• 한국식품과학회지
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• 제47권3호
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• pp.394-400
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• 2015

본 연구에서는 고종시 감껍질을 열수 추출 및 초임계 유체 추출하여 아토피 피부염 증상 억제 효과를 밝히고, 항염 효능을 나타내는 기능성 소재로서의 이용 가능성을 알아보고자 하였다. 그 결과 육안 평가를 통해 피부의 홍반(erythema), 가려움과 피부의 건조상태(pruritus and dry skin), 부종과 혈종(edema and excoriation), 짓무름(erosion), 그리고 태선화(lichenification)와 같은 아토피 피부염 같은 증상이 AD 모델에서 증가하였지만, SPPE와 PPWE를 투여하였을 경우 완화되는 것을 확인할 수 있었으며, SPPE가 PPWE보다 더 뛰어난 효과를 나타내었다. 피부 두께와 염증 세포의 침윤은 AD 모델에서 크게 증가하였지만, SPPE와 PPWE를 투여하였을 경우 감소하는 것을 확인할 수 있었으며, SPPE가 PPWE보다 더 뛰어난 효과를 나타내었다. 혈청 중의 IgE와 IL-4의 수치를 측정한 결과, AD 모델에서 크게 증가하였으나 SPPE와 PPWE를 투여하였을 경우 감소하는 것을 확인할 수 있었으며, SPPE가 PPWE보다 더 뛰어나게 억제하는 효과를 나타내었다. 또한 RAW264.7 세포에 SPPE를 처리하였을 경우 염증 매개 인자인 NO, $PGE_2$, IL-6, IL-$1{\beta}$의 생성량이 유의적의로 감소하였고, PPWE의 경우 NO, $PGE_2$, IL-$1{\beta}$의 생성을 억제한 반면 IL-6 생성 억제에는 영향을 나타내지 않았다. 이러한 염증 매개 인자 억제 효능은 SPPE가 PPWE보다 더 뛰어나게 억제하는 것을 확인하였다. 따라서 감껍질 추출물은 아토피 피부염 증상 개선과 염증관련 질환 치료를 위한 기능성 천연물 소재로 유용하게 활용될 수 있을 것으로 판단된다.

• 생약학회지
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• 제34권3호통권134호
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• pp.228-232
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• 2003

For effective management of atopic dermatitis, it is important to introduce a therapeutic agent although having the fewest side effects, has the greatest anti- inflammatory effect. In the course of screening anti-inflammatory agents, we obtained BSASM composed of several plant extracts. This study was designed to investigate anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory effects of BSASM. As a first step, $NF-{\kappa}B$ luciferase reporter assay was performed to know the involvement of BSASM in the production of proinflammatory cytokines because $NF-{\kappa}B$ element has been known to play a major role in expression of cytokine genes such as interleukin-8 (IL-8) or tumor necrosis $factor-{\alpha}\;(TNF-{\alpha})$. LPS (lipolysaccharide)-induced $NF-{\kappa}B$ activation was inhibited by BSASM. In addition, we found the fact that BSASM inhibits LPS-induced produced production of IL-8 and $TNF-{\alpha}$ proinflammatory cytokines, indicating BSASM has anti-inflammatory effect. In interleukin-2 (IL-2) luciferase reporter assay in Jurkat T cells, BSASM reduced PHA (Phytohemagglutinin)-induced IL-2 luciferase activity, suggesting the possibility that BSASM might also have an immunomodulatory function in T cell-mediated immune response. Based on these results, we suggest the possibility that BSASM can be introduced to improve symptom of immune-related skin diseases, namely, atopic dermatitis.

• 동의생리병리학회지
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• 제33권2호
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• pp.102-108
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• 2019

This study aims to evaluate the anti-inflammatory effect of Coptidis Rhizoma (CR) extract for atopic dermatitis through maintaining skin barrier and regulating Th2 cell differentiation. We divided NC/Nga mice into 3 groups as follows; atopy-like dermatitis induced group with CR treatment (CT, n=10), no treatment group(Ctrl), atopy-like dermatitis elicited group(AE). Atopy-like dermatitis was induced to NC/Nga mice by sensitizing with dermatophagoides farinae(DfE) on 7, 8, 9, 11, 12, and 13th week. After inducing atopic dermatitis, CR extract was administered 20 mg/kg daily for the experimental duration to the CT group. We measured the integrity of lipid layers in the epidermis and Th2 differentiation through immunohistochemical staining against filaggrin, loricrin, IL-4, and IL-13. We also measured the distribution of subcutaneous collagen fibers by the Masson's trichrome staining. Administration of CR significantly inhibited the reduction of lipid layers in the skin that caused atopy. The expression of IL-4, IL-13, each of which is a cytokine secreted by T helper type 2 (Th2) cells, was markedly suppressed in the CT group as compared with AE group (p<0.05). CR treatment also decreased the expression of iNOS, $p-I{\kappa}B$. Atopic dermatitis induced dermatological damage to skin, such as hyperplasia of epithelium, and capillary proliferation was significantly reduced by CR administration. CR effectively inhibited the thinning of the skin barrier and inflammatory responses in atopic dermatitis-induced mice. In particular, it showed anti-inflammatory effects by reducing the expression of IL-4 and IL-13, Th2 cell cytokines, which play a crucial role in development of atopic dermatitis. Therefore, CR can be a good candidate to ameliorate and treat atopic dermatitis.

• Toxicological Research
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• 제33권4호
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• pp.325-332
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• 2017

3-Bromo-4,5-dihydroxybenzaldehyde (BDB) is a natural bromophenol compound that is most commonly isolated from red algae. The present study was designed to investigate the anti-inflammatory properties of BDB on atopic dermatitis (AD) in mice induced by 2,4-dinitrochlorobenzene (DNCB) and on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated murine macrophages. BDB treatment (100 mg/kg) resulted in suppression of the development of AD symptoms compared with the control treatment (induction-only), as demonstrated by reduced immunoglobulin E levels in serum, smaller lymph nodes with reduced thickness and length, a decrease in ear edema, and reduced levels of inflammatory cell infiltration in the ears. In RAW 264.7 murine macrophages, BDB (12.5, 25, 50, and $100{\mu}M$) suppressed the production of interleukin-6, a proinflammatory cytokine, in a dose-dependent manner. BDB also had an inhibitory effect on the phosphorylation of nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-${\kappa}B$) and signal transducer and activator of transcription 1 (STAT1; Tyr 701), two major signaling molecules involved in cellular inflammation. Taken together, the results show that BDB treatment alleviates inflammatory responses in an atopic dermatitis mouse model and RAW 264.7 macrophages. These results suggest that BDB may be a useful therapeutic strategy for treating conditions involving allergic inflammation such as atopic dermatitis.

• 대한한방소아과학회지
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• 제37권4호
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• pp.53-62
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• 2023

Objectives The aim of this study was to identify the effect of Baekho-tang extract on epidermal barrier recovery and inflammation relief in atopic dermatitis-induced mice through Endocanabinoid system (ECS) regulation. Methods In this study, we used 4-week-old NC/Nga mice were divided into 4 group: lipid barrier elimination group (LBEG), palmitoylethanolamide treated group after lipid barrier elimination (PEAT), Baekho-tang extract treatment group after lipid barrier elimination (BHTT) and control group (Ctrl). Each group was assigned 10 animals. We identified that cannabinoid receptor (CB) 1, CB2, CD (Cluster of Differentiation) 68, inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), substance P and Matrix metallopeptidase 9 (MMP-9) through our immunohistochemistry. Results We discovered that when compared to PEAT, 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine, a marker of oxidative stress in the epidermal barrier, and CB1 and CB2, markers of ECS modulation, were less activated in BHTT. These results led to an anti-inflammatory response in BHTT, with a significant decrease in several inflammatory mediators such as CD 68, iNOS, substance P and MMP-9 compared to PEAT and LBEG. Conclusions These results suggest that the Baekho-tang extract can reduce the inflammation of atopic dermatitis by restoring the structural damage of the skin lipid barrier through ECS modulation.

• 대한한방소아과학회지
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• 제32권3호
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• pp.90-99
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• 2018

Objectives Hwangnyeonhaedok-tang is a Korean herbal medical treatment that removes toxic heat, fever and inflammation. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of Hwangnyeonhaedok-tang treatment on the relief of atopic dermatitis (AD) through regeneration of skin lipid barrier. Methods Male NC/Nga mice (20 g, 6 week age) were used. Each 10 mice were allocated to the control group (Ctrl), the AD-induced with no treatment group (AE), and the group which induced AD after administering Hwangnyeonhaedok-tang extract (HT). To induce AD-like skin lesions, sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) (Sigma-Aldrich, USA) was rubbed on the back of each mouse to remove the lipid lamella of the stratum corneum, and Dermatophagoides (D.) farinae crude extract was applied. HT group was orally administered Hwangnyeonhaedok-tang after induction of AD. IL-4 IL-13, $p-I{\kappa}B$, iNOS, Sudan Black B (SB), loricrin, and filaggrin were observed to confirm the effect. Results In HT group, AD skin score was decreased by 46%. The cytokine IL-4 and IL-13, which can identify Th2 differentiation, was reduced by 73% and 58% each. Anti-inflammatory effects were observed in $p-I{\kappa}B$ and iNOS by 69% and 54%, respectively. Finally, SB showed that the regeneration of the lipid layer and the increase of the regeneration power of loricrin and filaggrin were increased by 437% and 464%, respectively. Conclusions From the study result, we observed that Hwangnyeonhaedok-tang treatment alleviates AD by decreasing skin score, reducing Th2 differentiation, inducing anti-inflammatory, and increasing skin lipid barrier regeneration. Thus, Hwangnyeonhaedok-tang treatment would be considered as an effective AD relieving treatment.

• Korean Chemical Engineering Research
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• 제48권1호
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• pp.27-32
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• 2010

후코이단을 보습제 및 기능성화장품 소재로 사용하기 위한 후코이단 특성 및 그 효과에 대해 연구하였다. 후코이단은 미역 포자엽에서 추출하였다. 화장품 소재 시험으로는 보습력 측정, 항산화(DPPH assay, radical scavenging), 안전성(MTT assay)을 실시하였다. 후코이단의 보습력은 최고의 보습제 중의 하나인 히아루론산의 보습력보다 높았고, 분자량이 감소함에 따라 보습력이 약간 증가하였다. 후코이단은 높은 안전성과 항산화력을 보였다. 후코이단의 보습력 및 항알레르기 효과를 평가하기 위해 아토피 환자 46명에게 후코이단 크림을 6주간 적용하였다. 증상 정도를 나타내는 IGA 값이 3.04에서 2.15로 감소해 39.8%의 증상개선 효과가 있었다.

• 생약학회지
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• 제50권2호
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• pp.86-95
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• 2019

In the present study, the effect of Z. jujuba Miller var. inermis Rehder extracts on the secretion of atopic dermatitis (AD)-related cytokines and hyaluronidase activity was investigated. We prepared four fractions, butylene glycol (JB), ethanol (JE), and water (JW), with Z. jujuba Miller var. inermis extracts. JW significantly reduced the secretion of interleukin-8 and JE reduced the secretion of tumor necrosis factor-alpha in human keratinocyte HaCaT cells. Also, hyaluronidase activity was measured by enzyme assay and the fractions inhibited the activity in a dose-dependent manner. In addition, the human dermal fibroblast, HDF-n cells were treated with the extracts and antioxidant activities were measured. The results showed that the extracts increased the free radical scavenging activity and the superoxide dismutase activity. Taken together, Z. jujuba Miller var. inermis extracts reduced the secretion of AD-related cytokines and inhibited the hyaluronidase. In addition, the extracts showed antioxidant activity.

• 대한본초학회지
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• 제24권3호
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• pp.97-102
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• 2009

Objectives : We determined the anti-inflammatory activity of KCNS-001 that is a herbal formula including 6 medicinal plants and that are used to mitigate atopic dermatitis in oriental medicine. Methods : To evaluate anti-inflammatory effect of KCNS-001, we measured the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), nitric oxide (NO) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) in LPS-activated Raw 264.7 cells. Cell viability was determined by MTT assay. The concentrations of ROS and relative level of NO were measured with DPPH assay and Griess reagent, respectively. COX-2 and TNF-$\alpha$ were detected by enzyme immuno assay (EIA) and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Results : ROS and NO production were reduced by KCNS-001 in a dose-dependent manner. KCNS-001 significantly inhibited activity of COX-2 and suppressed the release of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-$\alpha$). Conclusions : These results indicate that the KCNS-001 may have an anti-inflammatory agent for the treatment of various inflammatory disease.

• Toxicological Research
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• 제35권3호
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• pp.279-285
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• 2019

In this study, we investigated the therapeutic potential of Cinnamomum camphora leaves on allergic skin inflammation such as atopic dermatitis. We evaluated the effects of C. camphora leaves on human adult low-calcium high-temperature keratinocytes and atopic dermatitis mice. C. camphora leaves inhibited Macrophage-derived chemokine (an inflammatory chemokine) production in $interferon-{\gamma}$ (10 ng/mL) stimulated Human adult low-calcium high-temperature keratinocytes in a dose dependent manner. C. camphora leaves suppressed the phosphorylation of janus kinase signal transducer and activator of transcription 1. C. camphora leaves also suppressed the phosphorylation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2, a central signaling molecule in the inflammation process. These results suggest that C. camphora leaves exhibits anti-inflammatory effect via the phosphorylation of signal transducer and activator of transcription 1 and extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2. To study the advanced effects of C. camphora leaves on atopic dermatitis, we induced experimental atopic dermatitis in mice by applying 2,4-dinitrochlorobenzene. The group treated with C. camphora leaves (100 mg/kg) showed remarkable improvement of atopic dermatitis symptoms: reduced serum immunoglobulin E levels, smaller lymph nodes with reduced thickness and length, decreased ear edema, and reduced levels of inflammatory cell infiltration in the ears. Interestingly, the effects of C. camphora leaves on atopic dermatitis symptoms were stronger than those of hydrocort cream, a positive control. Taken together, C. camphora leaves showed alleviating effects on the inflammatory chemokine production in vitro and atopic dermatitis symptoms in vivo. These results suggest that C. camphora leaves help in the treatment of allergic inflammation such as atopic dermatitis.