• Analytical Science and Technology
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.91-104
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• 1997

Scutellariae radix has been used on the control of body fever as oriental medicine for thousand years. Analytical aspect for the main components of Scutellariae radix was set up improving sensitivity and resolution. The analysis of 3 different flavonoids present in Scutellariae radix-baicalin, baicalein, wogonin-was conducted by means of high performance liquid chromatography with ODS reverse phase column in conjunction with a Photo Diode Array UV detector(280nm) at $40^{\circ}C$. Mobile phase was carried out at 1mL/min, composed of acetonitrile and 0.1M phosphoric acid in the form of a gradient method. Under these circumstances the retention time for baicalin, baicalein, wogonin was 7.65, 11.65 and 14.12 minutes respectively. As a result for the efficiency on extraction of active ingredients with proposed analytical process according to it's growing districts, Sunchang in Junbuk for baicalin and Bulkyo in, Junnam for bicalein and wogonin have shown the best results. Even the extraction at room temperature was satisfactory. Among acids, 0.1M acetic acid revealed the best achievements. The mixture of acetonitrile and 0.2M phosphoric acid(75:25) has been shown the best efficiency as well as stability for the extraction of active ingredients.

• Applied Biological Chemistry
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• v.41 no.7
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• pp.516-521
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• 1998

Solubility patterns and gelatinization properties of two waxy rice starches, Sinsunchalbyeo and Hwasunchalbyeo, were investigated. Shapes of all starch granules were round and polygonal, and their X-ray diffraction patterns were all A type. Amylose content and water binding capacity of Sinsunchalbyeo were similar to those of Hwasunchalbyeo. The swelling powers and solubilities of two starches were increased with increasing temperature in range of $65{\sim}95^{\circ}C$, and those of Hwasunchalbyeo was higher. Iodine affinities of soluble fractions in Sinsunchalbyeo starch were higher than those in Hwasunchalbyeo at the same temperature and both were increased with increasing temperature. λmax of soluble fraction of Sinsunchalbyeo starch was highest at $75^{\circ}C$ of heating temperature. The transmittance of starch suspensions were increased rapidly at $60{\sim}65^{\circ}C$. By Rapid Visco Analyzer, initial gelatinization temperature of Sinsunchalbyeo was $67.2^{\circ}C$, and that of Hwasunchalbyeo was $68.2^{\circ}C$. In DSC analysis, onset temperature for gelatinization of Sinsunchalbyeo and Hwasunchalbyeo were $61.3^{\circ}C\;and\;62.9^{\circ}C$, respectively.

• Journal of Korea Society of Industrial Information Systems
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.17-24
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• 2014

In this paper, we propose a CMOS FM RX front-end structure with an automatic tunable input matching network and implement it using a 65nm CMOS technology. The proposed FM RX front-end is designed to change the resonance frequency of the input matching network at the low noise amplifier (LNA) according to the channel frequency selected by a phase-locked loop (PLL) for maintaining almost constant sensitivity level when an embedded antenna type with high frequency selectivity characteristic is used for FM receiver. The simulation results of implemented FM front-end show about 38dB of voltage gain, below 2.5dB of noise figure, and -15.5dBm of input referred intercept point (IIP3) respectively, while drawing only 3.5mA from 1.8V supply voltage including an LO buffer.

• Transactions on Electrical and Electronic Materials
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.65-69
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• 2015

Low level laser therapy (LLLT) has facilitated an improvement in acupuncture treatment. In this study, we stimulated Shaochong (HT9), Dadun (LR1), Shaohai (HT3), and Yingu (KI10) acupoints with pulsed laser diodes 532 nm [green laser] and 658 nm [red laser] in rats with induced middle cerebral artery occlusion(MCAO). The animals were divided into 6 groups: intact control; MCAO control without LLLT; LLLT with red laser at HT9·LR1 and HT3·KI10 (RR); LLLT with green laser at HT9·LR1 and HT3·KI10 (GG); LLLT with green laser at HT9·LR1 and red laser at HT3·KI10 (GR); and LLLT with red laser at HT9·LR1 and green laser at HT3·KI10 (RG). We evaluated the immunohistochemical changes in the hippocampal CA1 region, and complete blood count changes. Compared to the MCAO control group, the RG group showed a significant decrease in Bax and cytochrome c levels in the hippocampus, and a significant increase in hemoglobin level, hematocrit, total white blood cell, neutrophil, lymphocyte, monocyte, and erythrocyte counts.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics and Information Engineers
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• v.49 no.9
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• pp.244-250
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• 2012

This paper describes a 4-Gb/s receiver circuit for a low-swing ground-referenced differential signaling system. The receiver employs a common-gate level-shifter and a continuous linear equalizer which compensates inter-symbol-interference (ISI) and improves voltage and timing margins. A bias circuit maintains the bias current of the level-shifter when the common level of the input signal changes. The receiver is implemented with a low-power 65-nm CMOS technology. When 4-Gb/s 400mVp-p signals are transmitted to the receiver through the channel with the attenuation of -19.7dB, the timing margin based on bit error rate (BER) of $10^{-11}$ is 0.48UI and the power consumption is as low as 0.30mW/Gb/s.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics and Information Engineers
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• v.54 no.1
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• pp.26-32
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• 2017

This paper presents a low power and high resolution incremental delta-sigma ADC that utilizes a passive integrator instead of an opamp-based active integrator. Opamp is a power-hungry block that involves tight design tradeoffs. To avoid the use of active integrator, the s-domain characteristic of an active integrator is first analyzed. Based on the analysis, an active integrator with low gain design is proposed as an alternative design method. To save power even more aggressively, a passive integrator with no static current is proposed. A 1st order single-bit incremental delta-sigma ADC using the proposed passive integrator is implemented in a 65nm CMOS process. Transistor-level simulation shows that the ADC consumes only 0.6uW under 1.2V supply while achieving SNDR of 71dB with 22kHz bandwidth. The estimated total power consumption including digital filter is 6.25uW, and resulting power efficiency is on a par with state-of-the-art A/D converters.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics and Information Engineers
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• v.53 no.11
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• pp.66-70
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• 2016

This paper presents an 24 GHz I/Q LO generator for a heartbeat measurement radar system. In order to improve the mismatch performance between I and Q LO signals against process variation, a 24 GHz I/Q LO generator employing a low-pass phase shifter and a high-pass phase shifter composed of inductors and capacitors is proposed. The proposed 24 GHz I/Q LO generator consists of an LO buffer, a low-pass phase shifter and a high-pass phase shifter. It was designed using a 65 nm CMOS technology and draws 8 mA from a 1 V supply voltage. The proposed 24 GHz I/Q LO generator shows a gain of 7.5 dB, a noise figure of 2.3 dB, 0.1 dB gain mismatch and $4.3^{\circ}$ phase mismatch between I and Q-path against process and temperature variations for the operating frequencies from 24.05 GHz to 24.25 GHz.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea SD
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• v.43 no.7 s.349
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• pp.1-6
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• 2006

We show for the first time the optical properties of the selectively oxidized vertical cavity laser (VCL) - depleted optical thyristor (DOT), which has not only a low threshold current, but also a high sensitivity to the optical input light. In order to analyze their switching characteristics, nonlinear s-shaped current-voltage characteristics are calculated and the reverse full-depletion voltages (Vneg's) are obtained as function of semiconductor parameters by using a finite difference method (FDM). The selectively oxidized PnpN VCL-DOT clearly shows the nonlinear s-shaped current-voltage and lasing characteristics. A switching voltage of 5.24 V, a holding voltage of 1.50 V, a spectral response at 854.5 nm, and a very low threshold current of 0.65 mA is measured, making these devices attractive for optical processing applications.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.110-116
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• 2016

This paper describes 1.2-V 5-Gb/s scalable low voltage signaling(SLVS) differential transmitter(TX) with a digital impedance calibration and equalizer. The proposed transmitter consists of a phase-locked loop(PLL) with 4-phase output clock, a 4-to-1 serializer, a regulator, an output driver, and an equalizer driver for improvement of the signal integrity. A pseudo random bit sequence generator is implemented for a built-in self-test. The proposed SLVS transmitter provides the output differential swing level from 80mV to 500mV. The proposed SLVS transmitter is implemented by using a 65-nm CMOS with a 1.2-V supply. The measured peak-to-peak time jitter of the implemented SLVS TX is about 46.67 ps at the data rate of 5Gb/s. Its power consumption is 1.88 mW/Gb/s.

• Microbiology and Biotechnology Letters
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• v.36 no.4
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• pp.314-319
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• 2008

Penicillin G amidase (PGA, benzylpenicillinaminohydrolase, EC 3.5.1.11) is industrially important enzyme which converts penicillin G to 6-aminopenicillanic acid (6-APA) and phenylacetic acid (PAA). The PGA in E. coli ATCC 11105 is secreted into the periplasm after removing signal sequences and becomes heterodimer which composed of two subunits, small subunit (24 kDa) and large subunit (65 kDa). In this study, the PGA gene was obtained from E. coli ATCC 11105 using PCR (polymerase chain reaction) technique. The active PGA was successfully secreated into periplasm in E. coli BL2 1(DE3) harboring pET-pga plasmid. The optimized fed-batch fermentation, consisting of a three-step shift of culture temperature from $37^{\circ}C$ to $22^{\circ}C$, gave a productivity of 19.6 U/mL with a cell growth of 62 O.D. at 600 nm.