• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
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• v.43 no.4
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• pp.466-472
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• 2016

This study analyzed the genetic diversity of 115 pear germplasms using 15 SSR markers. Three to forty-one SSR alleles were detected for each locus with an average of 16 alleles per locus. The average availability of markers was 0.966. The average observed heterozygosity ($H_{obs}$) was 0.603 (range: 0.140 to 0.929). The average expected heterozygosity ($H_{exp}$) was 0.718 (range: 0.463 to 0.904). The average polymorphism information content (PIC) was 0.692 (range: 0.403 to 0.897). The genetic relationships of pear germplasms were classified into two major groups by geographic origins and genetic characteristics according to genetic distance. The first group was composed of European pear belonging to Pyrus communis. The second group consisted of P. pyrifolia, P. ussuriensis, P. bretschneideri, P. betulaefolia, P. calleryana, interspecific hybrids, and unclear germplasms. The results of this study suggest that genotype analysis of pear germplasms using SSR markers can identify the genetic diversity of germplasms, and can be used to provide basic information for pear breeding.

• Horticultural Science & Technology
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• v.35 no.1
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• pp.98-107
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• 2017

A DNA profile database was constructed to investigate the genetic relatedness of 72 germplasm samples of Pyrus and related cultivars using microsatellite markers. Three P. pyrifolia, four P. commus, and one P. betulifolia cultivars with different morphological traits were screened using 387 pairs of microsatellite primers. A core set of 11 primer pairs was selected to obtain 133 polymorphic amplified fragments meeting three criteria: high polymorphism information contents (PIC), high repeatability, and distinct allele patterns. The number of alleles per locus ranged between 4 and 22. Average PIC was 0.743 (range: 0.557 - 0.879). Cluster analysis using the unweighted pair - group method with arithmetical average (UPGMA) separated the 72 pear cultivars and germplasm samples into four major groups: Chinese, European pears, and a cluster of 55 Asian pears that could be reclassify into two subcluster, I - $1^{st}$ and II - $2^{nd}$, according to pedigree information. Almost all of the cultivars were discriminated by 11 microsatellite marker genotypes. The microsatellite DNA profile database may be utilized as tool to verify distinctness, uniformity, and stability between candidate cultivar, and to verify in the distinctness of existing cultivars.

• Korean Journal of Environmental Biology
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• v.36 no.4
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• pp.463-470
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• 2018

Restoration ecology is the practical study of renewing and restoring a spoilt, degraded, or devastated ecosystems in the environment. Because the Korean industry has been drastically developed for the past few decades, the Korean ecosystem requires restoration using regional seed. In this study, we identified the variation of phylogenic relationship of Miscanthus sinensis or Phragmites australis by locations in Korea. Chloroplast DNA atpF-H and psbA-trnH interspace region were used as a molecular marker to resolve the phylogenic relationship in 10 different locations. We performed the molecular phylogenetic analysis with 10 chloroplast DNAs from each location using Kimura 2-parameter. The analysis of Miscanthus showed that all atpF-H genes were exact matches except for Ose san. In contrast to Mischanthus, the atpF-H genes from Phragmites were observed to have more variation. A total of 7 locations revealed the variation in chloroplast gene. According to the phylogenic tree in Phragmites, 2 of 10 samples in 6 locations and 3 of 10 in 1 location showed variation with 0.160-0.181 genetic distance. According to the genetic distance of the Miscanthus sinensis, there were no mutations in all regions except the Hongsung. These results support regional differences and show the necessity for seed collection by region. In the case of Phragmites australis, genetic variation occurred in all regions.

• The Bimonthly Magazine for Agrochemicals and Plant Protection
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.20-29
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• 1988

• Current Research on Agriculture and Life Sciences
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• v.22
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• pp.13-18
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• 2004

Eighty five accessions of our laboratory pepper germplasm collections in 2003 were tested for resistance to Phytophthora capsici Leonian. Any new material highly resistant was not found among them. However, KC1184, which has horticultural characteristics of Korean peppers, was moderately resistant and appeared worthwhile in breeding for resistance.

• Korean Journal of Breeding Science
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• v.41 no.4
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• pp.444-450
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• 2009

Amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) marker was utilized for evaluation of genetic diversity of 60 pear germplasms. Twenty selective AFLP primer pairs generated a total of 522 polymorphic amplification products. From UPGMA (unweighted pair-group method arithmetic average) cluster analysis by using polymorphic bands, the pear germplasms were divided into four clusters by similarity index of 0.691. The first cluster (I) included European pears belonging to Pyrus communis and wild species such as P. nivalis and P. cordata. The second cluster (II) included Ussurian pea pears belonging to P. betulaefolia and P. fauriei. The third cluster (III) included pea pears belonging to P. calleryana and P. koehnei. Most of germplasms belonging to P. pyrifolia and P. ussuriensis, and interspecific hybrids were included in the fourth (IV) cluster. Therefore pear germplasms originated from East Asia were closely related to P. pyrifolia and P. ussuriensis. Similarity values among the tested pear germplasms ranged from 0.584 to 0.879, and the average similarity value was 0.686.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.63 no.3
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• pp.175-185
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• 2018

The aim of this study was to evaluate the variation of growth and quality characteristics in colored rice from 178 accessions and to develop useful, basic rice breeding data by classifying these germplasm characteristics via principal component (PC) analysis. The coefficient of variation of the 178colored rice accessions were the highest for panicle length (PL) and protein contents, followed by length-width ratio (LWR), 1000-grain weight (TGW), culm length (CL), and amylose contents, whereas the lowest was for the number of panicles per hill (NP), which is a yield component. The results from the PC analysis exhibited eigenvalues and contributions respective to each PC as follows: PC1, 2.06 and 29.49%; PC2, 1.31 and 18.75%; PC3, 1.21 and 17.36%; PC4, 1.01 and 14.38%. The eigenvalues of four PCs were over 1.0, and their cumulative contributions were 79.98%, which completes the necessary condition for evaluation of the 178 colored rice accessions. Cluster analysis showed cluster I as the largest, which included 79 accessions, while clusters II, III, IV, V, VI, and VII comprised 46, 19, 13, 4, 8, and 9 accessions, respectively. Moreover, dark brown accessions were dispersed in clusters I and II, and many resources of purple seed coat color were found in clusters V, VI, and VII. Particularly, cluster V had resources of only black and purple seed coat colors. Resources of cluster VII were found to have a relatively small average CL, PL, and LWR; notably, cluster V had the smallest average TGW, and cluster IV the lowest NP but the highest TGW. Finally, considering the yield potential, growth characteristics, heading stage, and color during breeding of colored rice, we obtained the following conclusions: cluster VII is suitable for breeding of colored rice; cross breeding among clusters I, II, and VII has a high yield potential; and it is possible to produce a superior color by cross breeding plants from cluster V and VI.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.25 no.11
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• pp.1204-1213
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• 2015

A comprehensive analysis of the population structure of the sandfish (Arctoscopus japonicas), the most abundant fishery resource in the East Sea of Korea, has not been carried out, despite its importance in Korea. The present study examined the genetic diversity and differences between five populations (two Japanese and three Korean populations) of A. japonicas captured in the East Sea using both the 401 bp sequence of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA, cytochrome b) and five microsatellite DNA (msDNA) markers. The results of the analysis using the Cyt b sequence revealed 27 haplotypes. Based on msDNA variations, the estimated expected heterozygosity (H_E) in each population ranged from 0.68 (Gampo, Korea) to 0.7765 (Erimo, Japan). Pairwise F_ST and AMOVA tests using both the Cyt b sequence and msDNA data pointed to significant differences between the Korean and Japanese populations (mtDNA; F_ST=0.2648, p<0.05, msDNA; F_ST=0.0814, p<0.05). These results were similar to the results of UPGMA, PCA, and structure analysis. In these analyses, the five populations were assigned to two groups (Korean populations and Japanese populations). These results shed light on the genetic diversity and relationships of A. japonicas and contribute to research on the evaluation, conservation, and utilization of Korean A. japonicas as genetic resources.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.55 no.3
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• pp.187-194
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• 2010

The soybean stay green mutant genotype (SSG) derived from the nuclear gene, d1d2, and cytoplasmic gene, cytG, inhibit the breakdown of chloroplast in the leaves, pod walls, seed coats, and embryos during maturity. Soybean seed with black seed coat and green cotyledon (SBG) are preferred than black seed coat with yellow cotyledon (SBY) especially for cooking with rice and as source of traditional food in Korea. The researchers evaluated the seed's chlorophyll content of SSG and introduced SSG to the SBG variety breeding program. The seed chlorophyll content of SSG with d1d2 was $39.93{\sim}60.80\;{\mu}g/g$ and SSG with cytG $38.08{\sim}39.89\;{\mu}g/g$. The Korean SBG variety which was derived from SSG with cytG, contains $16.35{\sim}37.73\;{\mu}g/g$. The composition of seed chlorophyll differs according to the genetic background of SSG genotype. Inheritance study showed that cotyledon color was segregated 15:1 (yellow:green) at $F_2$ seed indicating two recessive genes control green cotyledon as revealed by previous study. Only less than 3% soybean lines showed black seed coat with green cotyledon among crosses SBY and SSG (d1d2). Results showed that SSG with d1d2 can be used as a good source for SBG with high chlorophyll content in the seed cotyledon, but due to the complex genetic behavior, breeding resource of SBG with d1d2 should be prepared to improve the breeding efficiency for development SBG variety.

• Journal of Sericultural and Entomological Science
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• v.49 no.2
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• pp.60-66
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• 2007

This study was carried out to develop the utilization of mulberry resources conserved by Jeollabuk-Do Agricultural Research & Extension Services. Mulberry accessions were tested for agronomic characteristics and antioxidant capacity according to varieties. From that result, three suitable varieties such as 'Sinilppong', 'Suwonsang 2' and 'Ilbongeum' were selected for the production of mulberry leaves. They have strong agronomic characteristics like size, yield and resistance against damages by blight and harmful insects. Whereas, 'Gumunyoung' showed the lowest freezing resistance. In the antioxidant capacity analysis of mulberry leaves, autumn's mulberry leaves showed higher antioxidant capacity (ascorbic acid equivalent) than that of spring's it. According to collection time, antioxidant capacity were 2,109.8 nmol (August), 2,617.8 nmol (September) and 3,311.5 nmol (October), respectively.