• School Mathematics
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.101-120
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• 2013

International comparative studies of students' performance in mathematics have shown that Korean students possess very negative attitudes toward mathematics, while they are ranked as one of the highest in the cognitive achievement of mathematics. This has prompted mathematics educators to seek for a way to improve the quality of mathematics education. In this context, this research has been conducted to investigate the learning style of Korean middle school students under the assumption that it is of essence to understand the characteristics of our students as mathematics learners. For the purpose, in-depth interview had been conducted and sixteen middle students participated in the interview. The students were chosen to represent the average group of their age-cohorts based on their performance in mathematics and their SES. The interview was designed as a semi-structured clinical interview. In the interview, the students were given mathematical tasks dealing with central themes in the domain of function. Each student was given about 30 to 50 minutes to solve the tasks. After an interviewee finished the tasks, s/he was asked to explained how s/he solved the tasks. The researchers asked additional questions to clarify the students' understanding of the mathematical themes in the tasks and to identify their strategies for learning mathematics. The analysis of the in-depth interview has primarily identified the characteristics of the students' understanding of the main themes in function and then has been extended to investigate their characteristic styles for learning mathematics. The analysis of the interview identified the learning styles of the students as 'inductive learning based on prototypical cases', 'repeated practice of exemplar mathematics problems', 'disengaged learning', and 'double standards in learning mathematics'. Based on the results of the analysis, this research presents the implications for the improvement of mathematics education.

• Journal of Korean Tunnelling and Underground Space Association
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.131-144
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• 2018

The urban center of a large city has a high concentration ratio of population, commerce, and traffic. Therefore, the expected effect is high from the introduction of the urban utility tunnel and it also has sufficient economic feasibility considering life cycle cost. Moreover, the construction cost can be greatly reduced if it is included in a large underground development such as a subway or a complex transfer center construction. However, it is not reflected in actual underground development plan. When planning a urban utility tunnel in Korea, it is expected to have difficulties such as the cost of relocation of the existing Life-Line, conflicts among the individual facility institutions, procurement of construction resources and sharing. Furthermore, it is possible to promote the project only if a consensus is drawn up by a collective council composed of all facilities and project developers. Therefore, an optimal alternative should be proposed using economic analysis and feasibility assessment system. In this study, the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) is performed considering the characteristics of urban areas and the importance of each indicator is quantified. As a result, we can support reasonable design capacity optimization using the feasibility assessment system.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.18 no.5
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• pp.319-329
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• 2018

With rapid development of technology for strong AI chatbot, the role of chatbot has been extended from conducting simple tasks to being a friend or counsellor. For this newly emerging purpose of chatbot, endowment of personality is important to make the chatbot regarded as a human being. Nevertheless I found that there are few guides about it. Thus, this study identifies the proper personality of chatbot depending on the purpose of services and user types. The purposes of chatbot services are divided into three types such as leisure-time, counselling, and task. The DISC theory is used for categorizing personality, which consists of 4 types such as dominance(D), inducement(I), submission(S), and compliance(C). An interview and survey were conducted to investigate the preferred personality of chatbot and contents for leisure-time. As results, people tend to prefer people-oriented types such as I, S for their leisure time, task-oriented types such as D,C for their task, and slow types such as C,S for counselling. Women prone to prefer neutral gender except for counselling and men tend to prefer female in all chatbot services. Preferred chatbot age is either same or younger age for leisure-time, same or older for counselling, and 30's for tasks. Preferred contents for leisure-time are mostly recent information but many 20's want fun contents and 50-70's want emphatic conversation. 30-50's want honorific but 20's and 60-70's don't care. The research results useful guide on proper personality of AI chatbot for each purpose of its service.

• Korean Journal of Weed Science
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.66-70
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• 1997

LGC-40863(proposed common name ; pyribenzoxim), (benzophenone O-[2,6-bis[(4,6-dimethoxy-2-pyrimidinyl)oxy]benzoyl]oxime) is a new rice herbicide being developed by LG Chemical Ltd. The herbicide is highly selective between rice(Oryza sativa L.) and weeds including barnyardgrass (Echinochloa crus-galli(L.) P. Beauv.), and assumed to inhibit acetolactate synthase(ALS ; EC 4.1.3.18) because other structurally related herbicides inhibit the enzyme. To know inhibitory activity and the mode of inhibition of LGC-40863, $I_{50}$(concentration inhibiting ALS activity by 50%) and inhibition kinetics were investigated using ALS extracted from rice and barnyardgrass. $I_{50}$ values of LGC-40863 were 14 and 16mM in rice and barnyardgrass, respectively. In contrast to imazapyr(2-[4,5-dihydro-4-mythyl-4-(1-methylethyl)-5-oxo-1H-imidazol-2-yl]-3-pyridine-carboxylic acid) which showed an uncompetitive inhibition pattern, LGC-40863 was a noncompetitive inhibitor to ALS with respect to pyruvate similar to chlorsulfuron(2-chloro-N-((4-methoxy-6-methyl-l,3,5-triazin-2-yl) aminocarbonyl)benz-enesulfonamide) in both plants.

• Journal of Korean Society of Transportation
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.45-54
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• 2007

Aggressive driving is defined as 'driving behavior which intentionally incurs danger and distress to other drivers and passengers'. It increases the possibility of traffic accidents. Also, it threatens lives of drivers ana passengers and brings social and economic harm. According to previous studies. these aggressive behaviors are affected by not only the personality of drivers but also psychosocial factors, such as attitude, aggressive intention, time pressure, and traffic situations, However, most studies on aggressive behaviors conducted with field studies and surveys suggest correlation, not causal relationship. Therefore, in the current study tue authors measured individual factors-the driver's intention for aggressive driving and manipulated time pressure-to examine the interaction effects. As a result. the difference between conditions was significant depending on the level of aggressive intention and time pressure. These differences were also significant depending on the types of aggressive driving behaviors. In particular, the interaction effect of the driver's intention and time pressure on improper passing (cutting drivers off when passing) was significant. Finally the limitations of the current study and implications or using a car simulator are discussed.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.36 no.4
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• pp.481-487
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• 2007

The purposes of this study were to examine the influence of breakfast consumption frequency on school food waste and to compare its effect with food service satisfaction and food service management type. The subjects who participated in this study were composed of 978 first grade high school students from 30 high schools in Daegu. The hierarchical multiple regression analysis was carried out for the data analysis using SPSS 12.0 program. School food waste was estimated by visual evaluation method. The questionnaires containing breakfast eating frequency, food service satisfaction, and food service management type were surveyed. According to the results, school food waste was significantly affected by breakfast eating frequency. In contrast, food service satisfaction had a negative effect on school food waste, which was more significantly apparent in less frequent breakfast. Although the amount of lunch waste was influenced by food service satisfaction related with menu, it was not significantly affected by food service management type and food service satisfaction related with hygiene and service. In conclusion, the results indicate that eating breakfast is estimated as a characteristic strategy for improving efficiency of school food service by curtailing food waste. This study suggested that the importance of eating breakfast could be incorporated into the subjects of continuous nutritional education and the strategic planning for promoting efficiency of school food service.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.37 no.1
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• pp.1-8
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• 2009

User movement is an important factor in determining the amount of the acquired knowledge and information about space contexts. A reasonable circulation plan affects the spatial usage, space revitalization, and activity satisfaction, and is ultimately a means to increase spatial usefulness. On the other hand, a disorderly circulation system causes negative experiences due to difficulties in wayfinding. This research identified the importance of a pedestrian circulation system analyzing the correlation between the spatial configuration index and pedestrian movement, and visitors' movement in the leisure space by using Space Syntax. The research area, Ouam-ri, where numerous guests visit this designated folk village, is a typical case in which a settlement space is used as a leisure space. There was a great deal of risk that visitors would get lost while wandering through the space. Also, it is difficult to induce visitors to tour economically even though the pedestrian circulation configuration of Ouam-ri forms the natural moving line because of its typical tree structure. Additionally adjusting and to supplementing the pedestrian system is required in order for the traditional village, a settlement space, to be used as a leisure space.

• Atmosphere
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.123-130
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• 2014

The automated prediction system for seasonal tropical cyclone (TC) activity is established at the National Typhoon Center of the Korea Meteorological Administration (KMA) to provide effective operation and control of the system for user who lacks knowledge of the system. For automation of the system, two procedures which include subjective decisions by user are performed in advance, and their output data are provided as input data. To provide the capability to understand the operational processes for operational user, the input and output data are summarized with each process, and the directory structure is reconstructed following KMA's standard. We introduce a user interface using namelist input parameters to effectively control operational conditions which is fixed or should be manually set in the previous version of the prediction system. To operationally use early prediction which become available through the automation, its performances are evaluated according to initial condition dates. As a result, high correlations between the observed and predicted TC counts are kept for all track clusters even though advancing the initial condition date from May to January.

• The Korean Society of Law and Medicine
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.83-107
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• 2019

In order to resolve a dispute over a medical accident, the court is in the process of appraising the medical records for medical professionals to report their medical expertise or judgments using that knowledge. The consequences of expert opinion about a medical accident are only one of the methods of evidence as a reference. Therefore, in principle, the court should not be bound to the results, but the court, which is not a medical expert, can not completely rule out medical expert opinion as to whether there is medical malpractice and causality. Therefore, it can not be denied that the proportion of expert opinion of medical records in the dispute about medical accidents is high and it has an important influence on the judgement of the court. In this paper, we examine the significance and function of expert opinion of the medical accident, examine the appraising procedure of the medical records in the court and the appraising procedure of the medical accidents of the Korean medical dispute mediation arbitrator do. In addition, I would like to examine what kind of attitude is being taken in response to expert opinion of medical records in Korea to court, to examine the implications of the case of Japan as a foreign system, and to suggest improvement points in the expert opinion procedure of medical record filing in Korea. In particular, I would like to suggest improvements on issues such as the fairness of the expert opinion of medical records and the delays in litigation due to delays in the process of expert opinion.

• Korean Journal of Adult Nursing
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.539-547
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• 2005

Purpose: To examine an estimate factor and grasp the relation of difference for Type A Behavior Pattern(TABP), Perceived Stress Questionnaire, Depression and HIT-6 in the Chronic headache client. Method: Data collected by self-reported questionnaires from 38 client in S city who were selected by criteria of IHS, from the $19^{th}$ of October to 10th of December, 2004. Result: 1) Differences between biographical data by TABP was significant by SaSang constitutions, by Stress was significantly influenced by age, and by Depression were significantly influenced health status and SaSang constitutions. 2) Correlations Coefficients among Study Variables were Stress and Depression(r=.494, p=.002) and Depression and HIT-6(r=.432, p=.010). 3) In regression analysis, HIT-6 were significantly influenced by Depression and Type A Behavior Pattern(TABP).These variables explained 38% and 34% respectively. Conclusion: The result suggest that chronic headache management with psychological aspect, as well as physical aspect should be a focus to enhance the quality of life.