• Journal of the Korean Institute of Traditional Landscape Architecture
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• v.33 no.4
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• pp.166-175
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• 2015

Nowadays, in the European countries, landscape is spoken of its importance as often as environment, by those who are engaged in such fields as politics, administration, research and civil society. In Korea, while recognizing such an international trend, academics and administrators have made a series of efforts to reflect landscape concept on a variety of policies. However, it is recognized that the effects of these policies have not been satisfactory. Under these circumstances, this paper aims to examine the complex values and multiple meanings in the landscape, which have been discussed by landscape experts in the European countries. Then, it aims to the explore the future direction of policy and research on the landscape to be pursued in Korea, where there is relatively less interest in the issues of landscape. It is argued that landscape should be approached and understood from a holistic perspective, because it is a very complex concept with multiple meanings that have been coined differently depending on the situation. All the academic fields, involved in the landscape research, should try in co-operation to develop the comprehensive approach rather than the inter- and multi-disciplinary approach to the landscape study. In Korea, moreover, it is also necessary in the legislation to recognize the fact that degradation and retreat in the quality of landscape would make a negative effect on the quality of human daily life. Natural and cultural heritages contained in the rural landscape are also now in danger of disappearing. These heritages, therefore, should become an important subject for research and policy on landscape before the countryside is completely evacuated after the aging population die out. To make this happen, it is very urgent that evaluation and classification of landscape character should be undertaken from the holistic perspective, which is equipped with a methodology overcoming as well as encompassing the boundaries of academic fields. It is also equally very urgent that education on landscape should be provided to the politicians, citizens and students as well as the officials dealing with landscape matters. Finally, government should strive to make the landscape concept penetrate deeply as well as widely into the spatial planning and legislation process while designing and implementing a comprehensive landscape policy at the national level.

• Proceedings of the Korea Contents Association Conference
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• 2006.11a
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• pp.145-148
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• 2006

This study aimed at preventing women from suffering from health problems and stress due to excessive lookism and encouraging them to participate in sports activities to form desirable body image and eventually to live a healthy and sound life. To achieve this goal, this study formed a population with members of sports centers located in Seoul and Daejeon areas as of 2006 and made a sample of 450 participants in physical exercise at a sports center through stratified cluster random sampling and that of 450 non-participants through a survey with mothers and sisters of those students from elementary and secondary schools within the areas for sampling the participants' group, thereby analyzing the data on a total of 900 persons. A questionnaire was used as a tool to collect data; a reliability test presented weight-, health-, and figure-related factors as a=.807, a=.819, and a=.784, respectively. This study used such statistical analysis methods as t-test, One-way ANOVA, and the Analysis of Covariance to analyze data. This study produced the following conclusions through these research methods and procedure. Pticipation in physical exercise has a positive effect on body image. Pticipation in physical exercise at a sports center show higher satisfaction with body image than non-participats.

• Sleep Medicine and Psychophysiology
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.95-99
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• 2004

Objectives: Although many studies on seasonal variations in mood and behavior have been carried out in foreign countries, no such study has previously been undertaken in Korea. The goal of this study was to estimate the frequency of seasonal variations in mood and behavior among Korean medical students. Methods: 297 medical students from Korea University College of Medicine participated in this study. The subjects were surveyed with a Korean translation of the Seasonal Pattern Assessment Questionnaire (SPAQ), and their responses were evaluated for seasonal patterns of mood and behavioral change, including seasonal affective disorder (SAD) and subsyndromal seasonal affective disorder (S-SAD), derived from the case-finding criteria of Kasper et al. Results: The mean global seasonality score was 6.6 (SD=3.6). 83.5% (N=248) of the subjects reported some changes in behavior and mood associated with the seasons. Only 3.7% (N=11) reported no behavioral changes across the seasons. Total prevalence rates were 15.2% for SAD, and 2.7% for S-SAD. The estimated frequencies were 3.0% for summer SAD, 2.7% for summer S-SAD, 11.4% for winter SAD, and 5.8% for winter S-SAD. The prevalence rates for winter SAD or S-SAD were higher than the prevalence rates for summer SAD or S-SAD. Conclusion: These results suggest that seasonal variations in mood and behavior are common among Koreans. The higher prevalence rate of winter SAD or S-SAD than summer SAD or S-SAD is consistent with most western studies and stands in contrasts to studies in other Asian countries, such as Japan and China.

• Sleep Medicine and Psychophysiology
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.55-61
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• 2017

Objectives: Suicide is one of the leading causes of death among young adults. We investigated whether anxiety level and sleep quality were related to suicide ideation among university students. Methods: Questionnaires were distributed to 1094 students at a local college. The scale for suicide Ideation, the Hospital Anxiety-Depression scale, the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, and Morningness-eveningness questionnaires were used. Multiple linear regression analysis was conducted to examine the relationship between these variables and suicide ideation. Results: Among the 292 students who answered the suicide ideation questionnaire, 31 students had a high suicide ideation score and 261 patients had a low suicide ideation score. Demographic variables that showed significant differences between the two groups were gender, exercise, chronotype, sleep quality, depression and anxiety. The results of multiple linear regression analysis showed that suicidal ideation increased as the level of sleep quality decreased. There was no significant relationship between depression and suicidal ideation. Another multiple linear regression analysis was performed to evaluate the relationship between sleep quality sleep related factors. This suggested the quality of sleep decreased as weekend oversleep increased. Conclusion: The results of this study showed that when anxiety was higher and the quality of sleep was lower, the more suicide ideation increased. Therefore, improving sleep quality and reducing anxiety are important strategies for reducing suicidal ideation.

• Journal of Hospice and Palliative Care
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.133-143
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• 2003

Purpose : Amont the various issues concerning bio-ethics, the concern on euthanasia has increased along with the development of medical technology. Thus, the general public tends to have more liberal opinion. They have detail research data and real practices in US, Europe and Australia, but we lack such studies in our country. This study was undertaken to address the need of studies on the recognition of euthanasia among the public because the existing studies have been focused on the medical staff. Methods : Survey 413 people the age of 17 or more, from May to July 2000. Testify the data on the variation of demography and the recognition of euthanasia by using SAS 6.12, the statistic program. Results : 304 people (73.6%) think that euthanasia should be legislated, 156 people (37.8%) permit euthanasia to the rage of voluntary one, and 234 people (56.6%) permit passive euthanasia. When the subject of voluntary euthanasia was himself, more people whose age is 35 or more (P=0.001) responded that they will undertake euthanasia. And, on issues related to the passive euthanasia, one's educational background (P=0.046) and economic power (P=0.040) arrangement showed significant differences. When the subject of voluntary euthanasia is other people, more people whose age is 35 or more than 35 (P=0.001), whose sex is male (P=0.001), and married people (P=0.002) were for allowing the matter. For the subject of passive euthanasia, survey participant's occupation (P=0.016) created meaningful difference. More people whose age is 35 or more than 35 responded that they want voluntary euthanasia for themselves (P=0.001), and in the case when euthanasia is legislated, marital status (P=0.002) also shows meaningful difference. Passive euthanasia is permitted by the more people whose age is less than 35 for respondents other people (P=0.001), marital status show meaningful difference in case for respondent himself. In the case of legal euthanasia is more people whose age is 35 or more than 35 (P=0.001), sex is male (P=0.004) and more married people (P=0.001) responded that they want voluntary euthanasia for other people. And, age (P=0.002), sex (P=0.001), education (P=0.025) and economic power (P=0.001) show meaningful difference for case the subject of passive euthanasia. Conclusion : Most of general public responded that the legislation on euthanasia is required; and, age, education and economic power seem to have an influence on their decisions on euthanasia. Not only such a study of demographic and sociological correlation; but, various basic data on the legislation of euthanasia are needed.

• Korean Journal of Clinical Laboratory Science
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• v.49 no.3
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• pp.300-307
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• 2017

Electroencephalography (EEG) is distinct from other medical imaging tests in that it is a functional test that helps to diagnosis disorders related to the brain, such as epilepsy. The most important abilities for a medical technologist when performing an EEG are knowing the exact location of the electrode and recording the EEG wave clearly, except for artifacts. Although theoretical education and practical training are both included in the curriculum for improving these abilities, sufficient practical training has been lacking due to problems like expensive equipment and insufficient practical training time. We try to solve these issues by manufacturing the training 10-20 electrode system and by estimating the efficiency and satisfaction of the training 10-20 electrode system through a questionnaire. The time required for practical training using this system was $43.58{\pm}9.647min$, which proved to be efficient. The satisfaction score of participants who experienced curriculum practical training was improved from $7.21{\pm}2.285$ to $9.46{\pm}1.166$. Based on these findings, it is considered that practical training via the use of the training 10-20 electrode system will solve the problems, such as lack of equipment and insufficient practical training time. Nonetheless, to further improve the training 10-20 electrode system, it must overcome the limitations of developing a device capable of checking the actual brain waves and validating the exact location of electrode attachment.

• Journal of Korean Home Economics Education Association
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.139-160
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• 2011

The purpose of this study is twofold: (i) to develop a teaching and learning plan and practical performance assessment tools for the improvement of teenager-parent communication and relationships as well as explore their effects on the communication in the everyday family life; and (ii) to find the underlying problems of teenager- parent communication through conversation analysis and to provide a improved dialogue model. We provided the experimental group with a performance task of communication training between teenagers and their parents in the real family situation while the control group practiced communication skills in a learning situation. However for both classes, before and after performance tasks were equally provided. The experimental group exhibited a longer conversation time with their parents, better communication skills, and higher degrees of relational satisfaction than the control group. Conversation analysis revealed that the experimental group reduced the use of blocking techniques in the teenager-parent conversations more than the control group, and all so raised the frequency of functional communications more than the control group. In both areas of communication in the experimental group was significantly improved, Most notably, a problem-solving case through no-lose conflict resolution methods was effective, succeeding by 70% in the e experimental group and 43.3% in the control group. Parents use blocking techniques like admonition, lecturing, blaming. sarcastic remarking, ordering and so forth, while teenagers use dispute, avoidance, blaming, and teasing in this order. The communication problems during the conversation process, teenagers' evasive and rebellious way of speaking instigates adverse communication responses from parents, so their conversation tends to unfold as ambiguous evasion opposed to: inquiring or evasion by short answers vs. ordering-preaching, or disputing vs. criticizing-making sarcastic, disputing vs. disputing-teaching, and criticizing vs. criticizing.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.37 no.6
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• pp.12-18
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• 2010

This study was carried out in order to propose a planning index for improved school forests in Gyeonggido. For the purpose of this study we selected 42 out of 75 school forests established during 2005 in Gyeonggido. All 42 school forests were surveyed and analyzed by frequency, cross tabulation, and group average analysis with SPSS 12.0 version. The present condition of the school forests was analyzed with in conjunction with items such as the surrounding environment, centralization, and locational characteristics as nominal points. Other items: trees, shrubs, pavement, fruit trees, transplantation, evergreen trees, and recreation facility content percentage were analyzed as a proportion point. After reviewing the literature and analyzing the present condition of school forests, we constructed a conceptual framework and formulated a hypothesis for this research. Data were obtained through a questionnaire, given to 98 students majoring in landscape architecture at Hankyong University in 2007. Results showed that the primary variables for tree health were soil compaction and the depth of soil filling. They were the most serious factors that deteriorate the health of trees. Based on the relationship between tree health and growing conditions, trees inside the school forest should be managed to provide more growing space and less abuse. The minimum area for trees inside the school forest for good growth conditions should be within the drip lines. We have found that the minimum percentage of tree content is 0.13, which means that more than 130 trees need to be planted over $1,000m^2$ green space. More than 3,580 shrubs need to be planted over $1,000m^2$ green space. The pavement area should be controlled to less than 19% of the total size of the school forest area. Finally, more than 39 trees out of 100 trees planted should be evergreen. The research results suggest that the construction planning index of Gyeonggido school forest be recommended in the planning and development process of the construction project carried out every year.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.48 no.1
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• pp.105-112
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• 2015

Purpose: This study analyzed the eco-foodservice perception and satisfaction of 344 elementary school parents in Jeju surveyed from February 1~12, 2010, with the aim of providing basic data for quality improvement of eco-foodservice in Jeju. Methods: The data were analyzed by descriptive analysis, ${\chi}^2$-test, t-test, ANOVA, and Pearson's correlation coefficients, using the SPSS Win program (version 12.0). Results: Regarding awareness of eco-friendly food materials of subjects, average score was 3.52 points (out of 5 scales) and 'difference between eco-friendly and general agricultural products (3.76)' showed the highest score whereas 'assurance standard and label of eco-friendly agricultural products (3.31)' showed the lowest score. In terms of the recognition of eco-foodservice implementation, 75.0% of parents were aware of it. Regarding the eco-foodservice satisfaction of the subjects, average score was 3.88 points (out of 5 scales) and food safety (3.98 points) showed the highest score whereas food taste (3.70 points) showed the lowest score. The eco-foodservice perception of subjects showed positive correlation with their eco-foodservice satisfaction. Conclusion: It is necessary for the government and the local government to provide continuing education for school parents in order to enhance their perception of eco-friendly food materials. In addition, systematic and appropriate government support is needed in order to ensure internal stability of eco-foodservice.

• Journal of Music and Human Behavior
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.1-17
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• 2007

Huge growth in developmental level, new accomplishment, and The period of adolescents is not only the transition stage but also improvement of academic level. In this level of stage, adolescents have difficulties in development, so they show psychological abnormality such as stress and depression. They could develop mental disorder such as depression or anxiety if they do not overcome the abnormality. According to the situation of the insufficiency of the decent program for adolescents' mental health in the current society, we are strongly requested to develop the psycho-therapeutic program for them. Therefore, in this study, we examined the effect of the musical activities as blues music structure on the improvement of the Self-Efficacy in the female middle school students who have depressive tendencies as well as what they experienced through the activities. The 3 participants were selected out of 70 students in the first year at the "D" middle school in Seoul by being tested with Child Depression Inventory(CDI) and Self-Efficacy Scale(SES). The musical activities were built with 3 steps. Of which, the first one was the introduction to each other, the formation of rapport, and induction of their interests to the musical activities through blues. The second one was letting participants learn the blues music structure by practice and play assigned music(including improvisation) during later 5 sessions with different difficulties at each session. The third one was giving them opportunities to play a music out of the acquired ones during the session or creative music by their own, which results in maximizing musical activities and an acquired experience. As a result, first of all, the scores of CDI test of 3 participants in 10 time sessions showed slight changes, suggesting the negative correlation between CDI and SES even though changes were not big differences. Secondly, the scores of SES test of 3 subjects in 10 time sessions were all changed and especially preference for tasking was significant. Thirdly, the scores of SES for musical playing test of 3 participants in 10 time sessions were all changed and especially preference for musical tasking was significant shown. Finally, according to answers of 3 participants in 10 time sessions for the after questionnaire on musical activities, participants experienced affirmative self-confidence and positive emotion. Taken together, it was suggested that musical activities using blues music structure could be promising therapeutic intervention method.