• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship
• /
• v.10 no.3
• /
• pp.61-74
• /
• 2015

This study attempts to empirically examine the influence of entrepreneurial education in university on entrepreneurial intentions of undergraduate and graduate students as potential entrepreneur and new moderating factors on the relationship between entrepreneurial education and entrepreneurial intentions. We suggested EO(innovativeness, risk-taking propensity, proactiveness and locus of control) and environmental factors(entrepreneurial family background and resource accessibility) as new moderating factors in the relationship. For this study, the following research questions are raised : First, is there a significant difference in entrepreneurial intentions of enrolled and unenrolled students in entrepreneurial education? Second, does entrepreneurial education affect entrepreneurial intentions positively? Finally, do EO and environmental factors have moderating effects in the relationship between entrepreneurial education and entrepreneurial intentions? In order to test our research model, the current study collected data from 265 undergraduate and graduate students who are majoring in natural sciences or engineering in Seoul National Univ., Hanyang Univ., and KAIST. To investigate our research questions and hypotheses, independent-sample T-test and hierarchical regression analysis were employed. The results of empirical analysis revealed that entrepreneurial education positively related to entrepreneurial intentions and that the relationship between entrepreneurial education and entrepreneurial intentions moderated by EO and environmental factors. First, the result showed the significant difference in entrepreneurial intentions between enrolled and unenrolled students in entrepreneurial education. Entrepreneurial intentions of students who enrolled entrepreneurial education was higher than others. Second, entrepreneurial education affected the entrepreneurial intentions positively. Finally, the moderating effects of innovativeness, risk-taking propensity, proactiveness and entrepreneurial family background among investigated six moderators were significant. entrepreneurial education-entrepreneurial intentions relationship was even stronger under high innovativeness and high proactiveness. But risk-taking propensity and entrepreneurial family background decreased the effect of entrepreneurial education on entrepreneurial intentions.

• Journal of Gifted/Talented Education
• /
• v.22 no.1
• /
• pp.1-21
• /
• 2012

The objective of this study is to suggest improvement plan for invention gifted education based on the awareness of teachers and professionals who related to the invention gifted education for the expansion and development of invention gifted education through improvement of relevant problems. To this end, invention gifted education system and its operational status were analyzed, and questionnaire survey on the awareness of the development plan and satisfaction level was conducted, targeting professionals related to the invention gifted education and teachers in charge of invention gifted education classes or gifted education center. The research results are as follows. First, the level of satisfaction on the invention gifted education was greater than normal (M=3.0) in general, but in the field of 'educational materials', 'teacher training programs' and 'human and material support system of support agencies', the level of satisfaction was relatively low, which requires expansion of the support. Second, it is necessary for Korean Intellectual Property Office and Korea Invention Promotion Association to designate and establish specialized research institution to play a key role in enhancing development and efficiency of invention gifted education. As a result of the questionnaire survey, it turned out that expectation and necessity of the specialized research agency was highly recognized. In particular, demand for 'research and development of gifted education method and materials' and 'research and development of teacher training materials and implementation of teacher training' was high among the key areas of the specialized research institution. Third, teachers and professionals related to the invention gifted education responded that 'invention knowledge' in the areas of invention knowledge and thinking and 'entrepreneurship' in the area of invention attitude was somewhat low toward the question on the level of the 9 characteristics of gifted students with invention talents which current beneficiaries of invention gifted education have, which leads to conclusion that review on the model for the selection of gifted children with invention talents as well as research and development of invention gifted education program to enhance characteristics with low levels is required. If long-term development plans and initiatives are deduced based on this, an effective framework for the invention gifted education will be established in the near future. In addition, it is expected that the differentiated political visions and goals will be established in connection with master plan for the promotion of gifted education.

• Journal of Music and Human Behavior
• /
• v.4 no.2
• /
• pp.1-17
• /
• 2007

Huge growth in developmental level, new accomplishment, and The period of adolescents is not only the transition stage but also improvement of academic level. In this level of stage, adolescents have difficulties in development, so they show psychological abnormality such as stress and depression. They could develop mental disorder such as depression or anxiety if they do not overcome the abnormality. According to the situation of the insufficiency of the decent program for adolescents' mental health in the current society, we are strongly requested to develop the psycho-therapeutic program for them. Therefore, in this study, we examined the effect of the musical activities as blues music structure on the improvement of the Self-Efficacy in the female middle school students who have depressive tendencies as well as what they experienced through the activities. The 3 participants were selected out of 70 students in the first year at the "D" middle school in Seoul by being tested with Child Depression Inventory(CDI) and Self-Efficacy Scale(SES). The musical activities were built with 3 steps. Of which, the first one was the introduction to each other, the formation of rapport, and induction of their interests to the musical activities through blues. The second one was letting participants learn the blues music structure by practice and play assigned music(including improvisation) during later 5 sessions with different difficulties at each session. The third one was giving them opportunities to play a music out of the acquired ones during the session or creative music by their own, which results in maximizing musical activities and an acquired experience. As a result, first of all, the scores of CDI test of 3 participants in 10 time sessions showed slight changes, suggesting the negative correlation between CDI and SES even though changes were not big differences. Secondly, the scores of SES test of 3 subjects in 10 time sessions were all changed and especially preference for tasking was significant. Thirdly, the scores of SES for musical playing test of 3 participants in 10 time sessions were all changed and especially preference for musical tasking was significant shown. Finally, according to answers of 3 participants in 10 time sessions for the after questionnaire on musical activities, participants experienced affirmative self-confidence and positive emotion. Taken together, it was suggested that musical activities using blues music structure could be promising therapeutic intervention method.

• Korean Journal of Psychosomatic Medicine
• /
• v.18 no.2
• /
• pp.62-71
• /
• 2010

Objectives : The aim of the study was to investigate the prevalence by gender and to evaluate associations of depression, anxiety and sleep disturbances in a large sample of adolescents from the general population. Methods : 1422 subjects, aged 14 years students were recruited in the seven middle-school of the local community. The self-report questionnaire(Children's Depression Inventory : CDI, Beck Anxiety Inventory : BAI and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index : PSQI) was used for screening depression, anxiety and sleep disturbances in adolescent. CDI, BAI, and PSQI score was categorized into the following quartiles : $\leq$21, 22-25, 26-28, and $\geq$29 ; $\leq$21, 22-26, 27-31, and $\geq$32 ; $\geq$5, <5. The cut-off score is that CDI is 22, BAI is 22 and PSQI is 5. The result was analyzed using the independent t-test, the chi-square test and logistic regression analyses. Results : The mean CDI score($12.52{\pm}8.32$ vs. $10.39{\pm}7.52$ ; p=0.003), BAI($7.77{\pm}7.93$ vs. $9.84{\pm}9.04$ ; p<0.001) and PSQI($4.57{\pm}2.67$ vs. $3.64{\pm}2.30$ ; p=0.013) of girls were significantly higher than for boys. But, boys in the fourth quartile of CDI(CDI$\geq$29) and BAI(BAI$\geq$32) were at significantly elevated risk for sleep disturbances more than for girls after adjustment for sex, history of psychiatric treatment(CDI odd ratio, 14.66 ; 95% CI, 4.17-51.53, BAI odd ratio, 32.99 ; 95% CI, 4.26-255.39). Conclusion : The results suggest that high CDI, BAI score appears to increase the risk for developing sleep disturbances in boys more than girls.

• Korea journal of population studies
• /
• v.19 no.1
• /
• pp.139-159
• /
• 1996

This study comparatively examines a causal model of employee attatchment which focuses on employee's organizational commitment and intent to stay with an organization. This study is based on two separate studies of employee attachment among teachers : the U.S. case of the Chicago Public Schools (CPS) and the South Korean case of the Seoul Educational District (SED). The main purpose of this study is to replicate in Korea the CPS study. A revised model based on the unique characteristics of Korean teachers is also developed and estimated. The Price Mueller model of employee attachment provides the basic theoretical framework for this study. It includes five general classes of variables : 1) employee responses to work variables : job satisfaction, commitment, and intent to stay; 2) psychological stress variables: role ambiguity, role conflict, work overload, and quality of students; 3) social structural variables: autonomy, routinization, distributive justice, and legitimacy; 4) economic structural variables: pay, job security, promotional opportunities, and job opportunities; and 5) work orientation variables : career commitment, normative commitment, work motivation, affectivity, work values, and met expectations. The data was collected through questionnaire survey and a sample of 649 secondary school teachers in Seoul, South Korea, was included in the final analysis. Covariance structure analysis (LISREL) was used to estimate the causal model. The results indicate that the endogenous variables of job satisfaction and commitment play a considerably less important role than in the U.S. model in mediating the effects of the exogenous variables on intent to stay, and the model fails to explain the majority of the variance in intent to stay. In addition, the new variables added to the revised Korean model do not bave significant effects on intent to stay. The structural characteristics of the employment relationship and labor markets associated with Korean teachers forced mobility and closed external markets - are largely accountable for the major differences between the Korean and the U.S. cases. The study suggests that conceptual and empirical work on what produces employee attachment under these structural constraints needs to receive more attention in future studies.

• Journal of Korean Home Economics Education Association
• /
• v.22 no.2
• /
• pp.15-30
• /
• 2010

The purposes of this study were intended to examine by variables influencing gender equality consciousness in middle school students and provide basic materials useful for their education of gender equality consciousness by finding out variables influencing equality consciousness. The subjects were the 1,201 students who studied at middle schools in Jeonllabuk-do. Using structured questionnaire surveyed. Data were analyzed with Frequency, Percentage, Mean, Std, Cronbach's ${\alpha}$, t-test, and Multiple Regression using SPSS/PC WIN 14.0 program. The major findings were as follows: 1. The mean value of gender equality consciousness in middle school students was 3.89 in the whole, 3.88 in home life, 3.92 in school life, 4.04 in the workplace, and 3.70 in social and cultural life, suggesting high value in all areas. While the workplace and the school life showed higher gender equality consciousness than the whole, the home life and social and cultural life showed lower consciousness. 2. The whole gender equality consciousness were influenced by sex, mother's gender equality consciousness, homeroom teacher's gender equality consciousness, an enough schooling, desirable school types, perception of abolition of family-head system, and social gender equality consciousness. And the Middle school students' whole gender equality consciousness were explained about 32% by these variables.

• Journal of Korean Home Economics Education Association
• /
• v.24 no.1
• /
• pp.85-104
• /
• 2012

The purpose of this study was to carry out the career portfolio and the teacher-directed career exploration program in the unit of 'Industry and Career' of Technology·Home Economics and to find out how much those programs affect on career maturity and career identity in middle school students. The subjects were third-grade students who were selected at random from a middle school in Daegu. The subjects were divided into 60 for career portfolio group, 60 for teacher-directed group, and 60 for control group. Those programs were conducted totally in 9 sessions once or twice a week, and each session took 45 minutes. For pretest and post test, the questionnaire consisting of career maturity scale and career identity scale was used. To analyze data, ANCOVA was used and Scheffe test was conducted to examine significant differences between three groups. The main result of this study was the following : First, students who participate in the career portfolio and the teacher-directed career exploration program are more improved than those who have not been taught anything in determinacy and purpose of career maturity. Also, students who join in the career portfolio career exploration program are much more improved than those who join in the teacher-directed career exploration program in confidence and preparedness of career maturity. Second, students who join in the career portfolio career exploration program are more improved than those who join in the teacher-directed career exploration program in stability, goal directivity and assertiveness of career identity. Also students who participate in the lecture-oriented career exploration program are more improved meaningfully than those who have not been taught anything in the task orientation of career identity.

• Journal of Korean Home Economics Education Association
• /
• v.18 no.4 s.42
• /
• pp.127-141
• /
• 2006

The purpose of this study was to investigate the actual conditions of the use of them and the moves to strengthen home economics resources for school lifelong education for parents and local residents. This study conducted a systematic random sampling. Questionnaires were distributed to home economics teachers from 285 middle schools, 123 high schools, and 130 of them were sampled as the subjects of this study. The results of this study were as follows. First, home economics teachers were active participating school lifelong educational program. But according to the result of research on the actual condition, the proportion of taking part in it was low. More than half of home economics teachers who took part in program's lecturer were in charge of computer courses. So they didn't show their ability as expert. Also they were in charge of several works than roll of lecturers. It was mentioned too great a burden. There is little in-service training for meeting specialization for school lifelong education. They wanted to take part of lecturers of program and preferred hours of being over class. More than half of them had intended to obtain a lifelong educator's license. The part of elective courses for obtaining a lifelong educator's license is similar to home economics educational contents. So, they have an advantage of obtaining it. Second, one-fifth of school that gave school life education carried out program of related home economics. Mostly they had mothers of students-oriented programs on artistic and leisure. But this is that home economics teachers mentioned less important teaching at society in the future. They importantly mentioned program on children's education in now and the future. Parents of students and local residents also extremely wanted it. For differentiated school life education, quality of programs is important greatly. Third, the actual condition of practical room relating home economics is only practice to cook mostly. So they are reluctant to be open it because of being responsible for the results from using there. It is necessary to ameliorate there's facilities and to increase there's area. Fourth, home economics teachers want to improve their specialization through in-service training, to develop and diffuse programs of superior quality, and to get extra pay for overtime from the government.

• Culinary science and hospitality research
• /
• v.18 no.4
• /
• pp.277-291
• /
• 2012

To compare satisfaction with school meals provided by two different types of school meal services, a survey was conducted with 252 high school students (male: 138, female: 114) consisting of 133 students offered by on-site school meal service and 114 ones by transporting school meal service in Daegu. Anthropometric measurements of the study subjects showed that 68.1% of male and 41.2% of female students had normal weight while 50.0% of female and 10.1% of male students were underweight on the basis of BMIs. 'Taste' was the most important factor when eating meals followed by 'nutrition', 'hygiene' and 'preference by the students'. (of the both schools). Eating habits of the subjects were influenced mostly by family. Female students (17.5%) skipped breakfast more frequently than the male students (8.0%). The students (68.4%) offered by on-site school meal service were more satisfied with meals than those (9.2%) by transporting school meal service. Top reason for not being satisfied was 'taste' in both schools but the second reason (36.3% of the subjects) was 'quantity of food' only in the school with transporting school meal service. In satisfaction with menu, temperature, quantity and hygienic condition of foods, higher dissatisfaction was shown in the students offered by transporting school meal service. Items needed for improvement in school meals suggested by the students were 'taste of food' (25.6% vs 62.2%), 'diversity of menu items' (21.1% vs 8.4%), 'hygienic conditions' (17.3% vs 8.4%), 'quantity of food' (10.5% vs 17.6%) and 'balanced nutrition' (8.4% vs 1.7%) for on-site service and transporting one. It is concluded from these results that transporting meal service for school meals has to be changed from the present condition to improve the quality of meals and that managing and supporting programs should be developed by public institutions such as office of education.

• Journal of dental hygiene science
• /
• v.15 no.3
• /
• pp.265-271
• /
• 2015

This study has an objective not only to be helpful to the understanding about students' career and employment preparation by investigating the present conditions which are related with vocational consciousness and job values of dental hygiene department graduating students. Study subjects were 350 female graduating students in 3-year-course College, dental hygiene department at five areas of Seoul, Gyeonggi, Gangwon and Gyeongnam. Data were analyzed using IBM SPSS Statistics ver. 19.0. Regarding job values, job prospect of dental hygienist is a little developmental (55.2%) and institution hoping to work is dental clinic (43.2%), reasons for employment in major area are good wage and working environment (24.0%). And regarding opinion about job, dental hygienist job is a measure for living income (69.7%). Regarding job selection conditions, 35.0% subjects replied good human relationship. In the questionnaires regarding professional job in vocational consciousness category, results showed high percentages in that 'the occupation is a job in charge of oral health improvement'; regarding academic area, 'scaling should be done better than dentist'; regarding human relationship, 'harmony between colleagues is closely related with job efficiency'; regarding work ethics, 'development of dental hospital (clinic) and dental hygienist is correlated.' In vocational consciousness of study subjects, higher major satisfaction showed significant differences in professional job consciousness and work ethics consciousness (p<0.05) and the correlation results in vocational consciousness areas showed all statistically significant correlations (p<0.01). In case that the characteristic in one type is higher among 4 types, all other types showed high characteristics and also showed high general vocational consciousness.