• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• 제53권2호
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• pp.657-665
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• 2021

Nondestructive evaluation methods play an important role in ensuring component integrity and safety in many industries. Operator fatigue can play a critical role in the reliability of such methods. This is important for inspecting high value assets or assets with a high consequence of failure, such as aerospace and nuclear components. Recent advances in convolution neural networks can support and automate these inspection efforts. This paper proposes using residual neural networks (ResNets) for real-time detection of corrosion, including iron oxide discoloration, pitting and stress corrosion cracking, in dry storage stainless steel canisters housing used nuclear fuel. The proposed approach crops nuclear canister images into smaller tiles, trains a ResNet on these tiles, and classifies images as corroded or intact using the per-image count of tiles predicted as corroded by the ResNet. The results demonstrate that such a deep learning approach allows to detect the locus of corrosion via smaller tiles, and at the same time to infer with high accuracy whether an image comes from a corroded canister. Thereby, the proposed approach holds promise to automate and speed up nuclear fuel canister inspections, to minimize inspection costs, and to partially replace human-conducted onsite inspections, thus reducing radiation doses to personnel.

• 정신신체의학
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• 제4권2호
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• pp.170-181
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• 1996

Objective : This study was tried to investigate the specific relationships among cognitve function, neurbehavioral symptoms, and daily living functions, as well as provide the guidline of more proper clinical approches for patients with subcortical cerebrovascular disease. Objects and Methods Subjects were 85 patients whose diagnosis was confirmed by brain CT or MRI and controls were 195 normal persons matched by educational level with the subjects. The cognitive functions were evaluated by BNA(Benton neuropsychiatric assessment), subjective neurobehavioral symptoms by SCL-90-R(Sympton Check List-90-Revised), objective neurobehavioral symptoms by NRS(Neurobehavioral Rating Scale), and daily living function symptoms by NRS(Neurobehavioral Rating Scale), and daily living function by GERRI(Geriatric Evaluation by Relative's Rating Instrument) and IADL(Instrumental Activities of Daily Living Scale). Results: 1) Subjects showed significantly lower cognitive functions than controls in all tests of BNA except Lt-Rt Orientation Test(p=0.09) and facial Recognition Test(p=0.186). 2) In subjective neurobehavioral symptoms, subjects showed significantly lower scores in all symptoms except anxiety(p=0.059), hostility(p=0.159), and phobic anxiety(p=0.849). But in objects neurobehavioral symptoms, subjects showed significantly higher in scores in psychoticism (p=0.000) and neuroticism(p=0.025) of NRS. 3) The score of social functioning of GERRI(p=0.000) and that of IADL(p=0.000) were significantly higher in subjects than in controls. 4) for correlation between cognitive and daily living functions, there were significant correlations between the scores of all items on BNA and the score of cognitive or social function of GERRI and the socre of MDL in corntrols, whereas in subjects, there were significant correlations only between the scores of BNA and the score of IADL. 5) for correlation between neuroehavioral symptoms and daily living functions, there were significant correlatons between the socre of subjective neurobehavioral symptoms and the scores of all subscales of GERRI and the score of MDL in controls. On the contrary, in subjects, there were significant correlations between the score of social function of GERRI and the score of objective neurobehavioral symptoms such as psychoticism, agitiation-hostility, and decrease d motivation-emotional withdrawl. Conclusion : Above results suggest that disturbances in specific function of brain may play a role as a predictor of impairments with specific daily living functions and also suggest that specific correlations among various functions may be useful as clinical parameters for setting of the treatment goal and for assessing the ongoing process in the treatment and rehavilitation of the patients with subcortical cerebrovascular disease.

• 벤처창업연구
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• 제12권5호
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• pp.55-66
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• 2017

본 연구는 사회적 기업에 지원되는 사회적 자본이 자생력 확보와 지속적 성장을 위한 역할을 하는지에 대해 알아보고자, 사회적 기업가정신이 사회적 성과에 미치는 영향에 있어 사회적 자본의 매개효과가 사회적 성과에 핵심적 영향을 미치는 지를 규명하고자 하였다. 연구결과 사회적 기업가정신의 혁신성과 사회적 가치 추구성만이 구조적 자본에 정(+)의 영향을 미치고, 전반적으로 인지적 자본과 관계적 자본에 정(+)의 영향을 미치지만 혁신성만은 영향을 미치지 않는 것으로 조사되었고, 구조적 자본에 사회적 기업가정신이 부분매개 작용을 하는 것으로 조사되었다. 또한 사회적 기업가정신의 위험 감수성, 사회적 가치 추구성만이 인지적 자본 간의 매개효과 검정에 있어서 부분매개효과 작용을 하지만 관계적 자본 간의 매개효과 검정에 있어서 진취성만이 완전매개효과가 있는 것으로 조사되었으며 사회적 자본은 전반적으로 사회적 성과에 정(+)의 영향을 미치는 것으로 조사되었다. 결론적으로 사회적 기업의 경제적 목적과 다른 사회적 목적의 실현이 지역사회의 발전 및 고용창출을 하는데 도움을 줄 것이라는 인식전환과 자본의 영세화와 열악한 경영환경 속에서 기업 활동을 영위하고 있음을 감안할 때, 지역사회의 특성을 고려한 혁신적인 전략을 수립하고 업종별 협업을 통한 고부가가치 산업으로 유도하기 위한 정책적인 지원이 마련되어야 할 것이다.

• Molecules and Cells
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• 제43권4호
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• pp.360-372
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• 2020

The basal ganglia network has been implicated in the control of adaptive behavior, possibly by integrating motor learning and motivational processes. Both positive and negative reinforcement appear to shape our behavioral adaptation by modulating the function of the basal ganglia. Here, we examined a transgenic mouse line (G2CT) in which synaptic transmissions onto the medium spiny neurons (MSNs) of the basal ganglia are depressed. We found that the level of collaterals from direct pathway MSNs in the external segment of the globus pallidus (GPe) ('bridging collaterals') was decreased in these mice, and this was accompanied by behavioral inhibition under stress. Furthermore, additional manipulations that could further decrease or restore the level of the bridging collaterals resulted in an increase in behavioral inhibition or active behavior in the G2CT mice, respectively. Collectively, our data indicate that the striatum of the basal ganglia network integrates negative emotions and controls appropriate coping responses in which the bridging collateral connections in the GPe play a critical regulatory role.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.131-143
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• 2019

본 연구목적은 노인 대상 치매예방프로그램 국내 연구동향 분석을 하기 위함이다. 2000년~2018년 사이에 '치매예방', '치매예방 프로그램', '치매', '노인', '노인놀이'를 키워드로 한국교육학술정보원(Riss), 구글학술검색, DBpia, 한국학술정보(Kiss)에 게재된 노인들을 위한 치매예방프로그램 연구논문을 대상으로 하였다. 총 404편의 연구논문 중 자료의 분석기준과 방법에 따라 36편의 논문을 최종 선별 하였다. 연구결과로는 첫째, 연구자료의 기본 구조와 프로그램 시행 구조를 가지고 있는 논문은 2012년~2018년 연구의 학술지 17편으로 나타났다. 그리고, 양적연구방법을 적용한 경우는 25편으로 월등히 높은 경향을 보였다. 노인 대상 치매예방프로그램 시행 구조에 대한 동향을 분석한 결과, 진행 기관은 요양원(노인복지병원)이 11편이 가장 많았고, 참여노인의 성별은 여성노인이 남성노인 보다 높은 것으로 나타났으며, 연구대상 연령은 65세 이상 연령대의 비중이 높은 것으로 나타났다. 둘째, 치매예방 중재 프로그램의 종류를 분석한 결과 통합프로그램이 11편으로 가장 높게 나타났다. 셋째, 치매예방 프로그램 측정도구 및 효과성 분석 결과, 인지기능을 측정하는 한국판 간이정신상태검사 MMSE-K 도구가 16편의 논문에서 가장 많이 사용하는 것으로 나타났으며, 통합프로그램은 인지기능에서는 10편의 연구에서 인지기능의 유의한 향상이 나타났다. 이 연구는 노인들을 위한 치매예방 교육이 단편적인 프로그램에서 벗어나 노인들의 인지기능 및 정신행동, 생활 습관 등에 영향을 주고, 건강한 노후와 삶의 질을 향상시킬 수 있도록 치매예방 프로그램이 통합적으로 이루어져야 한다는 점을 제안하였다.

• 재활치료과학
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• 제11권4호
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• pp.7-22
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• 2022

목적 : 본 연구는 국내 CO-OP 중재 연구를 체계적으로 고찰하여 임상적 근거를 제공하고자 한다. 연구방법 : 본 연구는 2015년 1월부터 2021년 12월까지 학술연구정보서비스(RISS), 학술교육원(e-article) 데이터베이스에 게재된 문헌 중 선정기준에 적합한 13편의 논문을 최종적으로 선택하여 연구 방법의 내용에 따라 일반적 특성과 질적 수준으로 나누어 분석하였다. 결과 : 연구 내용을 분석한 결과, 2015년 이후 연구가 지속적으로 진행되었으며 CO-OP 중재 연구의 근거 수준은 개별대상연구가 주를 이루었다. 연구 대상은 아동과 성인 모두에게 적용되고 있었으며, CO-OP 중재의 목표 활동 영역으로 아동은 놀이와 여가, 성인은 수단적 일상생활 영역으로 나타났다. 중재의 효과를 살펴보기 위한 평가로는 COPM과 PQRS 평가를 많이 사용하였으며 구체화 전략으로는 아동은 자세, 집중하기, 과제변형, 언어적 상상을 많이 사용하였고 성인은 자세, 집중하기, 과제변형, 움직임에 대한 느낌, 언어적 상상, 과제 촉진 언어를 주로 사용한 것으로 나타났다. 결론 : 본 연구를 통해 국내 CO-OP 중재를 적용한 연구의 특성과 질적 수준을 확인할 수 있었다. CO-OP 중재가 작업치료 분야에서 지속해서 적용되고 있으며, 적용 연령과 진단군이 확대되고 있음을 알 수 있었다. 국내 CO-OP 중재 연구의 체계적 고찰을 통해 임상에서 CO-OP 중재를 실행하기 위한 근거 자료를 제공하였다는 데 의의가 있다.

• 대한인간공학회지
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• 제25권2호
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• pp.125-134
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• 2006

Most users learn new, complex systems through trial-and-error experience rather than referring to the manuals in a cognitive process that is called 'exploratory learning'. While exploring a system, people find prototypical rules for using the system based especially on frequent tasks. The rules are formed from consistent task procedures and well-expected interface elements on the designed system. These rules play the role of the basis of users' knowledge for performing tasks. The decision making to select and apply those rules interacting with an interface can be aided by properly provided hints on the interface. With appropriate hints, users can learn new systems easily and use them with reduced usability problems. This paper first reports an observation of user behavior performing tasks with prototypical interaction rules and finds a sound set of criteria to extract prototypical interaction rules systematically. Two types of hints are defined. Extending hints prompt users to apply prototypical interaction rules beyond well-known tasks. Preventive hints guide users out of possible capture errors by drawing attention to the variation of rules. A systematic and practical method is proposed to identify the opportunities for both types in designing interfaces. It is then verified through a usability test that the proposed method is effective in identifying the locations and types of appropriate hints to reduce or mitigate usability problems.

• KIEAE Journal
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• 제8권6호
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• pp.71-78
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• 2008

Necessity of paradigm change has been awared in urban redevelopment especially, in housing regeneration from uniform scratch without serious consideration about resident's lives to holistic approach based on local culture and residents' participation. The purpose of this research was to identify community places recognized and attached by residents of a housing improvement district which was scheduled to be changed for improvement of the area, in near future. This research itself was considered as an resident participation technique. Group interview at a field site was carried as the main research methodology. As results, valuable places cherished by residents were identified. Most of them could be explained in relation to religious leadership, traditional cultural heritage and democratic movement. In regeneration process those places which have a strong tie with residents needs to be deliberately considered as a target to be preserved rather than demolished. The places also play a role in diffusing a livable village making movement. The result is expected to be used to make a cognitive and emotional community map of residents which is meaningfully differentiated from just a physical and geographical map. The places, place recognition activities and diffusion movement for common appreciation can be a basic foundation for residents participation in improving their housing neighborhood environment, and in creating value added strategies for the area.

• 아동학회지
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• 제37권4호
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• pp.57-67
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• 2016

Objective: This study examined the relations between maternal meta-emotion philosophy, child interpersonal problem solving, and peer competence among children aged 4-5 and their mothers and teachers. Methods: A total of 54 children from 24 kindergartens were assessed on their interpersonal problem solving and peer competence. Their mothers reported on meta-emotion philosophy. Their teachers were assessed on child peer competence. Results: The major findings of this study were as follows. First, maternal meta-emotion philosophy, child interpersonal problem solving, and child peer competence showed positive correlation patterns. Second, child interpersonal problem solving and peer competence was found to be influenced by maternal child-directed meta-emotion philosophy but not by maternal self-directed meta-emotion philosophy. Conclusion: Findings highlight the importance of maternal meta-emotion philosophy and that their emotion socialization play a significant role in identifying the mechanisms leading to child social cognitive ability and social adjustment. Furthermore, these results could lead to important basic studies in developing parent/teacher education programs.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제43권5호
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• pp.579-586
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• 2013

Purpose: This article provides an update and overview of a nursing research program focused on understanding the pathophysiology and management of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). Methods: This review includes English language papers from the United States, Europe, and Asia (e.g., South Korea) from 1999 to 2013. We addressed IBS as a health problem, emerging etiologies, diagnostic and treatment approaches and the importance of a biopsychosocial model. Results: IBS is a chronic, functional gastrointestinal disorder characterized by recurrent episodes of abdominal pain and alterations in bowel habit (diarrhea, constipation, mixed). It is a condition for which adults, particularly women ages 20-45, seek health care services in both the United States and South Korea. Clinically, nurses play key roles in symptom prevention and management including designing and implementing approaches to enhance the patients' self-management strategies. Multiple mechanisms are believed to participate in the development and maintenance of IBS symptoms including autonomic nervous system dysregulation, intestinal inflammation, intestinal dysbiosis, dietary intolerances, alterations in emotion regulation, heightened visceral pain sensitivity, hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal dysregulation, and dysmotility. Because IBS tends to occur in families, genetic factors may also contribute to the pathophysiology. Patients with IBS often report a number of co-morbid disorders and/or symptoms including poor sleep. Conclusion: The key to planning effective management strategies is to understand the heterogeneity of this disorder. Interventions for IBS include non-pharmacological strategies such as cognitive behavior therapy, relaxation strategies, and exclusion diets.