• Korean Journal of Childcare and Education
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• v.9 no.6
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• pp.151-170
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• 2013

This study analyzes the contents of multicultural education in teacher's manual for "Age 3 - 5 Nuri Curriculum." The criteria of identity, diversity, openness, democracy, and community were used to investigate 1,470 activities relevant to multicultural education in Nuri Curriculum, which was published in March, 2013. The findings were categorized into life theme, contents area and activity type. In the life theme, multicultural contents appeared most in 'my town' and 'my country,' while the least in 'spring, summer, fall, winter.' In the contents areas, diversity, identity and community appeared more than democracy and openness. And, these contents included social relationships. In the activity type, multicultural contents are analyzed the most frequently in 'math activity' and 'sharing a story.'

• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
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• v.9 no.5
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• pp.105-111
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• 2018

The purpose of the study was to investigate on educational activity related to oral health contained in teachers guidebook of the Nuri curriculums. Oral health educational activity were analyzed the distribution, form and type, Nuri curriculum related factors contents category and contents. Number of oral health educational activity was 29(1.37%). Activity form was big and small group activity are 15(51.72%), free choice activity are 14(48.27%). Activity type was the highest in the big and small group, with 7(24.13%) talk together and free choice activity was the highest in 4(13.79%) rhythmic region. Nuri curriculum related factors(Five areas) was highest with 22(34.38%) physical exercise health. Based on the results, the oral health professional will participate in teachers guidebook of the Nuri curriculums. The oral health professional will need to reorganize in a more balanced and practical activity.

• Journal of Elementary Mathematics Education in Korea
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.507-527
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• 2019

At the time when textbooks were developed and applied according to the 2015 revised curriculum and At the time of developing new test textbooks, it is necessary to examine the contents of the textbooks based on the 2015 revised curriculum and the responses of field teachers. Therefore, this study conducted a questionnaire survey for elementary school teachers on how teachers perceive and evaluate elementary mathematics textbooks (math textbooks, mathematics learning books, teacher guidebooks) developed and applied based on the 2015 revised curriculum. The results were analyzed.

• Journal of KIISE:Software and Applications
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.273-283
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• 1999

래스터 지도에서 직선 또는 곡선과 중첩되어 있는 경우의 문자는 추출하기가 쉽지 않다. 따라서 본 논문에서는 고립되어 있는 문자뿐만 아니라 문자이외의 요소와 중첩되어 있는 문자도 효과적으로 추출할수 있는 분할 정복(divide and conquer) 개념에 기반한 문자 추출방법을 제시한다. 이를 위해 먼저 이미지의 연결 요소로부터 볼록다각형(convex hull)을 생성한다. 그리고 이 다각형이 충분한게 문자영역만을 포함할때가지 볼록 다각형을 이등분하면서 가장 긴 선분(투사 선분)을 기준으로 두 영역으로 분할한다. 다음으로 문자를 추출하기 위해서 이 선분을 기준으로 연결 요소상의 픽셀의 밀집도를 계산하는 알고리즘(프로파일링)을 적용한다. 또한 지도상에서 추출된 개별적인 문자들을 의미있는 단어들로 묶기(grouping)한 새로운 알고리즘을 소개한다. 특히 지도상에 나타나는 문자의 종류는 매우 다양하고 또한 이 문자들이 놓여있는 방향 역시 일정하지 않기 때문에 이러한 단어를 찾는 kd법은 쉽지 않다. 이를 위해 본 논문에서는 3차원 인접 그래프(3-D neighborhood graph)G를 소개한다. 이 그래프 G에서 각 노드는 하나의 분리된 문자를 나타내며 자신의 크기와 위치에 따라서 3차원 공간상에서 위치하게된다. 따라서, 크기가 큰 (작은)문자들은 보다 큰 (작은) z값을 가지고 되며 이 그래프 G에서 서로 인접한 노드들을 연결함으로써 지도상에 존재하는 서로 다른 종류의 문자 스트링을 추출할수 있다. 실험결과는 서로 다른 지도 이미지에 대해서 약 95% 이상의 단어 추출율을 보여준다.

• Journal of Elementary Mathematics Education in Korea
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.475-492
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• 2014

The purpose of this study is to analyze the United States Elementary Mathematics textbooks "Everyday Mathematics", focused on area of the probability. The concept of probability as qualitative probability is taught from Kindergarten in EM curricula for progressive mathematising. EM have reflected both perspectives in probability which are a frequency perspective and a classical perspective. And EM includes abundant activities for remedying the misconceptions of probability. On the basis of the results from this analysis, we have five suggestions which are helpful for the revision of the Korean national curriculum.

• School Mathematics
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.513-531
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• 2017

This study aims to analyze and compare Korean mathematics textbooks on time and to induce its educational implications. Concretely, the mathematics textbooks from the 1st to the 2009 national revised curriculum were selected for the longitudinal analysis. In each textbook, the contents such as clock reading, units of time, and calculation of elapsed time among various contents about time were chosen. The learning elements and their teaching sequence, the teaching method (the introducing ways of each concept and principle), and the didactical representations are set as an analysis framework. The results of analysis revealed many characteristics and differences in ways of dealing contents about time. Based on these results, we suggested several implications for writing the unit of time in elementary mathematics textbooks and teaching about time in classrooms.

• Education of Primary School Mathematics
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.141-159
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• 2008

The purpose of this study id to delve into how elementary mathematics textbook deal with the quadrilaterals from a view of Didactic Transposition Theory. Concerning the instruction period and order, we have concluded the following: First, the instruction period and order of quadrilaterals were systemized when the system of Euclidian geometry was introduced, and have been modified a little bit since then, considering the psychological condition of students. Concerning the definition and presentation methods of quadrangles, we have concluded the following: First, starting from a mere introduction of shape, the definition have gradually formed academic system, as the requirements and systemicity were taken into consideration. Second, when presenting and introducing the definition, quadrilaterals were connected to real life. Concerning the contents and methods of instruction, we have concluded the following: First, the subject of learning has changed from textbook and teachers to students. Second, when presenting and introducing the definition, quadrilaterals were connected to real life. Third, when instructing the characteristics and inclusive relation, students could build up their knowledge by themselves, by questions and concrete operational activities. Fourth, constructions were aimed at understanding of the definition and characteristics of the figures, rather than at itself.

• Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education
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• v.42 no.6
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• pp.567-578
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• 2022

In this study, we examine whether the description of the elementary science curriculum guide, the concept of evolution, and the beliefs of teachers affect the teaching practice in classes related to adaptation of elementary school teachers. First, we examined the alternative concept among the sentences described in the bio-adaptation-related unit of the 2009 Elementary Science Curriculum Teacher's Guide and identified the effects of this description on the teaching practice of elementary school teachers. Next, six elementary school teachers were classified according to the results of the evolutionary concept test paper and the evolutionary belief test paper, and based on the class recording data and interview data, whether there is a difference in teaching execution. As a result, it was confirmed that there were a total of 18 descriptions corresponding to the concept of evolutionary alternatives in the analysis of instruction descriptions, and that these descriptions influenced elementary school teachers' adaptation concepts and teaching practice. Next, the group with high and low levels of evolution differ in the areas of "recognition of importance in the unit, distinction between adaptation concepts in the general sense and adaptation concepts in the biological sense, errors in the class," and "recognition of evolutionary education needs in the elementary curriculum." This study is meaningful in that it qualitatively confirms the research on the evolution concept of elementary school teachers, which has been approached quantitatively, and in-depth, confirms how the description, evolution concepts, and evolutionary beliefs affect elementary school teachers' biological adaptation concepts.

• Journal of Elementary Mathematics Education in Korea
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.45-64
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• 2003

This study analyzes divisor and multiple in elementary school mathematics textbooks published according to the first to the 7th curriculum, in a view point of the didactic transposition theory. In the first and second textbooks, the divisor and the multiple are taught in the chapter whose subject is on the calculations of the fractions. In the third and fourth textbooks, divisor and multiple became an independent chapter but instructed with the concept of set theory. In the fifth, the sixth, and the seventh textbooks, not only divisor multiple was educated as an independent chapter but also began to be instructed without any conjunction with set theory or a fractions. Especially, in the seventh textbook, the understanding through activities of students itself are strongly emphasized. The analysis on the each curriculum periods shows that the divisor and the multiple and the reduction of a fractions to the lowest terms and to a common denominator are treated at the same period. Learning activity elements are increase steadily as the textbooks and the mathematical systems are revised. The following conclusion can be deduced based on the textbook analysis and discussion for each curriculum periods. First, loaming instruction method also developed systematically with time. Second, teaching method of the divisor and multiple has been sophisticated during the 1st to 7th curriculum textbooks. And the variation of the teaching sequences of the divisor and multiple is identified. Third, we must present concrete models in real life and construct textbooks for students to abstract the concepts by themselves. Fourth, it is necessary to develop some didactics for students' contextualization and personalization of the greatest common divisor and least common multiple. Fifth, the 7th curriculum textbooks emphasize inquiries in real life which teaming activities by the student himself or herself.

• The Mathematical Education
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• v.62 no.4
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• pp.551-567
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• 2023

Even and odd numbers are taught in elementary school mathematics, but the introductory activities, definitions, and properties of sum on even and odd numbers vary depending on which grade they are presented. The purpose of this study was to compare and analyze the activities related to even and odd numbers presented in Korean mathematics textbooks developed under the different curriculum revisions, and to further analyze the related activities in foreign textbooks to draw implications for the teaching of even and odd numbers. In Korean textbooks, from the time of the fourth mathematics curriculum until the 2007 revision, even and odd numbers were covered in the multiples and divisors unit of the fifth grade textbook, while since the 2009 revision, the first grade textbook has covered the topic along with teaching numbers up to 50 or 100. In addition, the definitions of even and odd numbers varied depending on the grade level and the nature of the unit being taught, and activities addressing the properties of sum were only presented in the mathematics textbook under the third curriculum along with a few mathematics workbooks. In foreign textbooks, even and odd numbers were introduced in Grades 1, 2, or 5, and their related activities varied accordingly. Based on these findings, this study discusses the implications for the teaching of even and odd numbers.