• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.27 no.6
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• pp.642-649
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• 2014

The antioxidant potentials of the methanol extract and its various fractions from Agrimonia pilosa Ledeb were measured as 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), and 2,2'-azinobis-(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid) (ABTS) radical scavenging abilities as well as the reducing power decreasing NO in vitro. The methanol extract of Agrimonia pilosa Ledeb showed significantly strong scavenging effects on free radicals of DPPH, ABTS, and NO. Hexane fraction (HF), ethyl acetate fraction (EF) and n-butyl alcohol fraction (BF) were prepared by solvent fractionation. By comparison of polyphenol contents among BF and HF, EF with high polyphenol contents showed the highest DPPH, ABTS, and NO scavenging effects with the value of 50.2%, 80.4%, and 65.7%, respectively, at the highest tested dose. HPLC analysis revealed the presence of various phenolic compounds in EF of Agrimonia pilosa Ledeb. These results suggest that EF could be considered as natural antioxidant sources and dietary nutritional supplements to prevent oxidation-related diseases.

• Food Science and Biotechnology
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• v.16 no.5
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• pp.802-806
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• 2007

There has been growing interest in the antioxidative and anticarcinogenic effects of vegetables. This study was aimed at evaluating the antioxidative and antiproliferative activities of 13 leafy vegetables consumed in Korea. New-beet and ornamental kale contained >1,000 mg of polyphenolics/100g fresh weight (FW), which was the greatest amount among the test vegetable extracts. Ornamental kale also contained the greatest amount (232.84 mg/100g FW) of flavonoids. With the exception of chicory, values of 1.1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and 2,2'-azinobis-(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid) (ABTS) radical scavenging activities showed similar trends. New-beet was found to be the greatest antioxidant among the test vegetable extracts. New-beet exhibited the highest antiproliferative activity (>60%) against all tumor cells. No relationship was found between antiproliferative activity and antioxidant contents or antioxidant activities among samples.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.361-367
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• 2013

Hizikia fusiformis has been widely used in Oriental herbal medicine and health food. To identify antioxidation properties that contain natural bioactive substances, we investigated the distribution of active compounds existing in batches of organic solvent fractionation. A dried form of H. fusiformis was subjected to sequential fractionation using n-hexane, ethyl acetate, n-BuOH, and aqueous n-BuOH. The results showed that among the four isolated fractions, the n-BuOH fraction showed the highest antioxidation activities. The n-BuOH fraction was applied to reserve-phase silica gel column chromatography, which produced three fractions: BA, BB, and BC. Among these fractions, BB showed the highest antioxidation activities, which increased in a concentration-dependent manner. At a concentration of 1.0 mg/ml n-BuOH fraction, the activities of DPPH (1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl) radical scavenging and reducing power were approximately $45{\pm}0.14%$ and $1.34{\pm}0.23$, respectively. In addition, the activities of ${\beta}$-carotene-linoleic acid, hydrogen peroxide scavenging, and ABTS (2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid)) radical scavenging were $76{\pm}0.12%$, $82{\pm}0.06%$, and $65{\pm}0.17%$, respectively. These findings suggest that the BB fraction contains potent antioxidation properties and that it could be used in the production of natural and functional foods.

• The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition
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• v.33 no.6
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• pp.737-746
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• 2020

In this study, we developed vinegar depending on the quantity consumed and type of peeled and unpeeled roots of Platycodon grandiflorum (PG) using Acetobacter pasteurianus A11-2, analyzed vinegar samples using colorimeter and HPLC for 15 days to assess the characteristics on quality, and evaluated their antioxidant activity using 1,1-diphenyl-2-picry1 hydrazy1 (DPPH) and 2.2'-azinobis-(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid) (ABTS) radical scavenging activities. The major result in PG vinegar was the high acidity of 6.39~6.74% and alcohol was totally converted on the 15th day of fermentation. When we fermented vinegar from peeled roots of 8% PG with a starter culture, we observed high contents of acetic acid, platycodin D, and total polyphenol and high antioxidant activity. Moreover, the vinegar fermented using 8% peeled roots of PG had the high intensity on umami and sour taste and low salty, bitter, and astringent tastes. Consequently, we could develop the PG vinegar with quality and functional characteristics from 8% peeled roots and A. pasteurianus A11-2.

• Food Science of Animal Resources
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• v.39 no.6
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• pp.966-979
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• 2019

Muscle-based by-products are often undervalued although commonly reported having a high amount of natural bioactive peptides. In this study, elastin was isolated from the protein of broiler hen skin while its hydrolysate was prepared using Elastase. Assessment of antioxidative properties of elastin-based hydrolysate (EBH) was based on three different assays; 2,2-diphenyl-1-picryl-hydrazyl-hydrate (DPPH) radical, 2,2'-azinobis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid) (ABTS) radical and metal chelating ability. The EBH was purified further using ultrafiltration, gel filtration and Reverse- Phase High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (RP-HPLC). The IC₅₀ of ABTS radical activities for EBH were decreased as EBH further purified using ultrafiltration (EBH III; 0.66 mg/mL)>gel filtration (EB-II; 0.42 mg/mL)>RP-HPLC (EB-II4; 0.12 mg/mL). The sequential identification of the peptide was done by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight/time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF/ TOF-MS) of the potent fractions obtained from RP-HPLC (EB-II4). The presence of hydrophobic amino acids (Val and Pro) in the peptide sequences could potentially contribute to the high antioxidant activity of EBH. The sequences GAHTGPRKPFKPR, GMPGFDVR and ADASVLPK were identified as antioxidant peptides. In conclusion, the antioxidative potential from poultry skin specifically from elastin is evident and can be explored to be used in many applications such as health and pharmaceutical purposes.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.44 no.11
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• pp.1660-1665
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• 2015

Oats (Avena sativa L.) were evaluated in recent years as a promising crop for increasing the nutritional quality of foods, due to their abundance in many bioactive compounds. The objectives of this study were to determine antioxidant compounds and antioxidant activities of nine oat cultivars and investigate the relationships between antioxidant compounds and antioxidant activities in oat cultivars. The contents of total polyphenolics and vitamin E in oat cultivars were analyzed by spectrophotometric methods and normal phase HPLC, respectively. 2,2'-Azino-bis-(3-ethylbenzothiazoline- 6-sulphonic acid) (ABTS) radical and 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging activities, reducing power, and chelating effects were used to compare the relative antioxidant activities of oat cultivars. In this study, total polyphenolic and vitamin E contents of oat cultivars ranged from 83.41 to 130.59 mg gallic acid equivalents/100 g and 0.54 to 1.90 mg/100 g, respectively. High levels of ABTS radical (116.14 mg Trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity (TEAC)/100 g) and DPPH radical (38.58 mg TEAC/100 g) scavenging activities and reducing power ($A_{700}=0.922$) were found in Daeyang. Significant correlation was evaluated between total polyphenolic contents and their antioxidant activities, namely ABTS and DPPH radical scavenging activities and reducing power. A low correlation was observed between vitamin E contents and their antioxidant activities. The results of this study could have an impact on oat consumption by enhancing consumer awareness of the health benefits of oats.

• Food Science and Preservation
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.98-106
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• 2018

Portulaca oleracea L., a species of Portulacaceae, is ubiquitous. It is a well-known traditional Chinese medicine for removing heat, counteracting toxicity, cooling blood, and maintaining hemostasia; it is also used as antidysentery agent. This study investigated the anti-oxidative and anti-inflammatory activities of water and ethanol extracts from P. oleracea. The total polyphenol content ($21.08{\pm}0.03mg\;GAE/g$) and total flavonoid content ($5.45{\pm}0.76mg\;QE/g$) of the ethanolic extracts were higher than those of the water extracts. The antioxidative activities were determined by evaluating the 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and the 2,2'-azinobis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid) (ABTS) radical scavenging activity and by the ferric reducing antioxidant potential (FRAP) assay. The ABTS radical scavenging activity of the water extract (75.53%) was higher in those of the water extract (67.03%) at concentration of $1,000{\mu}g/mL$. The DPPH radical scavenging activity and FRAP of the ethanol extract were higher than those of the water extract. We also investigated the anti-inflammatory activity of the P. oleracea extracts in LPS-stimulated Raw 264.7 cells. The production levels of nitric oxide (NO) and reactive oxygen species (ROS) significantly decreased with an increasing concentration of the extract. The expression levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines (tumor necrosis faction (TNF)-${\alpha}$, interleukin (IL)-$1{\beta}$, and IL-6) were significantly lower in the ethanol extract than in the LPS alone treatment group. Based on these results, ethanolic extract from P. oleracea could be an effective antioxidant and anti-inflammatory agent.

• Horticultural Science & Technology
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• v.30 no.3
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• pp.301-307
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• 2012

To develop high value added healthy functional resource from Korean mulberry, the bioactive compounds and antioxidant activities of three different mulberry cultivars were investigated and compared with blueberry and strawberry. Total phenolics, total flavonoids, and trans-resveratrol of 'Daesungppong' were the highest than the 'Suwonppong', whereas those of the strawberries were the lowest. In case of total anthocyanins, 'Daesungppong' was also the highest and followed by blueberry. The antioxidant activities of 'Daesungppong' using DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl), ABTS (2,2'-azinobis-(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid), and FRAP (Ferric reducing antioxidant power) assays were the highest followed by 'Suwonppong'. Meanwhile, there were no significant differences in the antioxidant activities between 'Cheongilppong' and blueberry, and the activities of strawberry were the lowest. Furthermore, there was a strong correlation (r = 0.764-0.897) between DPPH, ABTS, and FRAP assays with the bioactive compounds such as total phenolics, total flavonoids, and total anthocyanins. Therefore, Korean mulberry, especially 'Daesungppong' demonstrated interesting biological properties that suggest its use as a potential source and high value added of natural antioxidant compounds and antioxidant activity.

• Horticultural Science & Technology
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• v.32 no.1
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• pp.115-122
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• 2014

In order to select the raspberry cultivars that have high contents of bioactive constituents and high antioxidant activities, 7 cultivated and 2 wild raspberries which were selected and cultivated in the Bokbunja Institute were evaluated for their physicochemical characteristics, bioactive constituents, and antioxidant activities. The wild raspberry of Asan was the smallest among the sample raspberries but it had the highest sugar and lowest acid contents among the raspberries. Another wild raspberry of Ulleungdo had the highest total phenolic compound and ellagic acid contents, 182.97, $55.25mg{\cdot}100g^{-1}FW$, respectively, although it was small and had low sugar and high acid contents. Among the widely cultivated raspberry cultivars in Kimhae, 'Wangttal' cultivar was a big raspberry with 12.80% sugar content, and another unknown raspberry cultivar was as small as the wild raspberry with 14.60% sugar content. Although 'Wangttal' and the unknown raspberry cultivars cultivated in Kimhae possess lower contents of total phenolic compound (159.62, $165.94mg{\cdot}100g^{-1}$) and ellagic acid (45.7, $52.1mg{\cdot}100g^{-1}$ ) than the wild raspberry of Ulleungdo, the contents of total flavonoids (14.28, $14.90mg{\cdot}100g^{-1}$) and total anthocyanins (28.69, $30.48mg{\cdot}100g^{-1}$) were higher. Also the wild raspberry of Ulleungdo, 'Wangttal', and the unknown raspberry cultivar of Kimhae had higher antioxidant activities measured by FRAP (Ferric reducing antioxidant power), DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl), and ABTS (2,2' azinobis-(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid) assays. The present study shows that three raspberry cultivars could be potent resources for raspberry breeding and functional material development.

• Journal of Applied Biological Chemistry
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• v.60 no.2
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• pp.161-171
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• 2017

This study was aimed to evaluate and compare the proximate composition, antioxidant and antiproliferative activities of Sageretia thea (Osbeck) M.C.Johnst (S. thea) fruit and blueberry. The calorific value, crude protein, crude fat, crude ash, and carbohydrate were higher in S. thea fruit than in blueberry. S. thea fruit and blueberry have different profile of free sugars, in which amounts of fructose, glucose, and maltose were much higher in S. thea fruit than in blueberry. The methanol extracts of S. thea fruit contain higher amounts of total polyphenol and anthocyanin compared to those of blueberry extracts. In additions, 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), alkyl, and 2,2'-azinobis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid) (ABTS) radical scavenging activities are greater in S. thea fruit extracts. Ethyl acetate fractions and n-butanol fractions of S. thea fruit and blueberry show the most potent scavenging activity in DPPH-, alkyl-, and ABTS-radical scavenging assay. The ethyl acetate fractions of S. thea fruit and blueberry are the richest fraction in polyphenol contents while the n-butanol fractions of those are the highest fraction in anthocyanin contents. Furthermore, both S. thea fruit and blueberry extracts protect human dermal fibroblast cells against a $H_2O_2$-induced oxidative stress. The antiproliferative activities of n-hexane and chloroform fraction from S. thea fruit and blueberry were observed in AGS human gastric cancer and MDA-MB-231 human breast cancer cells. Therefore, our results suggest for the first time that the antioxidant and antiproliferative activities of S. thea fruit is comparable to that of blueberry and the nutritional value of the former is even superior to that of the latter.