• Proceedings of the Korean Fiber Society Conference
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• 1998.10a
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• pp.106-109
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• 1998

합성재료의 고유한 결함인 인화성 문제를 해결하기 위한 방염성 소재의 개발은 최근 국내외에서 방염제에 대한 규제가 더욱 강화되고 있기 때문에 절실히 요구되고 있는 실정이다. 특히 폴리에스테르 소재는 우수한 기계적 강도, 탄성률, 열적 안정성, 화학적 안정성 둥의 장점을 갖고 있어 섬유, 필름, bottle 및 엔지니어링 플라스틱 등으로 다양하게 이용되고 있다. (중략)

• Fire Science and Engineering
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• v.28 no.2
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• pp.9-13
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• 2014

This paper is basic study for development of the photoelectric-type smoke detector that is able to distinguish fire source as well as fire detection. For this subject, Light source and sensor which is normally used for the conventional smoke detector are assembled for the optical chamber. Using 3 type of the test fires (the paper fire, the wood fire, the flammable liquid fire) this paper attempts to find optical properties of each fire. These 3 type of fire are used in the testing of smoke detector according to UL 268 standard. As the result, there are disambiguated between the paper fire and the wood fire in scattering and reason of extinction in the flammable liquid fire is different from that of the paper and the wood fire.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Gas
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.38-43
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• 2014

This paper is to analyze and study the failure examples of fire by inflammables and electric contact faulty in interior of vehicle. The first example, the driver used to air freshener that remove the air conditioner bad smell. He get out of a car. And then, he put it on the crash pad. Before long, a fire breaks out because of explosion solar radiation. The second example, the driver used in room of a car. It certified the fire by disconnection phenomenon happened the electric overload. The third example, the driver install the heat rays to warm his body, In the initial stages, it didn't seek the dangerous of fire during using a car to 5,000km. This heat rays become to down durability so that produced the electric overload in an instant. The fourth example, after the man smoked the cigarette on riding with rear seat, he put it on seat in vehicle no extinguishing the burning cigarette. It knew the fact that burnt to ashes a car by on well combustible paper. Thus, the driver must consider a countermeasure for minimize the fire production when he use the inflammable and install adding electric system.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Gas
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.33-39
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• 2020

In general, in a batch reaction process in which products are made using flammable liquids, splash filling is used to clean the walls of the reactor by spraying flammable liquids, which are raw materials used for product, during cleaning of the reactor after work. During this process, mist of flammable liquid is generated, the lower limit of explosion is lowered, and fire·explosion may occur due to discharges caused by various types of complex charges, such as flow charge, collision charge, and ejection charge. Therefore, based on the recent accident case, to identify the risk when working in the form of splash filling with toluene in a batch process and perform an explosion impact analysis using the TNT equivalent method After that, we will analyze the accident results and suggest preventive measures such as constant purge system, improvement of cleaning method, and use of tantalum to prevent such accident.

• Fire Science and Engineering
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• v.30 no.5
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• pp.1-8
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• 2016

Safety management in hazardous areas with potentially explosive gas atmospheres (here in after referred to as hazardous areas) in large scale facilities dealing with combustible or flammable materials at home and abroad is very important (significant) for the coexistence of the company and local society based on business continuity management (BCM) and reliance. For the safety management in hazardous areas, two systems are mainly used: (1) the control system for the prevention of combustible or flammable substances and (2) the explosion proof system for the elimination of ignition sources when flammable gases are leaked to inhibit the transition to fire or explosion accidents. While technology and regulations on explosion proof facilities or devices for electrical ignition sources are well developed and defined, those for thermal ignition sources need to be more developed and established. In this study, the internal combustion engine in hazardous areas was investigated to determine the risk of ignition. For this purpose, document searches were conducted on the relevant international standards and accidents cases and risk analysis reports. In addition, this study assessed the application cases of the diesel engine's safety equipment, such as spark arresters regarding the site of process safety management (PSM) system in central Korea. To practically apply these results to the hydrocarbon industry, the safety management method for explosion prevention in hazardous areas was provided by risk identification for ignition sources of internal combustion engines, such as diesel engines.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Gas
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• v.25 no.5
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• pp.1-10
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• 2021

Semiconductor Photo Resist (PR) automation equipment uses a mixture of several flammable substances, and when it leaks during the process, it can lead to various accidents, therefore, risk assessment is necessary. This study analyzed the frequency of leakage of Acetone and PGMEA used in PR automation equipment and the frequency at which such leakage could lead to a fire accident through the frequency analysis method, and evaluated the need for additional risk reduction measures in the current facility. Based on the process leak data and ignition probability data of IOGP, leak frequency analysis and ignition probability were derived, and the frequency of actual fire accidents was analyzed by combining them. The frequency of material leakage in semiconductor PR process is 7.30E-03/year, and fire accidents can occur by acetone that exists above the flash point when the material is leaked, the frequency was calculated at the level of 1.24E-05/year. According to the UK HSE, for a major accident occurring with a frequency of 1.24E-05/year, it is defined as "Broadly Acceptable", a level that does not require additional measures for risk reduction when it causes 7 or less deaths, and due to the process operated by two people, no additional risk reduction are required.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Gas
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• v.28 no.1
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• pp.11-18
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• 2024

If flammable liquid leaks, vapor evaporated from the pool can cause poisoning or suffocation to workers, leading to secondary accidents such as fires and explosions. To prevent such damage, ventilation facilities shall be installed when designing indoor workplaces. At this time, the behavior varies depending on the characteristics of the leaked chemical, so it is necessary to select a suitable vent location according to the material. Therefore, 3D CFD simulations were introduced to derive optimal vent position and ventilation efficiency was quantitatively evaluated by vent position. At this time, assuming a situation in which flammable liquids leak at indoor workplaces to form pools, the concentration of vapor evaporated from pools was compared to derive the optimal vent position. As a result of research on toluene with high vapor density, ventilation efficiency was confirmed to be the highest at the upper supply-lower exhaust, and it is judged that introducing it can achieve about 3.7 times ventilation effect at the same maintenance cost. Through this study, it is expected that the workplace will be able to secure workers' safety by applying simulation results and installing ventilation ports.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Industrial Safety Conference
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• 2003.10a
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• pp.196-201
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• 2003

대부분의 고체와 액체의 연소는 고체의 열분해에 의해 생성되는 가연성 기체나 액체의 증발에 의한 가연성증기가 공기중에 확산되는 형태의 확산연소이다. 이런 확산 연소에서 연소속도를 지배하는 요소는 연료와 산화제의 확산속도이며 고체와 액체 연료의 경우 기체상태의 열분해 생성물이나 증기의 생성속도가 연소속도에 영향을 미치는 요소가 된다. 이러한 형태의 연소에서 연료와 산화제의 공급상태에 따라 발열량 및 화염의 형태 등이 영향을 받게 된다. 화재에서 화재의 확대에 영향을 미치는 요소들 중에 화염의 높이와 복사열 에너지 등이 있다.(중략)

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Industrial Safety Conference
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• 1998.11a
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• pp.83-88
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• 1998

방향족 화합물은 합성수지, 합성고무, 합성섬유 등의 석유화학제품의 원료와 2성분 또는 3성분 이상을 혼합한 도료공업에서 광범위하게 사용되고 있다. 그러나 이들 물질들은 공정상의 제조, 저장, 처리과정에서 고온, 고압의 조건에서 많이 노출되어 있을 뿐 아니라 취급과 사용 중에 부주의로 인한 폭발과 화재사고가 증가하고 있다. 그러므로 사고예방을 위해서는 취급하는 물질의 기본적인 위험 특성을 정확하게 파악하여 예방대책을 강구하여야 하므로, 인화성 액체의 경우에는 위험성의 지표인 인화점(Flash point)을 반드시 파악하여야 한다. (중략)

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Industrial Safety Conference
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• 2000.06a
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• pp.140-143
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• 2000

연소특성은 인화성용제들(석유류 및 알코올류 등)의 취급, 저장, 수송에서 포함되어 있는 잠재 위험성을 평가할 때 고려된다. 여러 연소특성 가운데 폭발한계 (explosive limits)는 가연성물질(가스 및 증기)을 다루는 공정 설계 시 고려해야 할 중요한 변수로써, 발화원이 존재할 때 가연성가스와 옹기가 혼합하여 일정농도범위 내에서만 연소가 이루어지는 혼합범위를 말한다. (중략)