• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.42 no.6
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• pp.856-860
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• 2013

The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of administration methods for on Garcinia cambogia on blood Garcinia cambogia concentration and antioxidative levels. Rats were divided into three groups: G1 (normal group), G2 (one administration of Garcinia cambogia extract 2,800 mg/kg b.w.), G3 (three separate administrations every 6 h of Garcinia cambogia extract 750, 850, and 1,200 mg/kg b.w. for 18 h). Blood samples were collected every hour, and animals sacrificed 18 h after the oral administration of Garcinia cambogia extract. We examined changes in the serum concentration of Garcinia cambogia by HPLC analysis. Two hours following an oral administration of Garcinia cambogia extract (2,800 mg/kg b.w.), serum Garcinia cambogia levels reached their maximum, but gradually decreased until 10 hours when it was no longer detectable. In contrast, serum Garcinia cambogia levels under G3 administration were maintained above a certain level after 18 h. To determine whether this level of Garcinia cambogia could affect blood oxidative levels, we measured serum lipid peroxidation by TBARS levels. TBARS levels from G3 treatment were significantly lower than G1 and G2. To analyze other antioxidative activities, radical scavenging activities were measured by the DPPH and ABTS radical scavenging assays. There were no significant differences between the groups in DPPH radical scavenging activity. However, ABTS radical scavenging activity significantly increased with G3 treatment compared with G1 and G2. In conclusion, our data show that three times administration of Garcinia cambogia every 6 h may helpful for maintaining serum Garcinia cambogia levels and antioxidative effects.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.651-658
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• 2010

Garcinia is commonly found in Malaysia, but limited information is available regarding endophytic fungi associated with this plant. In this study, 24 endophytic fungi were successfully recovered from different parts of two Garcinia species. Characterization of endophytic fungi was performed based on the conserved internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region sequence analysis and the antimicrobial properties. Results revealed that fruits of the plant appeared to be the highest inhabitation site (38%) as compared with others. Glomerella sp., Guignardia sp., and Phomopsis sp. appeared to be the predominant endophytic fungi group in Garcinia mangostana and Garcinia parvifolia. Phylogenetic relationships of the isolated endophytic fungi were estimated from the sequences of the ITS region. On the other hand, antibacterial screening showed 11 of the isolates possessed positive response towards pathogenic and nonpathogenic bacteria. However, there was no direct association between certain antibacterial properties with the specific genus observed.

• Proceedings of the Plant Resources Society of Korea Conference
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• 2022.09a
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• pp.96-96
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• 2022

Dillenia turbinata Finet & Gagnep. has been known to be used for couch cold, Clerodendrum japonicum (Thunb.) Sweet for pimple, Garcinia tinctoria (DC.) Dunn for oedema. and Garcinia cowa Roxb. for detoxification for a long time. To determine whether these plants have anti-inflammatory effects, we performed nitric oxide (NO) assay. Raw264.7 cells were stimulated with LPS and treated with methanol extracts of these plants. Garcinia cowa Roxb. did not relatively show anti-inflammatory effect, compared to Redcharm extract control as previously used. However, Dillenia, Clerodendrum and Garcinia tinctoria demonstrated significantly higher anti-inflammatory effects in NO assay. We then tested whether these extracts have cytotoxic effect with MTT assay in Raw264.7 cells. Dillenia, Clerodendrum, Garcinia tinctoria and Garcinia cowa Roxb. showed almost similar cell survival rate. This implies that all these plants have almost no significant cytotoxic effects. Taken together, these results suggest that Dillenia, Clerodendrum, and Garcinia tinctoria, but not Garcinia cowa Roxb. are a good anti-inflammatory agent to be developed for medical applications.

• Natural Product Sciences
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• v.28 no.1
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• pp.13-17
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• 2022

Garcinia parvifolia Miq., belongs to Garcinia genus and Clusiaceae family, is one of the well-known species from Garcinia genus which widely found in tropical and subtropical countries, and has been reported to contain natural bioactive compounds. A novel depsidone, parvidepsidone (2), was isolated from the barks of G. parvifolia along with two known compounds: stigmasterol (1) and rubraxhantone (3). Based on information of LC-MS, 1D and 2D NMR spectra, the structure of parvidepsidone (2) was fully assigned.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.31 no.11
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• pp.3418-3420
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• 2010

• Natural Product Sciences
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• v.11 no.4
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• pp.220-224
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• 2005

Extensive chemical studies on the stem bark extracts of two Guttifereous plants namely Mesua daphnifolia and Garcinia nitida have led to the isolation of eight xanthones. Mesua daphnifolia gave cudraxanthone G (1), ananixanthone (2), 1,3,5-trihydroxy-4-methoxyxanthone (3) and euxanthone (4) while Garcinia nitida gave inophyllin B (5), 1,3,7-trihydroxy-2,4-bis (3-methylbut-2-enyl)xanthone (6), 3-isomangostin (7) and rubraxanthone (8). All these compounds were assayed against the MDA-MB-231 (human estrogen receptor negative breast cancer) cells. A structure-activity relationship study showed that structurally, all the 1, 3-oxygenated xanthones which carried unsaturated prenyl side chains (either 3-methylbut-2-enyl or 1,1-dimethyl-2-propenyl) at carbones C-2 and C-4 in the xanthone ring A are essential for the outstanding activities in the assay.

• International Journal of Oral Biology
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• v.46 no.1
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• pp.45-50
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• 2021

This study evaluated the antimicrobial activity of Endoseal TCS, an mineral trioxide aggregate-based root canal sealer, mixed with water-soluble mangostin derivatives (WsMD) of Garcinia mangostana L. (mangosteen) ethanol extract against Enterococcus faecalis and Staphylococcus aureus. The antibacterial activity of Endoseal TCS mixed with WsMD against three strains of E. faecalis and three strains of S. aureus was performed using agar diffusion test. The data showed that Endoseal TCS mixed with 0.115% WsMD had a zone of inhibition of 0.7 ± 0.2-2.4 ± 0.1 mm. The results suggest that Endoseal TCS mixed with WsMD of Garcinia mangostana L. ethanol extract is useful as a root canal sealer with antibacterial activity against E. faecalis and S. aureus.

• Journal of Mushroom
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• v.4 no.3
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• pp.122-127
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• 2006

This study was carried out to investigate the mycelial growth and density of A. auricula treated four kinds of substances L-citrulline, L-carnitine, Senna, Garcinia cambogia made from 10, 100, 500, 1000, 1500, 2000 times solutions respectively. Senna all treatments made from 10, 100, 500, 1000, 1500, 2000 times solutions are available for mycelial growth and density than control. Senna treatment made from 100 times solution of them is the best. L-citrulline treatment made from 500 times solution grew more much 7.86mm for 15 days than control, also it was optimal. L-carnitine treatment made from 100 times solution grew more much 3.4mm for 15 days than control, also it was optimal. Garcinia cambogia all treatments made from 10, 100, 500, 1000, 1500, 2000 times solutions were not available for mycelial growth and density than control. But Garcinia cambogia treatment made from 1000 times solution of them was similar to control. Accordingly, these solutions like that were effective to mycelial growth and density than control.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.34 no.6
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• pp.776-783
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• 2005

To develop functional kimchi which had anti-obesity effect, garcinia cambogia extract containing $51.46\%$ hydroxy citric acid (HCA) was used as a sub-ingredient of American preferred kimchi (APK). The APK added to garcinia cambogia extracts of 0.5$\%,\;1.0\%,\;1.5\%\;and\;2.0\%$ were prepared, and fermentation characteristics and anti-obesity effect of those kimchi were investigated. The pH of APK added to garcinia cambogia extracts (APKH) was low as the amount of garcinia cambogia extract increased at initial stage of fermentation but the pH of those kimchi showed similar values after optimum ripened stage. The number of Lactobacillus sp. and Leuconostoc sp. were small as the amount of garcinia cambogia extract increased while the period was delayed that the number of Lactobacillus sp. and Leuconostoc sp. attained to maximum. In Hunter's color values of APKH, lightness and redness decreased as the amount of garcinia cambogia extracts increased while yellowness increased. Sensory scores in overall acceptance, taste and texture of APKH evaluated by Americans as sensory panels were similar until the addition amount of garcinia cambogia extract was $1.5\%$, therefore the garcinia cambogia extract of $1.5\%$ was determined as tile amount adding to APK. The secretions of glycerol and leptin as a key signalling factor for anti-obesity effect were examined in APK and APKH added to garcinia cambogia extract of $1.5\%$. There were no significant differences in the glycerol secretion when adipocytes were treated with APK and APKH extracts. However, leptin secretion in the adipocytes treated with APKH extract was significantly decreased compared to that of control (p<0.05).

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.33 no.3
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• pp.518-522
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• 2004

In this study we examined effects of a new dietary supplement on the lipid level and body weight. The efficacy of this weight-reduction supplement, based on natural ingredients consisting of Phaseolus vulgaris, Garcinia cambogia, and microstalline cellulose, was investigated by randomized, placebo-controlled double-blind study. The 36 subjects were assigned evenly into weight-reduction supplemented (Active) and placebo groups (Placebo). The supplement could reduce the absorption of different types of sugar from the gastro-intestinal tract. A significant difference in weight reduction was shown in the active group (3.5 kg). Body composition measurements indicated that about 34% of fat loss in the active group could be achieved. These findings suggest that this dietary supplement could reduce body weight and fat gains, and its inhibitory effects might lead to obesity improvement.