Browse > Article
http://dx.doi.org/10.3746/jkfn.2005.34.6.776

Anti-Obesity Effect and Fermentation Characteristics of American Preferred Kimchi Added to Garcinia Cambogia Extracts (Hydroxy Citric Acid)  

Yang, Yu-Jin (Dept. of Food Science and Nutrition and Kimchi Research Institute, Pusan National University)
Ahn, In-Sook (Dept. of Food Science and Nutrition and Kimchi Research Institute, Pusan National University)
Han, Ji-Sook (Dept. of Food Science and Nutrition and Kimchi Research Institute, Pusan National University)
Publication Information
Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition / v.34, no.6, 2005 , pp. 776-783 More about this Journal
Abstract
To develop functional kimchi which had anti-obesity effect, garcinia cambogia extract containing $51.46\%$ hydroxy citric acid (HCA) was used as a sub-ingredient of American preferred kimchi (APK). The APK added to garcinia cambogia extracts of 0.5$\%,\;1.0\%,\;1.5\%\;and\;2.0\%$ were prepared, and fermentation characteristics and anti-obesity effect of those kimchi were investigated. The pH of APK added to garcinia cambogia extracts (APKH) was low as the amount of garcinia cambogia extract increased at initial stage of fermentation but the pH of those kimchi showed similar values after optimum ripened stage. The number of Lactobacillus sp. and Leuconostoc sp. were small as the amount of garcinia cambogia extract increased while the period was delayed that the number of Lactobacillus sp. and Leuconostoc sp. attained to maximum. In Hunter's color values of APKH, lightness and redness decreased as the amount of garcinia cambogia extracts increased while yellowness increased. Sensory scores in overall acceptance, taste and texture of APKH evaluated by Americans as sensory panels were similar until the addition amount of garcinia cambogia extract was $1.5\%$, therefore the garcinia cambogia extract of $1.5\%$ was determined as tile amount adding to APK. The secretions of glycerol and leptin as a key signalling factor for anti-obesity effect were examined in APK and APKH added to garcinia cambogia extract of $1.5\%$. There were no significant differences in the glycerol secretion when adipocytes were treated with APK and APKH extracts. However, leptin secretion in the adipocytes treated with APKH extract was significantly decreased compared to that of control (p<0.05).
Keywords
American preferred kimchi; garcinia cambogia; HCA; anti-obesity;
Citations & Related Records
Times Cited By KSCI : 2  (Citation Analysis)
연도 인용수 순위
1 US Dept. of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service. 2001. The surgeon generals call to action to prevent and decrease overweight and obesity. Office of the Surgeon General, Rockville, MD, USA
2 Han JS, Suh BS, Kim SY, Kim YJ. 2000. A study on American university students' perception and preference for Korean kimchi. J Korean Home Economics Associ 38: 167-177
3 Yang YJ, Han JS. 2005. Effect of the beet addition on the quality of American preferred kimchi during fermentation. J Korean Soc Food Sci Nutr 34: 538-543   DOI   ScienceOn
4 Kim KO, Kim SS, Sung RK, Lee YC. 1989. Method and adaptation of sensory test. Shinkwang Publishing Corp, Seoul. p 96-219
5 Frost SC, Lane MD. 1985. Evidence for the involvement of vicinal sulfhydryl groups in insulin-activated hexose transport by 3T3-Ll adipocytes, J Biol Chem 20: 2646-2652
6 Do MS, Hong SE, Ha JH, Choi SM, Ahn IS, Yoon JY, Park KY. 2004. Increased lipolytic activity by high-pungency red pepper extract in rat adipocytes. J Food Sci Nutr 9: 34-38   DOI   ScienceOn
7 Sambaiah K, Satyanarayana MN. 1982. Influence of red pepper and capsaicin on body composition and lipogenesis in rats. J Biosci 4: 425-430   DOI
8 Cheigh HS, Park KY. 1994. Biochemical, microbiological and nutritional aspects of kimchi. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 34: 175-203   DOI   ScienceOn
9 Yoon JY. 2005. Studies on enhancement of antiobesitic effects of baechu kimchi and back kimchi. MS Thesis. Pusan National University, Busan
10 Gordon DT. 1989. Functional properties vs physiological action of total dietary fiber. Cereal Foods World 34: 517-521
11 Suzuki H, Motohashi S. 1996. Nutrition of kimchi and the organoleptical characteristics and marketability in Japan. Food Industry and Nutrition 1: 11-14
12 Soloman CG, Manson JE. 1997. Obesity and mortality: a review of the epidemiologic data. Am J Clin Nutr 66: 1044S-1050S   DOI
13 Posner BM, Franz MM, Quatromoni PA, Gagnon DR, Quatromoni PA, Gagnon DR, Sytkowski PA, Gostino DA, Cupples LA. 1995. Secular trends in diet and risk factors for cardiovascular disease. Am J Dietetic Assoc 95: 171-179   DOI   ScienceOn
14 Sullivan AC, Triscari J, Hamilton JG. 1974. Effect of (-)-hydroxy citrate upon the accumulation of lipid in the rat. I. Lipogenesis. Lipids 9: 121-128   DOI   ScienceOn
15 Lewis YS, Neelakantan S. 1965. Hydroxy citric acid: The principal acid in the fruits of garcinia cambogia. Phytochem 4: 619-625   DOI   ScienceOn
16 Kohsuke H, Yuri I, Izuru K. 2003. Effect of garcinia cambogia (hydroxy citric acid) on visceral fat accumulation: A double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial. Current Therapeutic Research 64: 551-567   DOI   ScienceOn
17 Sullivan AC, Singh M, Srere PA, Glusker JP. 1977. Reactivity and inhibitor potential of hydroxy citrate isomers with citrate synthase, citrate lyase and ATP citrate lyase. J Biol Chem 252: 7583-7590
18 Sullivan AC, Triscari J, Hamilton JG, Miller ON. 1974. Effect of (-)-hydroxy citrate upon the accumulation of lipid in the rat. II. Appetite. Lipids 9: 129- 134   DOI   ScienceOn
19 Sullivan AC, Triscan J. 1977. Metabolic regulation as a control for lipid disorders. I. Influence of (-)-hydroxy citrate on experimentally induced obesity in the rodent. Am J Clin Nutr 30: 767-776   DOI
20 Shin HS. 1983. Theory and investigation of food analysis. Shinkwang Publishing Corp, Seoul. p 166-250
21 James GC, Sherman N. 1987. Microbiology: A laboratory manual. 2nd ed. Benjamin/Cummings Pub, New York. p 76
22 Yang YJ. 2004. A study on development of American preference kimchi with diet functionality. MS Thesis. Pusan National University, Busan. p 10
23 Park SK, Cho YS, Park JR, Moon JS, Lee YS. 1995. Changes in the contents of sugar, organic acid, free amino acid and nucleic acid related compounds during fermentation of mustard leaf kimchi. J Korean Soc Food Nutr 24: 48-53
24 Kang KH, Michael WP. 2001. Trans-10, cis-12-conjugated linoleic acid reduces leptin secretion from 3T3-Ll adipocytes. Biochem Biophysic Research Communication 287: 377-382   DOI   ScienceOn
25 SAS. 1992. User's guide: Statistics. SAS Institute, Inc. Cary, NC, USA
26 Ku KH, Kang KO, Kim WJ. 1988. Some quality changes during fermentation of Kimchi. Korean J Food Sci Technol 20: 476-482
27 Cheigh HS. 2004. Kimchi: fermentation and food science. Hyoil Publishing Co, Seoul. p 199
28 Kim MK, Ha KH, Kim MJ, Kim SD. 1994. Change in color of kimchi during fermentation. J Korean Soc Food Nutr 23: 274-278
29 Kim WJ, Ku KH, Cho HO. 1988. Changes in some physical properties of kimchi during salting and fermentation. Korean J Food Sci Technol 20: 483-487
30 Caro JF, Sinha MK, Kolaczynski JW, Zhang P, Considine RV. 1996. Leptin: The tale of an obesity gene. Diabetes 45: 1455-1462   DOI
31 Considine RV, Sinha MK, Heiman ML, Kriau-ciunas A, Stephens TW, Nyce MR, Ohannesian JP, Marco CC, McKee LJ, Caro JF. 1996. Serum immunoreactive-leptin concentrations in normal weight and obese humans. N Engl J Med 334: 292-295   DOI   ScienceOn
32 Kim SD. 1985. Effect of pH adjuster on the fermentation of kimchi. J Korean Soc Food Nutr 14: 259-264