• KSBB Journal
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• 제31권4호
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• pp.200-207
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• 2016

In the present study, antioxidant activity of crude extract and its solvent-partitioned subfractions (n-hexane, 85% aqueous methanol, n-butanol, and water) obtained from Atriplex gmelinii was investigated using several different antioxidant assays. The tested samples possessed different antioxidant and radical-scavenging activities in different assays. n-butanol fraction showed the most potent radical-scavenging activity on reducing power while 85% aqueous methanol fraction exhibited the highest radical-scavenging activity on DPPH radicals and intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS). On the otherhand, n-BuOH and 85% aqueous methanol revealed the similar inhibitory effect on peroxynitrite-scavenging and genomic DNA oxidation. These results suggest that the Atriplex gmelinii can be used as the valuable source for developing a natural antioxidant.

• 한방비만학회지
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• 제23권2호
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• pp.69-77
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• 2023

Objectives: Atriplex gmelinii C. A. Meyer is a halophyte belonging to the Chenopodiaceae family, and its young leaves and stems are used as fodder for livestock. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of A. gmelinii extract and its solvent fractions on lipid accumulation during adipogenesis of 3T3-L1 preadipocytes. Methods: The samples of A. gmelinii were separately extracted using methylene chloride and methanol. Subsequently, they were combined to formulate the initial extract, which was then partitioned based on polarity to prepare solvent fractions. Oil Red O staining was employed to measure lipid accumulation during the differentiation of 3T3-L1 preadipocytes. To verify cytotoxicity in 3T3-L1 cells, MTT assays were conducted. The expression levels of transcription factors in 3T3-L1 preadipocytes were measured through Western blotting analysis. Results: At 50 ㎍/mL, treatment of A. gmelinii extract and its solvent fractions during the differentiation of 3T3-L1 preadipocytes significantly diminished lipid accumulation with no noteworthy cytotoxicity on cell viability. Additionally, when investigating the biochemical pathways that underlie the prevention of lipid accumulation using solvent fractions, it was found that the n-BuOH and n-hexane fractions significantly decreased the expression of key transcription factors involved in the generation of fat, such as peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ), CCAAT/enhancer binding protein α (C/EBPα), and sterol regulatory element-binding protein-1c (SREBP1c). Conclusions: These findings indicate that A. gmelinii can effectively reduce the accumulation of fat in 3T3-L1 adipocytes, making it a potentially valuable material for mitigating and preventing obesity.

• Ocean and Polar Research
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• 제41권2호
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• pp.79-88
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• 2019

In this study, the inhibitory effect of Atriplex gmelinii C. A. Mey. against the activity of MMP-2 and MMP-9 secreted from phorbol-12-myristate-13-acetate (PMA)-stimulated HT-1080 cells was evaluated by gelatin zymography and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), reverse transcription polymerase-chain reaction (RT-PCR), and Western blot assay. Specimens of the halophyte A. gmelinii were extracted twice for 24 hr with methylene chloride ($CH_2Cl_2$), and then twice with methanol (MeOH), in turn. Each extract significantly inhibited the enzymatic activities in gelatin zymography and MMP ELISA kit, and expression of MMP-2 and 9 in mRNA and protein levels. Two crude extracts were combined and then the combined crude extracts were fractionated into n-hexane, 85% aqueous methanol (85% aq.MeOH), n-butanol (n-BuOH), and water ($H_2O$) fractions, according to solvent polarity. Among solvent-partitioned fractions, the 85% aq.MeOH fraction showed the strongest inhibitory effect against MMP-2 and -9 in gelatin zymography and MMP ELISA kit. In RT-PCR, all solvent-partitioned fractions significantly suppressed mRNA expression of MMP-2 and -9. On the other hand, in Western blot assay, all solvent-partitioned fractions except $H_2O$ significantly reduced expression levels of protein. HT 1080 cell migration was most significantly inhibited by the n-BuOH fraction followed by the 85% aq.MeOH and $H_2O$ fractions. These results suggest that A. gmelinii could be used as a potential source to inhibit tumor cell metastasis.

• 한국응용과학기술학회지
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• 제41권2호
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• pp.447-458
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• 2024

In this study, the antioxidizing effect of 2,3-dicaffeoyl-epi-quinic acid (DEQA) was investigated. The antioxidant activity was evaluated by measuring the scavenging effect on DPPH radical and peroxynitrite and the reducing power on ferric ion. DEQA showed a scavenging effect and reducing power comparable to vitamin C used as a positive control. Also, DEQA effectively inhibited production of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) in HT-1080 cells, showing the scavenging ratio of 43.8% even at 10 µM concentration of DEQA after 2 hours in HT-1080 treated with H₂O₂. In addition to this, DEQA inhibited the production of nitric oxide (NO) very effectively in Raw 264.7 cells. The above results suggest that DEQA has the potential to be developed as a natural antioxidant.

• 한국어병학회지
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• 제35권1호
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• pp.41-46
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• 2022

Since viral haemorrhagic septicaemia virus (VHSV) was first reported in European rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) in the 1930s, it has caused high prices in freshwater and saltwater fish around the world, causing enormous economic damage to the aquaculture industry. We have been seeking required countermeasures against viruses because of economic damage to the aquaculture industry. However, commercial vaccines have the limitations of being costly to use in farms and being effective to only one pathogen. The aquaculture industry these days is taking on new alternatives to vaccines, antibiotics and chemicals. In this study, the suitability of antiviral effects against VHSV was evaluated in vitro for various plant extracts to judge their effectiveness. Atriplex gmelinii, Ixeris repens, Arctium lappa, and Sargassum coreanum were tested to know the correlation between the amount of virus and the concentration of extract investigates if these extracts have antiviral effects. Virus and extracts at various concentrations were inoculated simultaneously as 1:1 ratio into EPC cell lines. There are no antiviral effects with Atriplex gmelinii, Ixeris repens and Arctium lappa. Extract of Sargassum coreanum only has the antiviral activity in a dose-dependent manner. These results show that extract of Sargassum coreanum can be used in aquaculture industry as an antiviral materials.

• 생명과학회지
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• 제27권2호
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• pp.187-193
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• 2017

본 연구에서는 염생식물을 이용한 생리활성 소재 개발 연구의 일환으로 가는갯능쟁이의 용매 추출물 및 분획물을 제조하여 LPS로 염증을 유도한 마우스 유래 macrophages에서의 NO 생성 및 염증관련인자의 발현에 미치는 영향을 검토하여 가는갯능쟁이의 항염증 소재로서의 이용 가능성을 검토하였다. 가는갯능쟁이는 methylene chloride와 methanol을 이용하여 제조한 조추출물(crude extract, 48.3 mg)을 용매극성에 따라 단계적으로 분획하여 n-hexane 층(11.5 mg), 85% aqueous methanol 수용액층(85% aq. MeOH, 11.3 mg), n-butanol 층(n-BuOH, 11.2 mg)과 water 층(12.3 mg)을 얻었다. 가는갯능쟁이의 조추출물 및 분획물의 RAW264.7 대식세포에 대한 독성 여부를 측정하여 세포에 대한 독성이 나타나지 않는 처리 농도에서 추출물 및 분획물의 항염증 활성을 확인하였다. 조추출물은 LPS로 유도된 NO 생성을 유의적으로 억제하는 효과를 나타내었으며, 주요 염증 유발인자인 iNOS와 COX-2의 발현 또한 효과적으로 억제하였다. 분획물의 NO 생성 억제효과는 85% aq. MeOH> n-BuOH >n-hexane > $H_2O$의 순으로 나타났으며, 세포내 전사수준에서 염증관련 유전자의 발현 억제율은 $H_2O$ 분획 처리군에 비해 85% aq. MeOH, n-BuOH 및 n-hexane 분획 처리군에서 높게 나타났다. 이상의 결과로부터 항염증 활성이 가장 높게 나타난 85% aq. MeOH 분획층으로 부터 염증억제 효과가 있는 유효 성분의 분리가 기대된다.

• 환경생물
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• 제34권1호
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• pp.41-47
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• 2016

우리나라에 발생하는 해안 식생의 식생 구조에 대하여 식물사회학적 연구를 수행하였다. 총 102개 조사구에 대한 식생자료의 분석은 ZM 학파의 방법을 활용하였다. 국내 해안에 발생하는 식물 군집 구분은 총 11개의 군락으로 순비기나무-돌가시나무 군락, 갯메꽃 군락, 통보리사초-갯그령 군락, 갯잔디 군락, 해홍나물 군락, 방석나물 군락, 나문재-가는갯는쟁이군락, 칠면초 군락, 천일사초 군락, 갈대 군락, 산조풀 군락이 구분되었다. 각 군락 들은 발생지역과 환경에서 다양성을 보였다. 식생 자료에 대한 주성분분석 (PCA) 결과 식물사회학적 군락 분류 결과를 지지하였다.

• Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• 제23권3호
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• pp.6.1-6.9
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• 2020

Background: Halophyte plant (HPs), a salt-resistant flora, has been reported to provide several health benefits, but the knowledge of its cosmeceutical potential is still ambiguous. Here, 70% ethanol extracts of 22 HPs collected from along the coast of South Korea were investigated for their potentials of antioxidant, anti-aging, and whitening properties for use as materials in novel cosmeceuticals. Methods: Antioxidant activities were determined by DPPH (1,1-diphenyl-2-pricrylhydrazyl) free radical and hydrogen peroxide scavenging assays, and skin aging-related enzyme activities (anti-elastase, anti-collagenase, anti-hyaluronidase, and anti-tyrosinase) were evaluated by using the spectrophotometric method. Results: Among the 22 HPs, we found that Ischaemum antephoroides f. coreana and Atriplex gmelinii extracts presented the strongest scavenging effects against DPPH free radical and hydrogen peroxide, respectively. Our finding additionally suggested that Salicornia europaea extract might provide a major source of anti-elastase and anti-hyaluronidase; meanwhile, Rosa rugosa extract showed the highest anti-collagenase effect. Furthermore, the highest tyrosinase inhibitory activity was possessed by Spartina anglica extract. Conclusion: These findings may suggest that halophyte plants showing biological activities may be potent inhibitors of tyrosinase, elastase, collagenase, and hyaluronidase and could be useful for application in cosmeceuticals.

• 한국환경복원기술학회지
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.31-48
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• 2014

This study is carried out to offer the raw data for conservation and management of tidal flat ecosystem by surveying and analysing the flora distributed in Daesong tidal flat wetland, Ahnsan-si, Gyeonggi-do coast, Korea. The results of surveying the flora were recorded as 186 taxa including 45 families, 121 genera, 170 species, 14 varieties and 2 forms. The halophytes checked around this site were 20 taxa including Atriplex gmelinii, Salicornia europaea, Suaeda glauca, Suaeda japonica, Phragmites communis, Carex scabrifolia and so forth. Polygonum bellardii that species had ecological value was the specific plant by floristic region. The growth locations of halophytes were 11 taxa of upper, 4 taxa of high tide line and 5 taxa of lower. The naturalized plants were 42 taxa including Phytolacca americana, Chenopodium glaucum, Melilotus alba, Veronica persica, Bidens pilosa, Leptochloa fusca and so forth. Because Aster subulatusand Leptochloa fusca grew a upper tidal flat wetland, they had the characteristics of halophytes. The focuses on the management of Daesong wetland were halophytes and naturalized plants. Firstly, to maintain a halophytes communities, we will sow the halophytes seeds and plant the individuals. And In-Situ conservation was applied to Polygonum bellardii habitat. Secondly, to prevent the genesis of naturalized plant, we will don't disturb around the wetland environment. The invasive alien plant, Lactuca scariola, was removed by periodic monitoring and purification activity.

• 한국산림과학회지
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• 제110권3호
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• pp.369-392
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• 2021

본 연구는 생태적·경관적 가치가 뛰어난 광포만의 관속식물, 염생식물, 침입외래식물의 분포에 관한 연구를 통해 이 지역의 식물자원을 체계적으로 관리하는 방안을 수립하는데 필요한 기초자료 제공이 목적이다. 광포만에서 출현한 관속식물은 93과 299속 466종 3아종 41변종 10품종으로 520종이었다. 산림청 지정 희귀식물중 LC등급은 검팽나무, 새박, 모새달 등의 3분류군, VU등급은 세뿔석위 1분류군, CR등급은 왕벚나무 1분류군, EN등급은 왕둥굴레가 출현하였다. 한국 특산식물은 해변싸리, 오동나무, 병꽃나무 등의 9분류군이 출현하였다. 식물구계학적 특정식물은 44분류군으로 V등급은 왕벚나무 1분류군, IV등급은 산복사나무, 등나무, 검양옻나무, 갈사초 등의 4분류군, III등급은 바위손, 세뿔석위, 참조팝나무 등의 10분류군, II등급은 방기, 개산초, 새박 등 6분류군, I등급은 실고사리, 잣나무, 가래나무 등 23분류군이 출현하였다. 침입외래식물은 돼지풀, 가시박, 털물참새피 등 62분류군이 출현하였다. 염생식물은 갯장구채, 나문재, 해홍나물 등 27분류군이 출현하였다. 생태계교란종은 7분류군이 출현하였으며 특히, 돼지풀, 가시박, 털물참새피 등은 자생식물의 생육환경에 악영향을 미칠 수 있어 인위적인 방제가 반드시 수반되어야 할 것이다.