• 한국과학교육학회지
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• 제25권1호
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• pp.57-77
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• 2005

This review is aimed at the understanding of learning in field-trips relating to education in outdoor activities. The review specifically concerns what studies have been undertaken by seeking evidence from research published between 1950 and 2004. The review indicates three common arguments on learning during field-trips. First, the learning in an informal learning environment based on first-hand experiences is most significant when it has meaning for the learner from field-trips. Second, learning aims and strategies in field-trips have evolved along with world-wide concerns towards the environment. Third, the experiences from field-trips can impact significantly on students' cognitive and affective learning. However, the research of field-trip experiences from outdoor activities has focused on learning outcomes far more than on the learning characteristics which facilitate students' learning. Therefore, further study is required, which can provide clear evidence on how such learning characteristics through field-trips can help studentsto successfully attain educational goals.

• 현장농수산연구지
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• 제3권1호
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• pp.3-19
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• 2001

This study was carried out to prepare some devices for the development the field professor's roll of the Korea National Agricultural College(KNAC). In this study, we had visited and interviewed twenty-four KNAC's field professors. Through this our experience of study, we could suggest several development devices of the roles of KNAC's field professor, so the results of this study as follows : (1) Main roles of the field professors could be classified into 4 categories, with these desirable aspects could be deducted. (2) Selecting the good field professors is an important work, so that we prepared a comprehensive checking list to be used to select the desirable field professor. (3) In order to enhance the selected field professor's roles and activities, workshop for the professors, orientation training for the students and various supporting activities should be well organized with recognizing those as the important factors.

• 한국초등과학교육학회지:초등과학교육
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• 제37권4호
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• pp.391-401
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• 2018

This study investigated elementary students' perception of the suitability of inquiry activities related to the science inquiry, essential features of the inquiry and essential features of the inquiry by science inquiry activities. First, 5-6th grade elementary students' perception of the suitability of inquiry activities to the science inquiry was positive in this study and especially the score of experiment and field trip was high. The lowest score was on the discussion and elementary students thought that discussion might be wrong, because they just talked when they participated in the discussion. Second, perception of the essential features of science inquiry was positive. Especially, engaging students in evaluating their explanations in the light of alternative explanations was the highest. Students thought that explanation is important, but it is too hard to perform the science inquiry with only the explanation. Third, the score of research and experiment was high in essential features of science inquiry by science inquiry activities. The score of the field trip was low, so a more meaningful field trip should be carried out in the school.

• 한국정보교육학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국정보교육학회 2011년도 동계학술대회
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• pp.139-146
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• 2011

본 연구는 스마트 기기를 바탕으로 한 학습 환경에서 창의적 체험활동 운영에 필요한 콘텐츠 개발 방법의 새로운 접근 방법을 제시한다. 창의적 체험활동은 학습 공간을 교실이 아닌 사회로 확장하였다는 점에서 매우 의미가 있다. 학생들은 언제 어디서나 창의적체험자원지도(CRM)을 바탕으로 스마트폰을 이용하여 풍부한 콘텐츠를 접할 수 있게 될 것이다. 이를 위해서는 교육과정과 연계된 다양한 콘텐츠가 필요하다. 이러한 콘텐츠 개발을 위하여 학교와 지역사회의 협력이 중요하며 스마트폰을 기반으로 한 u-러닝 콘텐츠 개발을 위한 지역 중심의 개발 역량을 제고할 필요가 있다.

• 한국물환경학회지
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• 제22권2호
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• pp.258-263
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• 2006

ANAMMOX (Anaerobic ammonium oxidation) reactor, which was cultivated ANAMMOX bacteria in mesophilic condition ($35^{\circ}C$), was operated to investigate the effects of temperature. In $20{\sim}30^{\circ}C$ of operation condition, which was assumed as field-temperature, total N removal and $NH_4-N$ removal rate were declined from about 2.50 and $1.27kg\;N/{m^3}_{reactor}-day$ (0.06 and 0.03 kg N/kgVSS/day) to 1.62 and $0.41kg\;N/{m^3}_{reactor}-day$ (0.04 and 0.01 kg N/kgVSS/day), In this range of temperature, ANAMMOX had very low activities but acid fermentation bacteria and denitrifiers, which were competitors of substrates, had high activities relatively. Though operation temperature was higher than inhibition condition for two months, ANAMMOX activities could not been recovered once they were inhibited by low temperature. This fact was resulted from very slow doubling time of ANAMMOX bacteria. This study shows that maintenance device of optimal temperature is necessary required in field application of ANAMMOX.

• 한국초등과학교육학회지:초등과학교육
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• 제38권2호
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• pp.163-172
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• 2019

This study explored elementary teachers' perceptions on the essential features of science inquiry, the appropriateness of inquiry activities to science inquiry, and the essential features of inquiry by inquiry activities. 85 elementary teachers' perceptions were investigated using Likert scale survey, and 7 teachers were interviewed. The results are as follows. First, the features that elementary teachers perceived the most essential were 'Engaging students in evaluating their explanations in light of alternative explanations' and 'Engaging students in communicating and justifying their explanations'. Second, The inquiry activities that teachers thought the most appropriate to science inquiry were 'experiment' and 'project'. On the other hand, the perceptions on 'discussion' and 'field trip' were relatively low. Third, the inquiry activity that showed the highest mean score of five essential features of inquiry was 'experiment' while the mean score of 'field trip' was the lowest. Educational implications about the science inquiry were discussed.

• 대한전기학회논문지:전기물성ㆍ응용부문C
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• 제53권2호
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• pp.97-102
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• 2004

The objective of this survey is to characterize personal magnetic field exposure of the general population in Korea. Participants for the survey on magnetic field exposure were selected randomly in some occupations. Those wore the magnetic field meter for about 25∼28 hours and the measured data were stored in the meter. In this first step survey, the number of participant is 244 and for the second step, about 400 participants will be surveyed in the near future. The statistics of the 24-hour exposure data are the major concern of this survey. However the survey provided the opportunity to analyze exposures corresponding to different types of activities. It was analyzed by separating periods of time corresponding to the following activities: entire 24-hour period, in bed, at work and by occupation. Therefore the database will be able to be established to analyze the status of personal magnetic field exposure and safety.

• 한국지구과학회지
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• 제21권1호
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• pp.13-21
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• 2000

야외 학습의 많은 이점에도 불구하고, 중 고등학교에서는 야외 지질 활동이 잘 이루어지지 않고 있다. 최근에 지질 답사 지역이 많이 개발되고 있으나, 대부분 지질학적 층서에 관한 서술적 설명으로 기재되어 있어 중 고등학생들에게 적합하지 않다. 따라서 전문적인 내용보다는 지구과학 교사가 손쉽게 학생들을 데리고 야외로 나갈 수 있는 야외 학습 프로그램이 필요한 실정이다. 본 연구는 중 고등학생을 위한 야외 지질 학습장을 개발하고 이를 효과적으로 수행할 수 있는 교수 학습 전략을 제시하여 일선 지구과학 교사들에게 도움을 주고자 한다.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제20권7호
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• pp.1101-1106
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• 2010

Pulsed electric field (PEF) of 1Hz, 1.5 kV, and 1ms increased the activities of catalase and inulinase over the whole range of applied Se concentrations compared with the non-treated cultures. A significant effect of selenium concentration (in the range of 5-14 ${\mu}g/ml$) on both intra- and extracellular enzyme activities was noted. At a Se concentration of 10 ${\mu}g/ml$, the activities of intra- and extracellular inulinases and extracellular catalase in the PEF-treated cultures reached the maximum of 71 U/g d.m., 46 U/g d.m., and approx. 8 U/ml, respectively. The maximum activity of intracellular catalase of approx. 6 U/ml (with and without PEF) was recorded at 5 ${\mu}g$ Se/ml. Further increasing of selenium concentration caused a decrease in the activity of the enzymes.

• 대한안전경영과학회지
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• 제12권3호
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• pp.223-230
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• 2010

Recently Korean enterprises that branch out into China have been continuously increased to achieve diverse objectives such as personnel expenses reduction, market share extension on China and globalization strategy implementation. We have studied about competitiveness reinforcement of enterprises that branch out into China in terms of TPM(Total Production Management). In this paper, we extended the concept of traditional TPM(Total Productive Maintenance) to TPM(Total Production Management) that covers extensively the concept of total management innovation activities. We explored detailed activities of TPM and voluntarily participative field research circle. Also, We suggested some prerequisite conditions for TPM settlement that might be recommended for the foreign companies in China and checked Key Performance Indicator(KPI) that could be useful to confirm how TPM contributed to enterprise competitiveness reinforcement.