• 디지털콘텐츠학회 논문지
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• 제19권9호
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• pp.1811-1817
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• 2018

증강현실기술에 기반하여, 구강방사선촬영 실습에 활용할 수 있는 새로운 임상시뮬레이터를 개발하였고, 이에 대한 효과를 검증하였다. 이 시뮬레이터를 사용한 실험집단과 기존의 텍스트 형식 교재를 사용한 통제집단으로 구분하여, 국내 치위생학과 학생 217명에 대해 설문조사 및 통계분석을 시행하였다. 증강현실형 시뮬레이터를 사용한 실험집단에서 자아효능감, 학습흥미도, 학습몰입도, 실습만족도가 높게 나타났다. 이를 통해, 증강현실형 치과방사선촬영 시뮬레이터가 구강방사선촬영 실습에 효과적인 학습매체로 활용할 수 있으며, 학습자의 임상실무역량 강화에 도움을 줄 수 있을 것으로 기대한다.

• Imaging Science in Dentistry
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• 제44권2호
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• pp.115-119
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• 2014

Purpose: The aim of this in vitro study was to determine the sensitivity and specificity of cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) and digital periapical radiography in the detection of mesial root perforations of mandibular molars. Materials and Methods: In this in vitro study, 48 mandibular molars were divided into 4 groups. First, the mesial canals of all the 48 teeth were endodontically prepared. In 2 groups (24 teeth each), the roots were axially perforated in the mesiolingual canal 1-3 mm below the furcation region, penetrating the root surface ("root perforation"). Then, in one of these 2 groups, the mesial canals were filled with gutta-percha and AH26 sealer. Mesial canals in one of the other 2 groups without perforation (control groups) were filled with the same materials. The CBCT and periapical radiographs with 3 different angulations were evaluated by 2 oral and maxillofacial radiologists. The specificity and sensitivity of the two methods were calculated, and P<0.05 was considered significant. Results: The sensitivity and specificity of CBCT scans in the detection of obturated root canal perforations were 79% and 96%, respectively, and in the case of three-angled periapical radiographs, they were 92% and 100%, respectively. In non-obturated root canals, the sensitivity and specificity of CBCT scans in perforation detection were 92% and 100%, respectively, and for three-angled periapical radiographs, they were 50% and 96%, respectively. Conclusion: For perforation detection in filled-root canals, periapical radiography with three different horizontal angulations would be trustworthy, but it is recommended that CBCT be used for perforation detection before obturating root canals.

• Imaging Science in Dentistry
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• 제41권1호
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• pp.7-10
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• 2011

Purpose : The purpose of this study was to compare the conventional and digital radiography in the estimation of working length in mandibular molars. Materials and Methods : Sixty molar teeth were selected and divided into three groups in the basis of canal curves (0-$15^{\circ}$, 15-$30^{\circ}$, > $30^{\circ}$). After the placement of a 15 K-file, radiographs were taken with a conventional film (Fspeed) and a digital sensor. Canal lengths were measured in these images by two observers. Statistical analysis was performed with repeated measures of ANOVA and paired sample t-test with 95% confidence. Results : There was a high inter-observer agreement on the measurements of working length in conventional and digital radiographs. There was no significant difference between the mean values of measurements in conventional and digital radiography. Moreover, there was no significant difference between conventional and digital radiography with the actual values in the basis of canal curves. Conclusion : The accuracy of conventional and digital radiography in the determination of the working length was in an acceptable range.

• 대한치과보존학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한치과보존학회 2001년도 추계학술대회(제116회) 및 13회 Workshop 제3회 한ㆍ일 치과보존학회 공동학술대회 초록집
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• pp.592.1-592
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• 2001

Conventional intraoral radiography continues to be the most widely used for the diagnosis of dental caries. But conventional intraoral film has several shortcomings, including processing error, increased radiation dose, etc. Recently, various digital radiographs substitude for conventional radiography to overcome these disadvantages. The digital radiographies are numerous advantages, including elimination of processing errors, lower radiation dose, image quality enhancements such as contrast and density modulation.(omitted)

• Imaging Science in Dentistry
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• 제46권4호
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• pp.239-244
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• 2016

Purpose: The aim of this study was to investigate the use and acceptance of digital radiographic examinations by Brazilian dental practitioners in daily practice and to evaluate the advances that have occurred over the past 5 years. Materials and Methods: Dental practitioners enrolled in extension courses at the Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas, Brazil, responded to a self­administered questionnaire in the years 2011 and 2015. They were asked about sociodemographic factors and their knowledge and use of digital radiographic examinations. Descriptive analysis was performed, as well as the chi-square and Fisher exact tests, with a significance level of 5% (${\alpha}=0.05$). results: A total of 181 participants responded to the questionnaire in the years 2011 and 2015. Most of the respondents worked in private practice, had graduated within the last 5 years, and were between 20 and 30 years old. In 2011, 55.6% of respondents reported having ever used digital radiographic examinations, while in 2015 this number increased significantly to 85.4% (p<.0001), out of which 71.4% preferred it to conventional images. Moreover, 21.4% of respondents reported having used digital radiographic examinations for more than 3 years. A significant increase in use of intraoral digital radiography (p = 0.0316) was observed in 2015. In both years, image quality and high cost were indicated, respectively, as the main advantage and disadvantage of digital radiographic examinations. conclusion: This study showed that digital radiology has become more common in Brazil over the past 5 years. Most of the Brazilian dental practitioners evaluated in 2015 used digital radiographic examinations.

• Imaging Science in Dentistry
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• 제42권4호
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• pp.237-242
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• 2012

Purpose: The objectives of this study were to survey the radiographic exposure parameters, to measure the patient doses for intraoral dental radiography nationwide, and thus to establish the diagnostic reference levels (DRLs) in intraoral dental X-ray examination in Korea. Materials and Methods: One hundred two intraoral dental radiographic machines from all regions of South Korea were selected for this study. Radiographic exposure parameters, size of hospital, type of image receptor system, installation duration of machine, and type of dental X-ray machine were documented. Patient entrance doses (PED) and dose-area products (DAP) were measured three times at the end of the exit cone of the X-ray unit with a DAP meter (DIAMENTOR M4-KDK, PTW, Freiburg, Germany) for adult mandibular molar intraoral dental radiography, and corrections were made for room temperature and pressure. Measured PED and DAP were averaged and compared according to the size of hospital, type of image receptor system, installation duration, and type of dental X-ray machine. Results: The mean exposure parameters were 62.6 kVp, 7.9 mA, and 0.5 second for adult mandibular molar intraoral dental radiography. The mean patient dose was 2.11 mGy (PED) and 59.4 $mGycm^2$ (DAP) and the third quartile one 3.07 mGy (PED) and 87.4 $mGycm^2$ (DAP). Doses at university dental hospitals were lower than those at dental clinics (p<0.05). Doses of digital radiography (DR) type were lower than those of film-based type (p<0.05). Conclusion: We recommend 3.1 mGy (PED), 87.4 $mGycm^2$ (DAP) as the DRLs in adult mandibular molar intraoral dental radiography in Korea.

• Imaging Science in Dentistry
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• 제48권3호
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• pp.167-176
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• 2018

Purpose: In the age of X-ray computed tomography (CT) and digital volume tomography (DVT), with their outstanding post-processing capabilities, indications for planar radiography for the study of the dentition of ancient Egyptian mummies may easily be overlooked. In this article, the advantages and limitations of different approaches and projections are discussed for planar oral and maxillofacial radiography using portable digital X-ray equipment during archaeological excavations. Furthermore, recommendations are provided regarding projections and sample positioning in this context. Materials and Methods: A total of 55 specimens, including 19 skeletonized mandibles, 14 skeletonized skulls, 18 separate mummified heads, and 4 partially preserved mummies were imaged using portable digital X-ray equipment in the course of archaeological excavations led by the University of Basel in the Valley of the Kings between 2009 and 2012. Images were evaluated by 2 authors with regard to the visibility of diagnostically relevant dental structures using a 4-point grading system(Likert scale). Results: Overall, the visibility of diagnostically relevant dental structures was rated highest by both authors on X-ray images acquired using a dental detector. The tube-shift technique in the lateral projections of mandibular dentition achieved the second-best rating, and lateral projections achieved the third-best rating. Conclusion: Conventional planar digital X-ray imaging, due to its ubiquity, remains an excellent method-and often the only practicable one-for examining the skulls and teeth of ancient Egyptian mummies under field conditions. Radiographic images of excellent diagnostic quality can be obtained, if an appropriate methodology regarding the selected projections and sample placement is followed.

• 대한치과보철학회지
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• 제50권3호
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• pp.184-190
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• 2012

연구 목적: 이 연구는 상악 전치부와 하악 구치부 치근단 방사선촬영시 이동형 구내방사선촬영기와 벽걸이 구내방사선촬영기로 촬영한 경우에서 환자의 방사선량을 알아보고자 하였다. 연구 재료 및 방법: 방사선량 측정은 선량 측정용 두경부 마네킨의 23부위에 열형광선량계 소자를 위치시키고 해당 치근단 방사선촬영을 하였다. 열형광선량계 판독기로 흡수선량을 구하였고 방사선 조사된 조직의 비율을 곱하여 방사선 가중선량을 구하였다. 국제방사선방호위원회에서 2007년에 공지한 조직 가중계수를 이용하여 각 방사선촬영의 유효선량을 구하였다. 결과: 환자의 흡수선량은 이동형 구내방사선촬영기로 촬영한 상악 전치부와 이동형 및 벽걸이 구내방사선촬영기로 촬영한 하악 구치부 치근단방사선촬영의 경우 하악체에서 가장 높았다. 유효선량은 상악 전치부 치근단 방사선촬영에서는 이동형 촬영기로 촬영한 경우 $4{\mu}Sv$, 벽걸이 촬영기로 촬영한 경우 $2{\mu}Sv$였고 우측 하악 구치부 치근단 방사선촬영에서는 각각 $6{\mu}Sv$, $2{\mu}Sv$였다. 결론: 벽걸이 구내방사선촬영기보다 이동형 구내방사선촬영기로 촬영한 치근단 방사선촬영에서의 유효선량이 더 많기 때문에 술자는 구내방사선촬영기에 따른 방사선 노출 정도를 충분히 인지하고 이를 사용하여야 한다.

• Imaging Science in Dentistry
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• 제45권3호
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• pp.153-158
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• 2015

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate and compare the efficacy of cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) and digital intraoral radiography in diagnosing simulated small external root resorption cavities. Materials and Methods: Cavities were drilled in 159 roots using a small spherical bur at different root levels and on all surfaces. The teeth were imaged both with intraoral digital radiography using image plates and with CBCT. Two sets of intraoral images were acquired per tooth: orthogonal (PA) which was the conventional periapical radiograph and mesioangulated (SET). Four readers were asked to rate their confidence level in detecting and locating the lesions. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis was performed to assess the accuracy of each modality in detecting the presence of lesions, the affected surface, and the affected level. Analysis of variation was used to compare the results and kappa analysis was used to evaluate interobserver agreement. Results: A significant difference in the area under the ROC curves was found among the three modalities (P=0.0002), with CBCT (0.81) having a significantly higher value than PA (0.71) or SET (0.71). PA was slightly more accurate than SET, but the difference was not statistically significant. CBCT was also superior in locating the affected surface and level. Conclusion: CBCT has already proven its superiority in detecting multiple dental conditions, and this study shows it to likewise be superior in detecting and locating incipient external root resorption.

• Imaging Science in Dentistry
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• 제39권4호
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• pp.199-203
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• 2009

Purpose : To measure dose-width product (DWP) values used for dental panoramic radiography in Anyang city, Korea. Materials and Methods : Thirty-six panoramic dental radiographic sets (17 analogue panoramic sets and 19 digital panoramic sets) in 36 dental clinics in Anyang city were included in the study. Each patient's panoramic exposure parameters were simulated and the panoramic radiation doses were measured at the secondary collimator using a Mult-O-Meter (Unfors Instruments, Billdal, Sweden) at each dental clinic during 2006. The third quartile DWP was determined from 310 surface dose measurements on adult. Results : The third quartile DWP for adult panoramic radiograph was 106.7 mGy mm. For analogue and digital panoramic radiograph, 3/4 DWP were 116.8 mGy mm and 72 mGy mm respectively. The overall third quartile DWP of panoramic radiography was 106.7 mGy mm. Conclusion : The measured 3/4 DWPs were higher than the 3/4 DWP of 65 mGy mm recommended by NRPB. Dentists who are operating above the reference dose should lower their panoramic exposure doses below the recommended reference value by changing the exposure parameters and/or their panoramic equipments.