• ETRI Journal
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• v.34 no.1
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• pp.24-34
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• 2012

In this paper, the directional carrier sense multiple access/collision avoidance (CSMA/CA) protocol in the immediate acknowledgement mode for IEEE 802.15.3c is analyzed under saturation environments. For the analysis, a sensing region and an exclusive region with a directional antenna are computed probabilistically and a Markov chain model in which the features of IEEE 802.15.3c and the effects of using directional antennas are incorporated is analyzed. An algorithm to find the maximal number of concurrently transmittable frames is proposed. The system throughput and the average transmission delay are obtained in closed forms. The numerical results show the impact of directional antennas on the CSMA/CA media access control (MAC) protocol. For instance, the throughput with a small beamwidth of antenna is more than ten times larger than that for an omnidirectional antenna. The overall analysis is verified by a simulation. The obtained results will be helpful in developing an MAC protocol for enhancing the performance of mmWave wireless personal area networks.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.12 no.6
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• pp.621-633
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• 1987

In this paper, for the purpose of constructing LAN(Local Area Network) with Token ring type Star-wired ring method, we implemented an in board network adapter and a concentrator using microprocessor. Using cconcentrato's communication controlling function, the concentator prevents a break of communication by by-passing the fault network adapter. Because, in the data transfer period, a concentrator recognized the network adapter at transmit and receiving side to construct single by -pass line and reduces ring latency time at both sides, this method can keep a high throughput in high and low load. Being considered the result of performance evaluation for the method our study employed, high throughput can be obtained.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• v.11 no.9
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• pp.4242-4263
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• 2017

Multi-User Multiple-Input Multiple-Output (MU-MIMO) technology has recently attracted significant attention from academia and industry because of it is increasingly important role in improving networks' capacity and data rate. Moreover, MU-MIMO systems for the Fifth Generation (5G) have already been researched. High Quality of Service (QoS) and efficient operations at the Medium Access Control (MAC) layer have become key requirements. In this paper, we propose a downlink MU-MIMO MAC protocol based on adaptive Channel State Information (CSI) feedback (called MMM-A) for Wireless Local Area Networks (WLANs). A modified CSMA/CA mechanism using new frame formats is adopted in the proposed protocol. Specifically, the CSI is exchanged between stations (STAs) in an adaptive way, and a packet selection strategy which can guarantee a fairer QoS for scenarios with differentiated traffic is also included in the MMM-A protocol. We then derive the expressions of the throughput and access delay, and analyze the performance of the protocol. It is easy to find that the MMM-A protocol outperforms the commonly used protocols in terms of the saturated throughput and access delay through simulation and analysis results.

• Smart Media Journal
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• v.4 no.4
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• pp.39-46
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• 2015

This paper describes hardware implementation of the encryption block of the '128 bit block cipher LEA' among various lightweight encryption algorithms for IoT (Internet of Things) security. Round function blocks and key-schedule blocks are designed by parallel circuits for high throughput. The encryption blocks support secret-key of 128 bits, and are designed by FSM method and 24/n stage(n=1, 2, 3, 4, 8, 12) pipeline methods. The LEA-128 encryption blocks are modeled using Verilog-HDL and implemented on FPGA, and according to the synthesis results, minimum area and maximum throughput are provided.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea SD
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• v.40 no.5
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• pp.361-368
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• 2003

A new high-speed direct digital frequency synthesizer using a low power pipelined parallel accumulator is proposed. The proposed pipelined parallel accumulator uses both pipelining and paralleling techniques to increase speed and to reduce power consumption. The 2-pipelined 2-parallel accumulator only consumes 66% and 69% power of the 4-pipelined accumulator and the 4-parallel accumulator respectively with the same throughput. The proposed accumulator can achieve higher throughput with smaller area and less power consumption in lower clock frequency. All circuit simulations and implementations are based on a 0.35um CMOS process with VCC = 3.3V.

• Journal of Communications and Networks
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.275-284
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• 2010

The current multihome-aware protocols (like stream control transmission protocol (SCTP) or parallel TCP for concurrent multipath data transfer (CMT) are not designed for high-capacity and large-latency networks; they often have performance problems transferring large data files over shared long-distance wide area networks. It has been shown that SCTP-CMT is more sensitive to receive buffer (rbuf) constraints, and this rbuf-blocking problem causes considerable throughput loss when multiple paths are used simultaneously. In this research paper, we demonstrate the weakness of SCTP-CMT rbuf constraints, and we then identify that rbuf-blocking problem in SCTP multihoming is mostly due to its loss-based nature for detecting network congestion. We present a simulation-based performance comparison of FAST TCP versus SCTP in high-speed networks for solving a number of throughput issues. This work proposes an end-to-end transport layer protocol (i.e., FAST TCP multihoming as a reliable, delaybased, multihome-aware, and selective ACK-based transport protocol), which can transfer data between a multihomed source and destination hosts through multiple paths simultaneously. Through extensive ns-2 simulations, we show that FAST TCP multihoming achieves the desired goals under a variety of network conditions. The experimental results and survey presented in this research also provide an insight on design decisions for the future high-speed multihomed transport layer protocols.

• The Journal of the Korea institute of electronic communication sciences
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• v.13 no.5
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• pp.995-1002
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• 2018

A Contention Access Period(: CAP) with high contention in priority-based MAC protocols can result in higher number of collisions and retransmissions. High-Priority traffic dominates low-priority traffic during CAP depleting low-priority traffic, adversely affecting WBAN throughput, delay, and energy consumption. This paper proposes a Emergency data-First-Priority MAC(: EFP-MAC) superframe structure that is able to reduce contention in the CAP period, and provides a fair chance for low-priority traffic. As a result, the proposed Emergency data-First Priority MAC(; EFP-MAC) The Simulation results show that the proposed MAC achieves lower energy consumption, higher throughput and low latency than the IEEE 802.15.4 standard.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.40 no.3
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• pp.559-567
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• 2015

This paper focuses on evaluating the performance of a cellular network using power control based frequency reuse partitioning (FRP) in downlink (DL). In our work, in order to have the realistic environment, the spectral efficiency of the system is evaluated through traffic analysis, which most of the previous works did not consider. To further decrease the cell edge user's outage, the concept of power ratio is introduced and applied to the DL FRP based cellular network. In considering network topology, we first divide the cell coverage area into two regions, the inner and outer regions. We then allocate different sub-bands in the inner and outer regions of each cell. In the analysis, for each zone ratio, the performance of FRP system is evaluated for the given number of power ratios. We consider performance metrics such as call blocking probability, channel utilization, outage probability and effective throughput. The simulation results show that there is a significant improvement in the outage experienced by outer UEs with power control scheme compared to that with no power control scheme and an increase in overall system throughput.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea TC
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• v.43 no.5 s.347
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• pp.113-120
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• 2006

This thesis deals with solutions such as coverage area extension, reduction of the shadow region and performance enhancement of handover caused by structural modification of WiBro network. The More far the distance of RAS(Radio Access Station) and SS(Subscriber Station) is in micro cell, the more bad the quality of channel environment becomes owing to radio interference. Consequently, it causes the deterioration of the throughput and also the deterioration of communication quality in many sides. In fact, most users of WiBro are located in the region, the QPSK region which is bad in point of channel quality. It brings the service complaint by user. We select RS(relay station) to solve the matter caused by channel environment in this cell, and extend coverage and improve the performance of handover call blocking.

• Journal of Korea Spatial Information System Society
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• v.6 no.2 s.12
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• pp.51-62
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• 2004

Recently, the location-based service for moving customers is becoming one of the most important service in mobile communication area. For moving object applications, there are lots of update operations and such update loads are concentrated on some particular area unevenly. The primary processing of LBS application is spatio-temporal range queries. To improve the throughput of spatio-temporal range queries, the time of disk I/O in query processing should be reduced. In this paper, we adopt non-uniform two-level grid index structures of GALIS architecture,which are designed to minimize update operations. We propose query scheduling technique using spatial relationship and time relationship and a combined spatio-temporal query processing method using time zone concepts to improve the throughput of query processing. Some experimental results are shown for range queries with different query range to show the performance tradeoffs of the proposed methods.