Browse > Article
http://dx.doi.org/10.11002/kjfp.2018.25.1.98

Antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities of water extracts and ethanol extracts from Portulaca oleracea L.  

Kim, Dong-Gyu (Namhae Garlic Research Institute)
Shin, Jung-Hye (Namhae Garlic Research Institute)
Kang, Min-Jung (Namhae Garlic Research Institute)
Publication Information
Food Science and Preservation / v.25, no.1, 2018 , pp. 98-106 More about this Journal
Abstract
Portulaca oleracea L., a species of Portulacaceae, is ubiquitous. It is a well-known traditional Chinese medicine for removing heat, counteracting toxicity, cooling blood, and maintaining hemostasia; it is also used as antidysentery agent. This study investigated the anti-oxidative and anti-inflammatory activities of water and ethanol extracts from P. oleracea. The total polyphenol content ($21.08{\pm}0.03mg\;GAE/g$) and total flavonoid content ($5.45{\pm}0.76mg\;QE/g$) of the ethanolic extracts were higher than those of the water extracts. The antioxidative activities were determined by evaluating the 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and the 2,2'-azinobis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid) (ABTS) radical scavenging activity and by the ferric reducing antioxidant potential (FRAP) assay. The ABTS radical scavenging activity of the water extract (75.53%) was higher in those of the water extract (67.03%) at concentration of $1,000{\mu}g/mL$. The DPPH radical scavenging activity and FRAP of the ethanol extract were higher than those of the water extract. We also investigated the anti-inflammatory activity of the P. oleracea extracts in LPS-stimulated Raw 264.7 cells. The production levels of nitric oxide (NO) and reactive oxygen species (ROS) significantly decreased with an increasing concentration of the extract. The expression levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines (tumor necrosis faction (TNF)-${\alpha}$, interleukin (IL)-$1{\beta}$, and IL-6) were significantly lower in the ethanol extract than in the LPS alone treatment group. Based on these results, ethanolic extract from P. oleracea could be an effective antioxidant and anti-inflammatory agent.
Keywords
Portulaca oleracea; antioxidant effect; anti-inflammatory effect; pro-inflammatory cytokine;
Citations & Related Records
연도 인용수 순위
  • Reference
1 Shahidi F, Naczk M (2003) Phenolic in food and nutraceuticals: sources, applications and health effects. CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL, England, p 235-289
2 Cha JY, Kim HJ, Chung CH, Cho YS (1999) Antioxidative activities and contents of polyphenolic compounds of Cudrania tricuspidata. J Korean Soc Food Sci Nutr, 28, 1310-1315
3 Carlo GD, Mascolo N, Izzo AA, Capasso F (1999) Flavonoids: Old and new aspects of a class of natural therapeutic drugs. Life Sci, 65, 337-353
4 Cowan MM (1999) Plant products as antimicrobial agents. Clin Microbiol Rev, 12, 564-582
5 Hemaiswarya S, Kruthiventi AK, Doble M (2008) Synergism between natural products and antibiotics against infectious diseases. Phytomedicine, 15, 639-652
6 Kim DH, Jeong GT (2014) Antimicrobial and antioxidant activities of extracts of marine greenalgae Enteromorpha intestinalis. KSBB J, 29, 92-97
7 Park SH, Kim DK, Bae JH (2011) The antioxidant effect of Portulaca oleracea extracts and its antimicrobial activity on Helicobacter pylori. Korean J Food & Nutr, 24, 306-311
8 Miliauskas G, Venskutonis PR, Van Beek TA (2004) Screening of radical scavenging activity of some medicinal and aromatic plant extracts. Food Chem, 85, 231-237
9 Reis FS, Martins A, Barros L, Ferreira IC (2012) Antioxidant properties and phenolic profile of the most widely appreciated cultivated mushrooms: a comparative study between in vivo and in vitro samples. Food Chem Toxicol, 50, 1201-1207
10 In JP, Shin JM, Hur SJ, Lee SK (2014) Antioxidative, antimicrobial and anticytotoxic activities of seungmagalgeuntang and fermented seungmagalgeuntang. J Korean Soc Food Sci Nutr, 43, 980-988
11 Kang KM, Lee SH (2013) Effects of extraction methods on the antioxidative activity of Artemisia sp.. J Korean Soc Food Sci Nutr, 42, 1249-1254
12 Ren W, Qiao Z, Wang H, Zhu L, Zhang L (2003) Flavonoids: Promising anticancer agents. Med Res Rev, 23, 519-534
13 Kim YH, Lee MJ, Lee HS, Kim JG, Park WH (2011) Suppressive effect of Euryale ferox salisbury extracts on inflammatory response in LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells through the antioxidative mechanism. Korean J Oriental Physiology Pathology, 25, 202-211
14 Lee SM, You YH, Kim KM, Park JJ, Jeong CS, Jhon DY, Jun WJ (2012) Antioxidant activities of native Gwangyang Rubus coreanus Miq. J Korean Soc Food Sci Nutr, 41, 327-332
15 Oztuurk A, Ozbek H (2005) The anti-inflammatory activity of eugenia caryophyllata essential oil: an animal model of anti-inflammatory activity. Eur J Gen Med, 2, 159-163
16 Lee DS, Choi HG, Kim KS, Kim DC, Min HK, Li B, Kim JS, Park JH, Oh HC, Kim YC (2012) The comparison between Sabaek-san water and 30% EtOH extracts for anti-inflammatory effects. Yakhak Hoeji, 56, 240-247
17 Aktan F (2004) iNOS-mediated nitric oxide production and its regulation. Life Sci, 75, 639-653
18 Park EY, Yang KS (2008) Inhibition of nitric oxide production by the extracts of Hibiscus manihot. Yakhak Hoeji, 52, 259-263
19 Lee ES, Ku HK, Moon TC, Lee E, Jahng Y, Lee SH, Son JK, Baek SH, Chang HW (2004) Inhibition of nitric oxide and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) production by propenone compound through block ade of nuclear factor(NF)-kappa B activation in cultured murine macrophages. Bio Pharm Bull, 27, 617-620
20 Hinz B, Brune K (2002) Cyclooxygenase-2 10 years later. J Pharmacol Exp Ther, 300, 367-375
21 Feldmann M, Brennan FM, Maini RN (1996) Role of cytokine in rheumatoid arthritis. Annu Rev Immunol, 14, 397-440
22 Xin HL, Xu YF, Hou YH, Zhang YN, Yue XQ, Lu JC, Ling CQ (2008) Two novel triterpenoids from Portulaca oleracea L.. Helv Chim Acta, 11, 2075-2080
23 Lee SJ, Lee BD, Jeon MR, Kim YJ, Kim MR (2015) Storage characteristics and retrogradation properties of Sulgidduk sdded with Portulaca oleracea L.. J Korean Soc Food Sci Nutr, 44, 1517-1524
24 Zhang R, Lee HJ, Yoon YM, Kim SM, Kim HS, Li SH, An SK (2009) The melanin inhibition, anti-aging and anti-inflammation effects of Portulaca oleracea extracts on cells. KSBB Joural, 24, 397-402
25 Feng PC, Haynes LJ, Magnus KE (1961) High concentration of(-)-Noraderenaline in Portulaca Oleracea L.. Nature, 191, 1108-1110
26 Lei X, Li J, Liu B, Zhang N, Liu H (2015) Separation and identification of four new compounds with antibacterial activity from Portulaca oleracea L.. Molecules, 20, 16375-16387
27 Xu X, Chen G (2006) Determination of flavonoids in Portulaca oleracea L. by capillary electrophoresis with electrochemical detection. J Pharm Biomed Anal, 41, 493-499
28 Liu D, Shen T, Xiang L (2011) Two antioxidant alkaloids from Portulaca oleracea L.. Helv Chim Acta, 3, 497-501
29 Oh KB, Chang IM, Hwang KJ, Mar W (2000) Detection of antifungal activity in Portulaca oleracea by a single-cell bioassay system. Phytother Res, 5, 329-332
30 Abdel Moneim AE (2013) The neuroprotective effects of purslane (Portulaca oleracea) on rotenone-induced biochemical changes and apoptosis in brain of rat. CNS Neurol Disord Drug Targets, 12, 830-841
31 Fujihara M, Muroi M, Tanamoto K, Suzuki T, Azuma H, Ikeda H (2003) Molecular mechanisms of macrophage activation and deactivation by lipopolysaccharide : roles of the receptor complex. Pharmacol Ther, 100, 171-194
32 Zhao R, Gao X, Cai Y, Shao X, Jia G, Huang Y, Qin X, Wang J, Zheng X (2013) Antitumor activity of Portulaca oleracea L. polysaccharides against cervical carcinoma in vitro and in vivo. Carbohydr Polym, 2, 376-383
33 Pyee Y, Chung HJ, Choi TJ, Park HJ, Hong JY, Kim JS, Kang SS, Lee SK (2014) Suppression of inflammatory responses by handelin, a guaianolide dimer from Chrysanthemum boreale, via downregulation of NF-${\kappa}B$ signaling and pro-inflammatory cytokine production. J Nat Prod, 4, 917-924
34 Kvietys PR, Granger DN (2012) Role of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species in the vascular responses to inflammation. Free Radic Biol Med, 3, 556-592
35 Tak PP, Firestein GS (2001) NF-kappa B: a key role in inflammatory diseases. J Clin Invest, 107, 7-11
36 Kang SW (2013) Role of reactive oxygen species in cell death pathways. Hanyang Med Rev, 33, 77-82
37 Kim DG, Kang MJ, Hong, SS, Choi YH, Shin JH (2017) Antiinflammatory effects of functionally active compounds isolated from aged black garlic. Phytother Res, 31, 53-61
38 Comalada M, Lloberas J, Celada A (2012) MKP-1: a critical phosphatase in the biology of macrophages controlling the switch between proliferation and activation. Eur J Immunol, 8, 1938-1948
39 Camello-Almaraz C, Gomerz-Pinilla PJ, Pozo MJ, Camello PJ (2006) Mitochondrial reactive oxygen species and $Ca^{2+}$ signaling. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol, 291, 1082-1088
40 Waris G, Ahsan H (2006) Reactive oxygen species: role in the development of cancer and various chronic conditions. J Carcinogenesis, 5, 1477-1493
41 Ozer A, Ergul BK, Sezai S (2005) Oxidative stress in patients with acne vulgaris. Mediators Inflammation, 6, 380-384
42 Cha EJ, Pyo MY, Yang KS, Kim AK (2008) Effect of Phellinus Linteus extract on the activity of antioxidant enzyme. Cancer Prev Res, 13, 311-315
43 Park JH, Kweon GR (2013) Clinical applications of antioxidants. Hanyang Med Rev, 33, 130-136
44 Hwang JH, Park KY, Oh YS, Lim SB (2013) Phenolic compound content and antioxidant activity of citrus peels. J Korean Soc Food Sci Nutr, 42, 153-160
45 Folin O, Denis W (1915) A colorimetric method for determination of phenols (and phenol derivatives) in urine. J Biol Chem, 22, 305-308
46 Moreno MI, Isla MI, Sampietro AR, Vattuone MA (2000) Comparison of the free radical scavenging activity of propolis from several regions of Argentina. J Enthrophamacol, 71, 109-114
47 Blois MS (1958) Antioxidant determinations by the use of a stable free radical. Nature, 181, 1199-1200
48 Re R, Pellegrini N, Proteggente A, Pannala A, Yang M, Rice-Evans C (1999) Antioxidant activity applying an improved ABTs radical cation decolorization assay. Free Radic Biol Med, 26, 1231-1237