• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.21 no.9
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• pp.570-579
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• 2021

Compared to men, women experience difficulties in fund-raising, which can be a fundamental impediment to the success of women entrepreneurs. In this study, we examine whether is a difference between genders in the initial funding performance of start-up companies and confirm whether there are differences in organizational factors and entrepreneur factors that affect the initial funding performance. Data were collected through a survey of technology-based start-up companies located in the metropolitan area, and 287 companies were used for hypothesis analysis. The results reveal that there was a significant difference between genders in the investment attraction performance of early-stage entrepreneurs. In addition, as a result of the split-group regression analysis, it was found that in the case of men, firm age, early firm size, starting capital, engineering major had a significant effect on men. However, in the case of the women's group, it was confirmed that all the variables related to the organizational factors and entrepreneur factors were not significant. This study indirectly suggests that prejudices such as gender role stereotypes actually affect economic activities related to investment attraction activities.

• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship
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• v.10 no.3
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• pp.61-74
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• 2015

This study attempts to empirically examine the influence of entrepreneurial education in university on entrepreneurial intentions of undergraduate and graduate students as potential entrepreneur and new moderating factors on the relationship between entrepreneurial education and entrepreneurial intentions. We suggested EO(innovativeness, risk-taking propensity, proactiveness and locus of control) and environmental factors(entrepreneurial family background and resource accessibility) as new moderating factors in the relationship. For this study, the following research questions are raised : First, is there a significant difference in entrepreneurial intentions of enrolled and unenrolled students in entrepreneurial education? Second, does entrepreneurial education affect entrepreneurial intentions positively? Finally, do EO and environmental factors have moderating effects in the relationship between entrepreneurial education and entrepreneurial intentions? In order to test our research model, the current study collected data from 265 undergraduate and graduate students who are majoring in natural sciences or engineering in Seoul National Univ., Hanyang Univ., and KAIST. To investigate our research questions and hypotheses, independent-sample T-test and hierarchical regression analysis were employed. The results of empirical analysis revealed that entrepreneurial education positively related to entrepreneurial intentions and that the relationship between entrepreneurial education and entrepreneurial intentions moderated by EO and environmental factors. First, the result showed the significant difference in entrepreneurial intentions between enrolled and unenrolled students in entrepreneurial education. Entrepreneurial intentions of students who enrolled entrepreneurial education was higher than others. Second, entrepreneurial education affected the entrepreneurial intentions positively. Finally, the moderating effects of innovativeness, risk-taking propensity, proactiveness and entrepreneurial family background among investigated six moderators were significant. entrepreneurial education-entrepreneurial intentions relationship was even stronger under high innovativeness and high proactiveness. But risk-taking propensity and entrepreneurial family background decreased the effect of entrepreneurial education on entrepreneurial intentions.

• 한국벤처창업학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2022.04a
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• pp.205-210
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• 2022

오늘날 많은 선진국들이 창업국가를 표방하고 있다. 실제로 많은 연구들은 창업 생태계의 역동성이 국가 경쟁력 향상으로 이어지고 있음을 뒷받침하고 있다. 이에 각국 정부들은 스타트업을 새로운 미래 성장 동력으로 인식하고, 능력 있는 창업가와 스타트업을 자국으로 유치하기 위해 힘쓰고 있다. 본 연구는 창업자들의 글로벌 창업이주(Startup migration)현상과 지역적 창업 생태계의 등장에 주목하여, 그들의 이주요인을 알아보고자 한다. 창업 생태계 관련 선행연구에 따르면 창업자들은 개인적 동기 혹은 가용 자원이 풍부한 환경을 찾아서 국경을 넘는다. 창업이주는 국내 스타트업의 해외 진출을 의미하는 아웃바운드(Outbound)와 해외 스타트업의 국내 창업 허브에 유치하는 인바운드(Inbound)가 있는데, 본 연구는 비교적 선행연구가 적은 인바운드 창업이주(Inbound startup migration)를 중심으로 진행하고자 한다. 본 연구는 선행연구, 선행연구 기반의 질문지 작성, 설문 조사의 단계로 구성되어 있다. 우선 글로벌 창업 생태계를 비교 분석 및 평가한 선행연구를 살펴보고, 글로벌 창업 이주에 영향을 미치는 요인들을 찾아낼 것이다. 이후 전문가 인터뷰를 통해 앞에서 발견한 요인들을 인바운드 창업이주 관점에서 재정리하고 각 요인별로 질문을 추가하여, 설문지를 구성할 것이다. 설문지 작성의 목적은 인바운드 창업이주에 영향을 미치는 요인들 간의 중요도를 알아보기 위함이다. 작성된 설문은 글로벌 창업이주 형태로 국내에 정착한 100여명의 해외국적 창업자들에게 진행될 것이다. 본 연구는 인바운드 창업이주의 핵심 요인들을 찾아내어 이론화하고 이를 실증할 설문도구를 만들어서, 이를 우리나라 인바운드 스타트업들을 대상으로 검증하여 각각의 상대적 중요도를 찾아내었다는 데 그 의의가 있다. 본 연구에서 찾아낸 영향, 요인, 프레임워크는 세계 각국의 창업생태계를 비교하는 후속 연구에 활용될 수 있을 것이고 실증된 결과는 정책 입안에 활용될 수 있을 것이다.

• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.95-112
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• 2020

This paper is to investigate how cognitive bias of college students and entrepreneurs relates to perceived risks and entrepreneurial opportunities that represent uncertainty, and how various cognitive bias and entrepreneurial efficacy In the same way. The purpose of this study is to find improvement points of entrepreneurship education for college students and to suggest problems and improvement possibilities in the decision making process of current entrepreneurs. This empirical study is a necessary to improve the decision-making of individuals who want to start a business at the time when various attempts are made to activate the start-up business and increase the sustainability of the existing SME management. And understanding of the difference in opportunity evaluation, and suggests that it is necessary to provide good opportunities together with the upbringing of entrepreneurs. In order to achieve the purpose of the study, questionnaires were conducted for college students and entrepreneurs. A total of 363 questionnaire data were obtained and demonstrated through structural equation modeling. This study confirms that there is some relationship between perceived risk and cognitive bias. Overconfidence and control illusions among cognitive bias have a significant relationship between perceived risk and wealth. Especially, it is confirmed that control illusion of college students has a significant relationship with perceived risk. Second, cognitive bias demonstrated some significant relationship with opportunity evaluation. Although we did not find evidence that excess self-confidence is related to opportunity evaluation, we have verified that control illusions and current status bias are related to opportunity evaluation. Control illusions were significant in both college students and entrepreneurs. Third, perceived risk has a negative relationship with opportunity evaluation. All students, regardless of whether they are college students or entrepreneurs, judge opportunities positively if they perceive low risk. Fourth, it can be seen from the college students 'group that entrepreneurial efficacy has a moderating effect between perceived risk and opportunity evaluation, but no significant results were found in the entrepreneurs' group. Fifth, the college students and entrepreneurs have different cognitive bias, and they have proved that there is a different relationship between entrepreneurial opportunity evaluation and perceived risk. On the whole, there are various cognitive biases that are caused by time pressure or stress on college students and entrepreneurs who have to make judgments in uncertain opportunities, and in this respect, they can improve their judgment in the future. At the same time, university students can have a positive view of new opportunities based on high entrepreneurial efficacy, but if they fully understand the intrinsic risks of entrepreneurship through entrepreneurial education and fully understand the cognitive bias present in direct entrepreneurial experience, You will get a better opportunity assessment. This study has limitations in that it is based on the fact that university students and entrepreneurs are integrated, and that the survey respondents are selected by the limited random sampling method. It is necessary to conduct more systematic research based on more faithful data in the absence of the accumulation of entrepreneurial research data. Second, the translation tools used in the previous studies were translated and the meaning of the measurement tools might not be conveyed due to language differences. Therefore, it is necessary to construct a more precise scale for the accuracy of the study. Finally, complementary research should be done to identify what competitive opportunities are and what opportunities are appropriate for entrepreneurs.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.12 no.9
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• pp.1-7
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• 2014

Entrepreneurship and entrepreneurship courses, including my recent absence undergraduate entrepreneurship-friendly system is activated, the spread of technology startups to be scanning my college. However, the college is successful technology startups to take place in order to be solved many problems still exist. In this paper, we have a hard job and continuing high unemployment and social environment college students majoring in IT technology to enable the establishment of the control action for the establishment and analysis of influencing factors. In particular, IT college students majoring in technology startups will affect students' technical skills and characteristics of entrepreneurs and Entrepreneur's motive, entrepreneurship environment outside the extraction and evaluation items such as IT skills to analyze the impact of entrepreneurship. In analysis result, IT major career college students interested in entrepreneurship as an alternative to the higher technology, technical skills and characteristics of entrepreneurs and start-motivated alternative to independence and had an impact on employment. In addition, the university was founded in tech startups according to the environment of entrepreneurship education has a lot of outside influence.

• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.59-71
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• 2019

The domestic unemployment rate is now seriously increasing due to the impact of the international trend of incurring high costs using only a small number of manpower in a situation where the business has been being reduced in size. The nation is taking start-up promotion policies as a way to overcome the problem, but with the advent of excessive entrepreneurs and their concentration on specific areas, their survival is in an unclear situation. Thus, this study was intended to provide a useful direction for successful start-ups by identifying the impact of entrepreneurial motivation and entrepreneurship, internal characteristics of entrepreneurs, and of competency characteristics, external characteristics of them, on sustainability through business performance. Thus, the purpose of this study was to provide a useful direction for successful start-ups by identifying the impact of entrepreneurial motivation and entrepreneurship, internal characteristics of entrepreneurs, competency, and external characteristics, on sustainability through business performance. The result of verifying the hypothesis has showed that entrepreneurial motivation, entrepreneurship, and competency characteristics had a positive effect on business performance, and on the other hand, the business performance had a positive effect on sustainability. In addition, in terms of the impact of entrepreneurial motivation, entrepreneurship, and competency characteristics on sustainability, all of them had mediating effects on business performance. It is obvious that studies on the factors affecting business performance and corporate sustainability up to now have been carried out by only collecting the independent variables of this study individually or two of them. so it is judged that if the study, which has verified the practical direction in general through the verification of entrepreneurs's internal and external characteristics from various angles, is performed more comprehensively along with the addition of background characteristics of entrepreneurs, such as characteristics of start-up preparation, etc., in the future, more in-depth results will be able to be obtained.

• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship
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• v.10 no.6
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• pp.261-268
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• 2015

This study is aimed at clarifying the influence of an elementary school student's leadership on the Entrepreneurial spirit, and whether the career awareness really gives a regulatory effect on the Entrepreneurial spirit. This study organized the students above 4th grade in an elementary school located in Seoul as research subject; then this study analyzed the collected 420 questionnaires in August, 2015, using SPSS 21.0 Statistical Program. This study used frequency analysis, descriptive statistic analysis and cross analysis as a statistic analysis method. The research issues include 1)Does the leadership of an elementary school student have a significant influence on the Entrepreneurial spirit? 2) Is it possible for career awareness to play a regulatory role in the relationship between an elementary school student's leadership and the Entrepreneurial spirit? The research results of this study are as follows: First, it was found that an elementary school student's leadership has a significant influence on the Entrepreneurial spirit. Second, about whether independent variable factors cause a difference in career awareness as regulating variable in the relationship, in which independent variable factors have an influence on the Entrepreneurial spirit, only a part shows a significant effect as a regulating variable. This study hopes that this research results could provide data to meet the educational alternative to the necessity of leadership education required by the present period, and provide the basis of the use for educational policy for elementary school students with this research results as the center.

• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship
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• v.6 no.4
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• pp.195-213
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• 2011

The purpose of this study is to investigate the factors that determine the performance of technological start-ups from resource-based view of firm. This study analyzed the correlation among the entrepreneur's competence, technology commercialization capabilities and business performance. This study is designed to examine (1)the effect of entrepreneur's competence, technology commercialization capabilities on business performance; and (2) the causal relationships and the mediator effects among the latent variables and business performance. Data for the study was compiled through surveys on entrepreneurs representing 125 technological start-ups. Empirical results of the hypothesis testing are summarized as follows : The results indicate that both two variable groups have positively influenced the outcome of business performance. Especially strategic competence was highly related to commercialization capabilities and business performance. The technology commercialization capabilities as a parameter had a significant influence on business performance.

• 한국벤처창업학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2019.11a
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• pp.129-134
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• 2019

계속 높아지는 기업가정신과 창업의도에도 불구하고 2017년 OECD 보고서에 따르면 한국은 실패에 대한 두려움이 높은 국가로 전체 7위롤 기록했다. 실패 후 신용 불량으로 인한 재기 불가능에 대한 인식이 여전히 팽배해 창업을 저해하는 요인으로 아직까지 큰 비중을 차지하고 있다. 그러므로 실패에 대해 관용적인 문화와 실패를 통한 학습 독려, 실패 기업인의 재도전 지원 활성화 정책은 한국을 진정한 창업국가로 변모하게 할 것이다. 그러나 무엇보다 실패를 경험한 창업가 본인 자신이 새롭게 재기에 임하는 마음가짐이 중요하므로 본 연구의 목적 역시 재창업자가 다시 창업에 어떤 자세로 임해야 하는지 찾고자 하는데 있다. 따라서 본 연구는 재기에 성공한 4명의 사업가와 재도전을 했으나 여전히 성과를 못 내고 있는 5명의 사업가를 인터뷰하여 재도전의 성공 요인을 탐색하고자 한다. 연구 결과, 재기 창업가가 재도전 성공을 위해 가져야 할 자세와 역량을 1) 지식(knowledge), 2) 인지(cognition), 3) 감정(emotion) 이상 3가지 관점에서 기존의 연구가 다루지 못한 접근법을 제안한다. 먼저, 지식 관점에서 보면 기존 사업과의 동질성 여부가 중요한 것이 아니라, 새롭게 진출하는 영역에 대한 준비성이 재도전의 성공 여부에 영향을 미쳤다. 다음으로, 인지적 관점에서는 과거 실패의 원인에 대한 분석과 자기 실책으로의 귀인은 차이를 보이지 않았고 오히려 앞으로 영위할 사업에 대한 여러 사람들의 지적과 충고에 대한 수용 역량(coachability)이 성공과 실패를 나눴다. 마지막으로 감정 관점에서 선행연구는 실패로부터 슬픔을 빨리 극복하는 사람이 학습과정도 빨리 이뤄지는 것으로 여겨졌으나, 슬픔의 극복은 재기 후 성과와는 관련이 없었으며, 본 연구에서는 재기 전 생계유지가 가능한 상태 여부가 성공의 선행조건이 될 수 있음을 발견하였다.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.9 no.5
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• pp.1428-1445
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• 2008

This study focuses on examination a) of impacts of entrepreneurs' psychological characteristics on business performance (need fur achievement and risk-taking propensity), b) of impacts of entrepreneur's competency characteristics(vision, opportunity recognition, social deftness, frequency of networking and reliability) on business performance, and c) of controlling impacts of business incubator on the relationship between entrepreneurs' characteristics (psychological characteristics and competency) and business performance. According to a study, among entrepreneurs' psychological characteristics, need for achievement has a significant impact on business performance, whereas risk-taking propensity is found to have no significant impact on business performance. In addition, among entrepreneurs' competency characteristics, vision, social deftness, and network reliability have no impact on business performance, whereas opportunity recognition and frequency of network have an impact on business performance. On the other hand, need for achievement has a negative impact on controlling business incubator services. Business incubator services have a significant impact on the relationship between vision, network reliability and business performance.