• Communications of Mathematical Education
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• v.12
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• pp.21-32
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• 2001

쌓기놀이는 유치원에서의 주요 활동이며, 유아들이 가장 선호하는 놀이일 뿐 아니라 교육적 가치도 크다고 보고 있다. 특히 쌓기놀이는 다양한 크기, 형태의 나무 적목을 사용하여 구성하게 되므로 공간 관계, 기하학적 도형, 대칭, 합동 등의 수학적 경험을 제공할 수 있다는 것이다. 그러나 교육현장에서의 쌓기놀이는 유아가 자유롭게 구조물을 만든 후 이를 극화놀이로 확장되어 전개되는데 그치고 있어 이를 통한 수학적 경험은 크게 기대할 수 없으며 우연적일 수 밖에 없다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 유아의 쌓기놀이를 보다 기하학적 사고와 탐색을 포함하는 교수-학습의 방안을 모색하고 현장 적용성을 검토하고자하였다. 본 연구의 내용은 유아의 쌓기놀이 활동에 기초한 기하학습의 모형을 설계하고, 이를 기초로 한 적용사례를 제시하는 것이다.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.287-295
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• 2020

The purpose of this study is to find out the tendency and meaning of metaphors for block play. For this purpose, responses from 165 teachers in J area day care centers were collected using sentence completion metaphors. Collected data were analyzed through a categorization process using a qualitative research method based on previous research into metaphor analysis. From the results, first, block play trends from the metaphors were classified into two categories: content of block play, and characteristics of block play. The frequency in the order for Building Value of Play was higher. For the content of block play, composition had the highest frequency for trait of block play, and the basis of growth and development had the highest frequency in the Value of Block Play category. Second, the meanings of block play metaphors are composing, expressing, imagining, pleasure, freedom, and value of block play under Category Play, which was recognized as the basis of development, emotional development, social development, and creativity. Based on the results of the study, the value and role of block play in early childhood teacher education and in-service education should be further emphasized.

• Geotechnical Engineering
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.26-37
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• 2004

암쌓기에 있어서 재료의 입경 분포 및 시공형태는 시공성과 시공 후 토체의 안정성에 큰 영향을 미친다. 그중 암버력을 쌓기 재료로 사용하여 시공하는 경우에 대해서는 일반적인 쌓기의 경우와 다른 시공법이 제안되어 있다. 최근 발주되는 턴키설계 규모의 토목 사업에서는 터널 및 사면 절취 등의 과정에서 암버력이 많이 생산되고 그것을 활용하여 공사구간의 절취 구간에 사용하는 방안이 일반화되었다.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.17 no.6
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• pp.71-80
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• 2017

The standards for achievement levels for building blocks in elementary geometry class is to enhance spatial cognitive ability through practices describing shape patterns of building blocks observed from different directions. However, most of building block in the textbook is described from only one perspective. Even worse, some examples in the textbook are almost impossible to observe in the real world. Contrary to this, simulated views by Wings3D has shown that each box may look quite differently from different angles let alone the size of each box. Using Wings3D, it is also very easy to build different types of building blocks with various levels of difficulty in the virtual space. Based on these results, in this study, 3D visualization SW is suggested as a potential pedagogical tool for the elementary geometry class to help kids perceive objects in space more precisely. We have shown that 3D visualization SW such as Wings3D could be a powerful, compact 3D SW for most of subjects which are covered in elementary geometry education. Wings3D has another advantage of economic open source SW fully compatible with school PCs.

• School Mathematics
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.223-239
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• 2015

This study focused on classroom dialogue for communicating spatial information which is supposed to be implemented through learning activities using building-blocks. Even though mathematics textbooks for $2^{nd}$ graders have activities which require abilities of explaining and understanding some spatial information, we know few about how mathematical communication between teacher and students or among students and which strategies are more effective. For this reason, two building-block lessons for $2^{nd}$ graders were observed. The characteristics of teachers' instruction and students' explanation were identified and the mathematical communication between teachers and students or among students was analyzed. As a result, mains factors of impeding students' explanation and understanding were induced and the types of their communication were classified. Based on these results, several teaching strategies for effective communication in buildingblock lessons were suggested.

• Journal of the Korean Geosynthetics Society
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.21-31
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• 2017

Geobag method is an eco-friendly method to minimize the impact on the environment in the construction of retaining wall structure as a kind of geosynthetic reinforced retaining walls. In this study, evaluated behavior of full scaled geobag retaining wall about four different types of geobag retaining walls, that is, non-compacted geobags wall, compacted geobag wall, combination of longitudinal and transversal laied geobags wall, gabion and geobag wall were constructed in the field with instrumentation. Based on the results of field measurement, transversal layered geobag wall for non-compacted case was displaced 30% more than that of mixed gabion wall. Also, the more than 2m geobag walls without reinforcement at the backfill area are turned out to be unstable in terms of wall displacement. On the one hand, the distribution of the earth pressure for all geobag retaining walls sites show within the range of Rankine's and Coulomb's earth pressure after construction. But after intensity rainfall, the transversal laied geobag walls significantly increment of soil pressure. The geobag walls which constructed in the way of mixed wall systems such as gabion and geobag, longitudinal and transversal laied geobags are much stable with comparison of transversal laied geobag wall.

• 베이커리
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• no.2 s.343
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• pp.33-33
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• 1997

• Journal of Educational Research in Mathematics
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.425-441
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• 2009

The cube-accumulation is a new theme included in the 7th elementary mathematics curriculum for improving children's spatial ability. One activity of the cube-accumulation is to recognize the configuration of accumulated cube given three plane figures in the directions of the above, the front and the side, respectively. The approach to this activity presented in the mathematics textbook is more or less intuitive and constructive, and difficult to some children. So we suggest an alternative, more analytic method, 'elimination method', that is eliminating unnecessary parts from $n{\times}n{\times}n$ whole cubes. This method was adopted to the 32 sixth graders, in special five applicants among them. Their responses and activities were analyzed. We confirm that we can teach the cube-accumulation by the elimination method, and some children prefer this method. 13u1 this method requires more exercises to be executed skillfully.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.419-424
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• 2020

The purpose of this study is to find out whether changed interactions due to reformatting has a significant effect on the play attribute of children's play from an instrumental point of view. Based on the study of Roser Caillois theory of play (Agon, Mimicry, Area, Ilinx) and previous studies, a questionnaire was written and experimental design was carried out through brick stack which are most preferred in the whole development of children. Brick stack were selected from physical and electronic spaces and the survey was conducted with children's experiences by dividing into experimental group and comparative group. Correlation and T-test results, the brick stack by reformating showed significant difference in the play attributes (Agon, Mimicry, Area, Ilinx) of Rose Caillois and we found that the effectiveness of play is doubled in the electronic space. Play properties evenly distributed in electronic space brick stacking suggest that pleasure and fun can double.

• Proceedings of the Safety Management and Science Conference
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• 2012.11a
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• pp.159-166
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• 2012

본 연구는 조적공사 중 반매(0.5B)쌓기 시멘트벽돌 시공시 개구부 상부에 시공되는 중량의 인방보용 콘크리트 구조물 대신 경량의 강재구조물을 안전하게 사용할 수 있도록 강재구조물이 개구부 상부 시멘트벽돌 하중을 견딜 수 있는지 실험을 통해 검증해 보기위한 것이다. 강재구조물이 시멘트벽돌을 쌓는데 방해가 되지 않도록 강재구조물 형상을 제안하였고 휨실험을 실시하여 구조형상을 검증하였다. 실험결과를 바탕으로 강재구조물에 치올림(camber)을 두어 시멘트벽돌 반매(0.5B)쌓기 실물 재하시험을 실시한 결과 시공성이 개선되고 공사 중 안전사고 방지에도 효과가 있는 것으로 확인되었다.