만군에서 $498.1{\pm}122.2ng/mL$로 정상군보다 유의하게 높았고(P<0.05), IGFBP-3도 비만군에서 $3,777{\pm}4,721ng/mL$로 정상군보다 유의하게 높았다(P<0.05). 인슐린은 체질량지수(r=0.394), 비만도(r=0.304)와 양의 상관관계를 나타냈다. IGFBP-3는 비만도(r=0.419), 이완기 혈압(r=0.264), 체질량지수(r=0.247)와 양의 상관관계를 보였다. 인슐린저항지수는 체질량지수(r=0.595), 혈중 중성지방(r=0.515), 비만도(0.469)와 양의 상관관계를 나타냈다. 결 론 : 비만 청소년에서 혈중 인슐린, 인슐린저항지수, IGF-I, IGFBP-3가 증가하였다. 청소년 비만에서 이들 검사는 심혈관질환으로의 진행을 예측하는데 유용하리라 생각한다.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• 제52권9호
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• pp.984-990
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• 2009

목 적 : 부당경량아는 소아기 저신장의 주요한 이유 중의 하나이다. 유전적 요소는 부당경량아의 성장에 중요한 영향을 끼친다고 알려져 있다. 일반 소아와 유전적 요소사이의 관계에 대한 몇몇 보고가 있다. 하지만 부당경량아와 유전적 요소사이의 관계에 대한 보고는 많지 않다. 그래서 본 논문에서는 부당경량아의 성장과 부모중간키의 측정에 의한 유전적 요소 사이의 관계에 대해 연구하였다. 그리고 IGF-I, IGFBP-3 그리고 유전적 요소가 반영된 출생 후 성장과의 관계에 대해 연구하였다. 방 법 : 1989년부터 2002년까지 한림의대 강동성심병원에서 태어난 신생아로 출생체중이 10백분위수 미만인 부당 경량아 300명 중 추적 관찰이 가능했던 49명을 대상으로 하였다. 대상아의 부모중간키를 최종 평균값으로 하는 새로운 개인별 교정성장곡선을 구해 해당 연령의 표준편차를 적용하여 cHtSDS를 계산하였다. cHtSDS${\geq}0$ (n=35)인 1군, cHtSDS<0 (n=14)인 2군으로 나누고 두 군 간에 IGF-I과 IGFBP-3를 비교하였다. 결 과 : 1군과 2군의 HtSDS와 cHtSDS는 $0.28{\pm}1.05$, $-0.95{\pm}0.85$ (P=0.000), $0.78{\pm}0.93$, $-0.46{\pm}0.67$ (P=0.000)이었다. 또한 IGF-I SDS는 각각 $2.82{\pm}3.69$, $0.23{\pm}2.42$로 1군이 2군에 비하여 유의하게 더 높았다(P=0.012). 전체 cHtSDS ($0.42{\pm}1.03$)는 HtSDS ($-0.22{\pm}1.10$)보다 더 높았고(P=0.000), cHtSDS는 IGF-I SDS와 유의한 양의 상관관계를 가졌다(P=0.016). 결 론 : 본 연구 결과로 볼 때 cHtSDS는 HtSDS와 유의하게 차이가 났다. 현재의 일률적인 표준성장곡선에 의한 성장평가는 유전적 요소를 제대로 반영하지 못할 수 있다. 진정한 성장상태의 평가는 부모중간키 같은 유전적 요소를 반영한 개인별 교정성장곡선의 사용에 의해 가능할 것이다. 비록 cHtSDS를 계산하는 방법론상의 문제가 아직 있지만, cHtSDS는 부당경량아의 성장평가에 유용한 방법이 될 수 있다.

• 대한약침학회지
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• 제9권3호통권21호
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• pp.105-116
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• 2006

Objectives : To investigate the effect of Ga-mee-Gwui-ryong-tang herbal acupuncture(GR-HA) at GB39 and ST36 and the effect of Yuk-mee-ji-hwang-tang herbal acupuncture(YM-HA) at GB39 and KI10 on growth in mice. Methods : Mice were divided into 7 group(n=10) ; saline-ST36, saline-GB39 and KI10, GR-HA-ST36 group treated with GR-HA at right ST36, GR-HA-GB39 group treated with GR-HA at right GB39, YM-HA-GB39 group treated with YM-HA at right GB39, YM-HA-KI10 group treated with YM-HA at right KI10. Saline-ST36 group, saline-GB39 group and saline-KI10 group were injected with saline at right ST36, GB39, KI10 respectively. Saline injection and HA were performed 3 times a week for 18 days. The length(total height, body length and tail length), weight and the protein efficiency ratio were measured as well as IGF-1 level in serum. Results : 1. GR-HA at GB39 and GR-HA at ST36 promoted growth in weight, tail length and total height but there was no statistical significance. 2. GR-HA at GB39 significantly promoted protein efficiency on the 14th day and GR-HA at ST36 on the 3rd day. 3. GR-HA at GB39 significantly increased serum IGF-1. GR-HA at ST36 increased IGF-1 slightly but with no statistical significance. 4. YM-HA at GB39 and YM-HA at KI10 promoted growth in weight, height, tail length and total height but there was no statistical relevance. 5. YM-HA at GB39 and YM-HA at KI10 significantly promoted protein efficiency on the 14th day. 6. YM-HA at GB39 and YM-HA at KI10 significantly increased serum IGF-1. Serum IGF-1 level of YM-HA-KI10 group was significantly higher than that of YM-HA-GB39 group. 7. Serum IGF-1 level of GR-HA-GB39 group was significantly higher than that of YM-HA-GB39 group. Conclusions : GR-HA and YM-HA both may promote growth. This study suggests that herbal acupuncture at GB39 is more effective with Gwui-ryong-tang than Yuk-mee ji-hwang-tang to promote growth. It also suggests that Yuk-mee ji-hwang-tang herbal acupuncture is more effective at KI10 than at GB39.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제16권10호
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• pp.4215-4218
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• 2015

Gastric cancer (GC) is one of the most common malignancies in the world. It is the first cause of cancer deaths in both sexes In Iranian population. Circulating insulin-like growth factor-one (IGF-1) levels have been associated for gastric cancer. IGF-1 protein has central roles involved in the regulation of epithelial cell growth, proliferation, transformation, apoptosis and metastasis. Single nucleotide polymorphism in IGF-1 regulatory elements may lead to alter in IGF-1expression level and GC susceptibility. The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of IGF-1 gene polymorphism (rs5742612) on risk of GC and clinicopathological features for the first time in Iranian population. In total, 241 subjects including 100 patients with GC and 141 healthy controls were recruited in our study. Genotypes were analyzed using polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) assay with DNA from peripheral blood. The polymorphism was statistically analyzed to investigate the relationship with the risk of GC and clinicopathological properties. Logistic regression analysis revealed that there was no significant association between rs5742612 and the risk of GC. In addition, no significant association between genotypes and clinicopathological features was observed (p value>0.05). The frequencies of the CC, CT, and TT genotypes were 97%, 3%, and 0%, respectively, among the cases, and 97.9%, 2.1%, and 0%, respectively, among the controls. CC genotype was more frequent in cases and controls. The frequencies of C and T alleles were 98.9% and 1.1% in controls and 98.5% and 1.5% in patient respectively. Our results provide the first evidence that this variant is rare in Iranian population and it may not be a powerful genetic predisposing biomarker for prediction GC clinicopathological features in an Iranian population.

• 한국수산과학회지
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• 제45권5호
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• pp.423-429
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• 2012

This study evaluated the effects of adding sea mustard Undaria pinnatifida glycoprotein to the diet of juvenile olive flounder Paralichthys olivaceus on its growth, and levels of insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I), IGF binding proteins (IGFBPs), and interleukins. Three experimental diets (U0, U0.5, and U1.0) were formulated that contained different amounts of an extract of U. pinnatifida (0, 0.5, and 1.0%, respectively). Experimental groups were established in triplicate (30 fish/group) and fed for 12 weeks. The experimental group fed 1.0% added U. pinnatifida glycoprotein had the greatest rate of weight gain, which differed significantly from the other experimental groups. SDS-PAGE of the plasma IGF-I and muscle protein showed that the experimental groups taking U. pinnatifida glycoprotein had significantly more IGF-I and a ca. 200 kDa protein, as compared to the control group. In addition, the amount of IGFBP-3 at ca. 43 kDa increased in the group given the U. pinnatifida extract, as compared to the control group. The interluekin-2, -4, -6, and -12 levels paralleled the level of growth factor in the groups given the U. pinnatifida extract. In conclusion, supplementing the diet of olive flounder with U. pinnatifida glycroprotein improved its growth and immunity.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제22권8호
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• pp.1180-1185
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• 2009

Two experiments were carried out to study the effects of dietary energy level on nutrient digestion, nitrogen (N) utilization, growth performance, insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I), and insulin-like growth factor binding protein-3 (IGFBP-3) in plasma, liver and longissimus dorsi muscle in growing-finishing pigs. In experiment 1 (Exp 1), 15 castrated male pigs (Duroc${\times}$Landrace${\times}$Large White) (Body weight, BW, 55.6${\pm}$1.8 kg) were divided into three groups and fed rations containing 13.33, 14.87 and 17.35 MJ digestible energy (DE)/kg as treatments I, II and III, respectively, using soybean oil as an energy source. The experiment lasted 8 days and faecal and urinary samples were collected during the last 3 days. The results showed that the digestibility of dry matter (DM), energy and N was increased from treatments I to III (p<0.01). N-retention and N-retention rate were not influenced by dietary DE level (p>0.05). In experiment 2 (Exp 2), 36 female pigs (Duroc${\times}$Landrace${\times}$Large White) (BW 41.5${\pm}$3.8 kg) were divided into three groups. The pigs were fed with the same three rations used in Exp 1 for 60 days. At the end of Exp 2, eight pigs were selected from each group for blood sampling and 4 pigs for slaughter trial. The results indicated that average daily feed intake (ADFI) and N-intake were significantly decreased (p<0.01), and DE intake (p<0.01) and average daily gain (ADG) (p<0.05) were increased. IGF-I and IGFBP-3 in plasma were increased (p<0.05). No significant differences in IGF-I and IGFBP-3 in liver and longissimus dorsi muscle were found between different treatments. It was concluded that higher dietary DE level improved nutrient digestibility, ADG and feed/gain ratio when soybean oil was used as an energy source in the ration of growing-finishing pigs. No significant differences were found in Nretention and IGF-I and IGFBP-3 in liver and longissimus dorsi muscle between different treatments.

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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• 제26권4호
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• pp.799-821
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• 1996

The ultimate goal of periodontal treatment has been to facilitate regeneration of diseased periodontal tissues, destroyed by inflammatory periodontal disease. For regeneration of the periodontium to occur, all of component tissues must be restored to their original position and architecture. Growth factors which were known to promote the cellular processes, ie, proliferation, migration and matrix synthesis, have been in the spotlight of current periodontics. Platelet-derived growth factor(PDGF) stimulates collagen and non collagen protein synthesis, migration and proliferation of periodontal ligament cells. Insulin-like growth factor(IGF) has potentials to induce collagen and bone matrix synthesis so that it regulates normal bone remodeling. Application of the combination have been known to facilitate formation of bone and cementum, and to synergistically interact to promote coronal migration and proliferation of periodontal ligament cells. These two growth factors have been reported to exhibit positive effect in the periodontally diseased teeth or class m furcation defects. The aim of the present study was to test the hypothesis that PDGF-BB alone or the combination of PDGF-BB and IGF-I can predictably enhance regeneration of the periodontium in the dehiscence defect. Following the resection of premolars, roots were embedded. After 12 weeks of healing period, standardized experimental $4{\times}4mm$ dehiscence defects were created on the mid-facial of the premolar roots in each of 4 young adult dogs. In control group, only methylcellulose gel was inserted in the defects. In experimental group I and II, gel with $2{\mu}g$ of PDGF-BB or $2{\mu}g$ of PDGF-BB and $1{\mu}g$ of IGF-I was inserted in the defects, respectively. At 8 weeks postsurgery, the dogs were sacrificed. The results were observed histologically and analyzed histomorphometrically.The results of this study were as follws. 1. The new cementum formation was $1.26{\pm}0.69mm$ in the control group, $1.80{\pm}0.84mm$ in the experimental group I, $1.93{\pm}0.51mm$ in the experimental group II. The experimental group III, the experimental group I, the control group were in the order of cementum formation without statistically significant differences between control and all experimental groups. 2. The new bone formation was $1.00{\pm}0.53mm$ in the control group, $1.53{\pm}0.63mm$ in the experimental group I, $l.33{\pm}0.45mm$ in the experimental group II. The experimental group I, the experimental group II, the control group were in the order of bone formation without statistically significant differences between control and all experimental groups. 3. The root resorption was $1.12{\pm}0.64mm$ in the control group, $1.34{\pm}0.73mm$ in the experimental group I, $0.79{\pm}0.59mm$ in the experimental group II without statistically significant differences between control and all experimental groups. These results suggested that the use of PDGF-BB alone or PDGF-BB and IGF-I in the dehiscence defects might facilitate periodontal regeneration in some degree, but has not shown statistically significant results.