Journal of the Korean Institute of Gas (한국가스학회지)

The Korean Institute of GAS (한국가스학회)
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A Study on the Prevention Measures against Fire and Explosion Accidents during Splash Filling in Batch Process

회분식 공정에서 스플래쉬 필링(Splash Filling) 작업으로 인한 화재·폭발 사고 예방대책에 관한 연구

  • Kim, Sang Ryung (Dept. of Safety Engineering, Korea National University of Trans.) ;
  • Lee, Dae Jun (Dept. of Safety Engineering, Korea National University of Trans.) ;
  • Kim, Jung Duk (Dept. of Safety Engineering, Korea National University of Trans.) ;
  • Kim, Sang Gil (Dept. of Safety Engineering, Korea National University of Trans.) ;
  • Yang, Won Baek (Dept. of Industrial Safety Engineering, Soongsil Cyber Univ.) ;
  • Rhim, Jong Guk (Dept. of Safety Engineering, Korea National University of Trans.)
  • 김상령 (한국교통대학교 안전공학과) ;
  • 이대준 (한국교통대학교 안전공학과) ;
  • 김정덕 (한국교통대학교 안전공학과) ;
  • 김상길 (한국교통대학교 안전공학과) ;
  • 양원백 (숭실사이버대학교 산업안전공학과) ;
  • 임종국 (한국교통대학교 안전공학과)
  • Received : 2020.03.18
  • Accepted : 2020.06.14
  • Published : 2020.06.30
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Abstract

In general, in a batch reaction process in which products are made using flammable liquids, splash filling is used to clean the walls of the reactor by spraying flammable liquids, which are raw materials used for product, during cleaning of the reactor after work. During this process, mist of flammable liquid is generated, the lower limit of explosion is lowered, and fire·explosion may occur due to discharges caused by various types of complex charges, such as flow charge, collision charge, and ejection charge. Therefore, based on the recent accident case, to identify the risk when working in the form of splash filling with toluene in a batch process and perform an explosion impact analysis using the TNT equivalent method After that, we will analyze the accident results and suggest preventive measures such as constant purge system, improvement of cleaning method, and use of tantalum to prevent such accident.

일반적으로 인화성 액체를 사용하여 제품을 만들어 내는 회분식 반응 공정에서는 작업 후 반응기 세척(Cleaning) 시 제품 생산을 위해 사용되는 원료인 인화성 액체를 일정압력으로 분사하여 반응기 벽면 등을 세척하는 스플래쉬 필링(Splash Filling) 형태의 작업 방법을 적용한다. 이러한 작업과정에서 인화성 액체의 미스트 등이 발생하여 폭발하한계가 낮아지며 유동대전, 충돌대전, 분출대전과 같이 여러 형태의 복합 대전에 따른 방전현상으로 화재·폭발이 발생할 수 있다. 따라서 최근의 사고사례를 바탕으로 회분식 공정에서 톨루엔을 통한 스플래쉬 필링(Splash Filling) 형태의 작업 시 위험성을 파악하고 당량법을 이용한 폭발영향분석을 수행하여 사고결과를 분석하여 이러한 사고를 예방하기 위한 상시적 불활성화, 세척 방법 개선, 탄탈럼 사용 등의 예방대책을 제시하고자 한다.

Keywords

References

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